State v. Gault

CourtCourt of Appeals of North Carolina
DecidedJune 18, 2025
Docket24-5
StatusPublished

This text of State v. Gault (State v. Gault) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of North Carolina primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Gault, (N.C. Ct. App. 2025).

Opinion

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF NORTH CAROLINA

No. COA24-5

Filed 18 June 2025

Surry County, No. 21CRS051052-850

STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA

v.

SHANNON EDWARD GAULT, Defendant.

Appeal by defendant from judgment entered 26 June 2023 by Judge Angela B.

Puckett in Superior Court, Surry County. Heard in the Court of Appeals 13 August

2024.

Attorney General Jeff Jackson, by Assistant Attorney General Megan Shook, for the State.

Jason Christopher Yoder for defendant-appellant.

STROUD, Judge.

Defendant appeals from a judgment revoking his probation and activating his

sentence. On appeal, Defendant argues that the trial court lacked jurisdiction to

revoke his probation. Alternatively, Defendant argues that the evidence was

insufficient to establish that he violated a condition of his probation. Although the

trial court had jurisdiction to rule on the probation violation, the State failed to

present evidence of the violation alleged in the probation violation report. We reverse

the trial court’s judgment.

I. Factual and Procedural Background STATE V. GAULT

Opinion of the Court

On 18 July 2022, Defendant entered a plea of guilty to second-degree

exploitation of a minor and disseminating obscenity. Under a plea agreement,

Defendant’s charges were consolidated into one judgment, and he was sentenced to

20 to 84 months of imprisonment, suspended for 36 months of supervised probation.

As a condition of probation, Defendant was prohibited from accessing the internet

during the thirty-six-month probationary period. The trial court additionally ordered

no contact between Defendant and the minor victim, and he was required to register

as a sex offender.

On 21 March 2023, Defendant’s supervising probation officer, Officer Lyle

Burnette (“Burnette”), filed a report alleging that Defendant had violated the terms

of his probation. The violation report stated:

Of the conditions of probation imposed in that judgment, the defendant has willfully violated: 1. General Statute 15A-1343(b) (1) “Commit no criminal offense in any jurisdiction” in that . . . DEFENDANT WAS CHARGED WITH A FAILURE TO REGISTER IN REGARDS TO HAVING SOCIAL MEDIA CITE (sic) NOT REGISTERED WITH THE SHERIFF’S DEPARTMENT ON 1/18/23. THIS IS A VIOLATION OF . . . DEFENDANTS PROBATION.

Defendant denied the allegation and requested a hearing on the violation.

On 26 June 2023, the trial court held Defendant’s probation violation hearing.

Defendant’s counsel first sought a continuance, explaining that the violation involved

a new felony charge for which he did not have discovery. The trial court denied

Defendant’s counsel’s request. At the hearing, Burnette did not testify. Instead, the

-2- STATE V. GAULT

trial court heard testimony from another probation officer, Officer Seth Cook (“Cook”),

who conducted the check-up on Defendant alongside Burnette.

Cook testified he and Burnette performed a “multiple sex offender check up”

in March 2023. Cook was aware that Defendant was “not to have in his possession

any social media [or] any pornographic material[.]” Also, that sex offenders under

supervision are required to register all social media accounts with the sheriff’s office.

When they entered Defendant’s apartment, he was on Facetime with a female who

appeared to be young. Cook detained Defendant and went through his phone. On

his phone, Cook found pornographic websites and multiple social media applications,

including Snapchat and Facebook.

To Cook’s knowledge, Defendant did not have any social media accounts

registered with the sheriff’s office; however, he testified that Burnette was the one

who checked the registration status. During his testimony, Cook accessed Burnette’s

narrative notes and testified about their contents. He testified that Burnette spoke

to a sergeant in the transportation department at the sheriff’s office, who confirmed

that Defendant did not have any accounts or “online identifier[s]” registered.

Burnette’s notes also included several screenshots from Defendant’s phone.

The screenshots were taken from various online platforms that both Burnette and

Cook discovered during their examination of his phone. One screenshot was from

Snapchat and displayed Defendant’s username as “RHEC_Shannon33.” Cook

confirmed that Snapchat is a social media-based company. Another screenshot was

-3- STATE V. GAULT

of a forum on the Reddit platform, which is an “online multi-purpose forum where

you register to get an identifier, which you can then post to that [forum].” However,

a user may access Reddit without registering for an account. The screenshot stated,

“Top Stories for Shannon” and the specific forum was titled “I’m 15 and my crush is

40. Is it normal?” The other screenshots on Defendant’s phone were “pornographic in

nature.” However, the State presented no evidence of any actions of Defendant on or

around 18 January 2023, the date stated in both the probation violation report and

in the order. The testimony all related to the visit to Defendant’s home in March 2023.

Based on this evidence, the trial court concluded that Defendant was in

violation of his probation by failing to register “a social media [site] with the Sheriff’s

department.” As a result, Defendant’s probation was revoked and his sentence was

activated. Defendant provided oral notice of appeal following sentencing.

That same day, the trial court documented its oral findings and conclusions in

a supplemental order with written findings of fact:

The [c]ourt after hearing all of the evidence presented by both the State and by . . . Defendant finds that the [c]ourt is reasonably satisfied in its discretion that . . . Defendant did violate the condition of his probation that he not commit any new criminal offense in any jurisdiction in that on January 18, 2023 . . . [D]efendant did have a social media cite (sic), to wit Snapchat and Reddit, that was not registered with the Sheriffs Department that was required by law due to [D]efendant’s underlying conviction in this case.

The [c]ourt finds the condition was a valid a condition of probation and . . . Defendant violated the condition

-4- STATE V. GAULT

willfully and without valid excuse at a time prior to the expiration or termination of his probation.

II. Analysis

Defendant asserts three arguments on appeal: (1) the trial court lacked

jurisdiction to revoke his probation for commission of a criminal offense because the

violation report failed to state any criminal conduct or provide adequate notice of the

criminal conduct alleged; (2) alternatively, the trial court erred by revoking his

probation because the State failed to prove the allegation in the violation report; and

(3) the trial court’s findings of fact were not supported by competent evidence,

therefore, it erred by concluding that Defendant committed a new criminal offense

based on the evidence. We hold the trial court had jurisdiction to revoke Defendant’s

probation and he received adequate notice of the alleged criminal offense. However,

we further hold the trial court erred by revoking Defendant’s probation, as the State

failed to prove the allegation in the violation report and presented insufficient

evidence of the violation.

A. Subject Matter Jurisdiction

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Bluebook (online)
State v. Gault, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-gault-ncctapp-2025.