State v. Gross

145 So. 3d 521, 2014 WL 2861690
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedJune 24, 2014
DocketNo. 14-KA-110
StatusPublished
Cited by3 cases

This text of 145 So. 3d 521 (State v. Gross) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Gross, 145 So. 3d 521, 2014 WL 2861690 (La. Ct. App. 2014).

Opinion

SUSAN M. CHEHARDY, Chief Judge.

|20n appeal, defendant challenges his conviction for possession with intent to distribute marijuana. For the following reasons, we affirm defendant’s conviction and sentence.

Procedural history

On May 13, 2013, the Jefferson Parish District Attorney filed a bill of information charging defendant, Charles Gross, with possession with intent to distribute marijuana, in violation of La. R.S. 40:966A. On May 28, 2013, defendant was arraigned and pled not guilty. Defendant filed pretrial motions to suppress evidence and his statement, which were heard and denied on October 24, 2013.

Trial before a twelve-person jury commenced on October 30, 2013. On October 31, 2013, the jury found defendant guilty as charged.

On November 12, 2013, the trial judge denied defendant’s Motion for New Trial and Motion for Post-Verdict Judgment of Acquittal. That same day, the trial court sentenced defendant to “fifteen years with the Department of Corrections.”

Immediately thereafter, the State filed a multiple offender bill of information, alleging that defendant was a second felony offender. Defendant | astipulated to the multiple bill, which the trial judge accepted. Thereafter, the trial court vacated defendant’s original sentence and, pursuant to La. R.S. 15:529.1, imposed an enhanced sentence of “fifteen years in the Department of Corrections.” After his re-sentencing, defendant filed a Motion for Appeal, which was granted by the trial court. The instant appeal follows.

Facts

Detective Randy Picarella of the Jefferson Parish Sheriffs Office Narcotics Division testified that he had received two complaints concerning illegal narcotics sales from a specific apartment in the complex located at 4700 Jefferson Highway. During his shift on the evening of April 10, 2013, Detective Picarella parked across the street in his unmarked police vehicle and conducted surveillance of the apartment complex.

During his surveillance, he observed a grey sedan pull into the complex’s parking lot followed by a second vehicle, which parked next to the first vehicle. The driver of the grey sedan exited his vehicle, approached the passenger side of the second vehicle, and engaged in a brief conversation with an occupant of the second vehicle. Next, the driver of the grey sedan went into the “lobby” of the apartment complex and up a flight of stairs to the second floor.

After about one minute, the driver of the grey sedan exited the door to the complex, approached the passenger side of the second vehicle, and reached his right hand into the second vehicle. Almost immediately, the driver of the grey sedan returned to his vehicle and both drivers quickly left the apartment complex.

Detective Picarella, who was “close enough to see with the naked eye” and had an unobstructed view of the vehicles, testified that, although he could not see inside the vehicles, he suspected that the man in question was conducting a hand-to-hand drug transaction with an occupant of the second vehicle.

|4Based on his suspicion, Detective Pi-carella followed the driver of the grey sedan for a short period of time while running a computer check of the vehicle’s license plate. As a result of the computer search, Detective Picarella learned that the vehicle was registered to Charles Gross.

After a short period of time, Detective Picarella stopped the grey sedan by acti[526]*526vating the lights and sirens on his unmarked police vehicle. Detective Picarel-la, who was dressed in plain clothes with his badge and weapon displayed, approached the vehicle, explained that he was conducting a narcotics investigation, and asked the driver to exit his vehicle.

As Detective Picarella spoke with the driver about his route and destination that evening, Detective Picarella found that defendant was not truthful about his actions earlier that evening. When confronted with the inconsistencies of his account, the driver became visibly nervous, which prompted Detective Picarella to pat him down. Detective Picarella did not discover any weapons on the driver. Eventually, the driver admitted that he had been at the apartment complex located at 4700 Jefferson Highway to meet a “girlfriend.” By this time, Detective William Meetze had arrived at the location where the driver was stopped.

When Detective Picarella asked the driver for consent to search his vehicle, he agreed, stating, “Sure, go ahead, I don’t have anything in there.” Detective Meetze searched the backseat of the vehicle and found a large, clear, plastic bag holding fourteen smaller, clear, plastic bags that each contained a leafy, green, vegetable matter. The substance field-tested positive for marijuana. Further, the marijuana and its packaging weighed twenty-seven grams, which is slightly less than one ounce.

At that point, Detective Picarella advised defendant he was under arrest, placed him in handcuffs, and read him his constitutional rights pursuant to Is Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.S. 436, 86 S.Ct. 1602, 16 L.Ed.2d 694 (1966). Almost immediately thereafter, defendant explained that he was having trouble finding employment, so he was selling marijuana to make money. He further admitted that he was at the apartment complex located at 4700 Jefferson Highway to sell a bag of marijuana to a man named “Steve.”

Sergeant Elvin Módica of the Jefferson Parish Sheriffs Office Narcotics Division, who was qualified as an expert in the manufacturing, packaging, and distribution of street-level narcotics, testified that the manner in which this marijuana was packaged — one large bag containing fourteen smaller plastic bags — is consistent with “someone who possessed it with the intent to distribute it.” He explained that, although an ounce of marijuana could be for personal use, carrying fourteen individual plastic bags is not consistent with personal use.

Sergeant Módica further stated that people that possess marijuana for personal use would typically have some paraphernalia, i.e., a pipe or papers, to enable them to ingest the marijuana. Finally, Sergeant Módica stated that the street price for one ounce, or 28 grams, of marijuana is between $30.00 and $50.00. He noted, however, that if the ounce is broken down into fourteen two-gram bags, and sold for $10.00, the seller could realize a profit of $90.00 to $110.00.

After hearing the testimony and evidence, the jury, by a vote of 10-2, found defendant guilty as charged of possession with intent to distribute marijuana.

Law and Argument

On appeal, defendant raised two assignments of error: first, the trial court erred by not granting the defense motions to suppress the statement and evidence after the illegal arrest of Mr. Gross, and second, the trial court erred by not granting a mistrial after an expert witness was allowed to testify as to the ultimate issue of guilt.

|fiIn his first assignment of error, defendant argues that the trial court erred in [527]*527denying his motion to suppress his statement and the evidence. He contends that Detective Picarella lacked reasonable suspicion to stop and detain him. He maintains that his actions at the apartment complex, without any further corroboration of criminal activity specific to him, did not justify the alleged investigatory stop.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
145 So. 3d 521, 2014 WL 2861690, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-gross-lactapp-2014.