State v. Formo

416 N.W.2d 162, 1987 WL 20748
CourtCourt of Appeals of Minnesota
DecidedFebruary 17, 1988
DocketC9-87-554
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 416 N.W.2d 162 (State v. Formo) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Minnesota primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Formo, 416 N.W.2d 162, 1987 WL 20748 (Mich. Ct. App. 1988).

Opinions

OPINION

LANSING, Judge.

Seldon Formo was convicted of first-degree arson and defrauding an insurer. On appeal Formo contends that the evidence was insufficient to sustain his conviction, he was denied his right to a speedy trial, and the court erred in its evidentiary rulings. We reverse Formo’s convictions.

FACTS

In December 1985 Seldon Formo lived on five acres of property located 1 ⅛ miles east of Nelson, Minnesota. The property included a house, a garage, a shed and a chicken coop. The house, a two-story, wood-frame structure with four bedrooms and a full basement, had been built in 1920. It had two main entrances which were usually locked, one on the north side opening into the kitchen, and the other, not often used, on the east side opening into the dining room. Formo carried a house key and kept a spare key beneath a refrigerator near the north entrance. There was also a door into the basement.

Formo bought the property for $20,000 in October 1985 at a foreclosure sale. He obtained insurance as part of the purchase agreement — $52,500 on the house, $5,250 on the outbuildings, and $31,500 on his personal belongings. The insurer set the amounts according to its formula for evaluating risks.

After buying the house, Formo spent $2,000 for renovations. He painted, recar-peted, replaced the well pump and made minor repairs to the furnace. Formo had not owned a home before and intended to further renovate and purchase livestock.

Formo was employed as a bartender/manager at Diamond Jim’s, a bar in Nelson, and grossed about $800 per month. He made monthly house payments, including insurance and taxes, of $211. He also paid $150 per month child support. The [163]*163purchase of the property did not substantially increase his monthly expenses.

Formo spent the night of December 12 at Sheryl Storeby’s house. Storeby was married but separated from her husband. For-mo was also married but separated. On the morning of December 13, Formo and Storeby stopped at his house about 7:30 to drop off his dog and continued into Nelson, where Storeby dropped Formo at work.

Later that morning, Formo contacted his wife and made plans to meet her after work. Formo finished work at 5:00 and talked with his wife for about ten minutes. He then told her he wanted to check on his furnace, which had not been working properly. He borrowed a diesel pickup truck from a friend, leaving Diamond Jim’s at about 5:10.

Formo testified he arrived at his house at 5:15, confirmed that the furnace was working, took fish from his freezer for his friend’s mother and left. In all, he was in the house less than five minutes and did not enter any room other than the kitchen. As Formo started to back the truck out of the driveway, it stalled and he was unsuccessful in attempting to restart it.

Formo left the truck and walked to the home of a neighbor, Joseph Posledni, about one-quarter mile away. He arrived there between 5:30 and 5:45 and asked Posledni to help start the truck or tow it. Posledni told Formo he did not have a vehicle that could tow Eisner’s pickup, but offered him a ride into town. Formo was in the Posled-ni home for five to ten minutes while Pos-ledni finished his supper and put on warm clothes. Neither Posledni nor his wife smelled any unusual odor on Formo, and during the drive into town Posledni sat within two feet of Formo and did not notice any unusual smells. Posledni dropped For-mo at Diamond Jim’s and returned home.

Formo arrived at his home about 6:30 with four friends to start the stalled pickup. As they drove up, he saw smoke coming from under the eaves. He tried to enter the house to fight the fire, but was dissuaded by his friends. He then drove to Posledni’s to call the Osakis Fire Department. When Formo reached the Poslednis’ he was visibly upset, pale and physically shaking. He was barely able to place the call to the fire department. Osakis firefighter Edward Pollard received Formo’s call at 6:45 p.m. Formo gave Pollard explicit directions to his house. After reporting the fire, Formo returned to his house, parking at the end of the road to keep the driveway clear for the fire trucks. The fire crew arrived within ten minutes of the call.

Throughout the fire, Formo assisted the firefighters. The firefighters went to the east door, which they found locked. Formo warned them not to go, in the east door because there were shotgun shells near it that might injure them. Several firefighters later reported hearing shotgun shells going off during the fire.

Pollard told them to go to the stairway to the basement and drive the fire out the windows. Formo gave the firefighters accurate directions to the stairway. On the third try they found a hole in the floor where the stairs to the basement were. Formo, meanwhile, kicked in the north door to allow Pollard into the house.

The fire did extensive damage to the house. The kitchen, dining room, bathroom and living room were “flashed over;” that is, extreme heat caused items in these rooms to ignite spontaneously and then, due to a lack of oxygen, quickly burn out. The bedroom on the main floor was gutted. The stairs leading to the second floor were gone. The fire also destroyed personal property — meat from a freezer, a box of mementos including the service medals and burial flag of Formo’s deceased father, and the Christmas presents he had bought for his children. Formo was distraught over these losses.

As the firefighters mopped up, they discovered signs of arson. There were several unusual burn patterns in the house, including a 3-5 inch hole in the floor near the base of the second floor stairwell. There were burn patterns in the basement on a beam above the furnace and near an electrical box, which evidenced the presence of an incendiary material. They also discovered two propane torches, one in a box in the [164]*164basement and one in a cabinet near the kitchen.

Several days after the fire, Formo called his insurance agent to ask how to file a claim. During a meeting with an insurance adjuster, Formo said he had left his home at 7:30 on the morning of the fire and that his wife had left slightly earlier. In fact, his wife had not stayed at the house that night, and Formo had spent the night at Storeby’s. Formo also told the insurance adjuster that he had returned home after 5:00 p.m. on the 13th and that there was a wood fire in the furnace that day. Formo said that he wanted to rebuild his home.

Because of the suspicious nature of the fire, Fire Chief Olson requested investigative assistance from the state fire marshall. Formo gave his consent and Olson, Pollard and arson investigator Ronald Peterson went to the house.

Peterson found three points of origin for the fire. The first was at the base of the stairwell to the second floor, where the burn marks exhibited a downward burn pattern usually associated with the presence of an accelerant. The second point of origin was in the basement. A beam above the furnace was burned on the top and sides only, an indication that a flammable liquid was poured on it. The third point of origin was a 1" by 4" electrical mounting board attached to the ceiling near the beam. The board was later found in the sump. Burns at the top of the board showed signs of the presence of an acceler-ant; later testing by the Bureau of Criminal Apprehension could not confirm this, however. Recent burn marks were also found on the wall of one of the out-buildings.

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

State of Minnesota v. Anne Marie Hinrichs
Court of Appeals of Minnesota, 2016
State v. Battin
474 N.W.2d 427 (Court of Appeals of Minnesota, 1991)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
416 N.W.2d 162, 1987 WL 20748, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-formo-minnctapp-1988.