State v. Fisher

507 So. 2d 1263
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedJune 19, 1987
DocketCR86-790
StatusPublished
Cited by5 cases

This text of 507 So. 2d 1263 (State v. Fisher) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Fisher, 507 So. 2d 1263 (La. Ct. App. 1987).

Opinion

507 So.2d 1263 (1987)

STATE of Louisiana
v.
Arthur Gene FISHER.

No. CR86-790.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Third Circuit.

May 13, 1987.
Rehearing Dismissed June 19, 1987.

*1264 Martin St. Sanders, Jr., Winnfield, for defendant-appellant.

Joseph P. Beck, Dist. Atty., Colfax, for plaintiff-appellee.

Before DOMENGEAUX, DOUCET and KNOLL, JJ.

DOMENGEAUX, Judge.

Arthur Gene Fisher was convicted on November 20, 1984, of attempted aggravated *1265 rape, a violation of La.R.S. 14:27 and 14:42. The defendant was sentenced on February 21, 1985, to serve forty years in the Louisiana State Penitentiary. The defendant now appeals his conviction and sentence raising twelve assignments of error.

FACTS

In the later months of 1982 Arthur Gene Fisher resided in a mobile home outside Pollock, Louisiana. He lived with his wife, Vera Rosalee Fisher, his son Anthony Fisher, and his wife's seven-year-old daughter Shantelle Marie Herrin. One morning between November 25, 1982, Thanksgiving, and December 6, 1982, Shantelle's birthday, Fisher attempted to sexually assault Shantelle.

Shantelle brought this fact to the attention of her aunt, Betty Jeffries. Jeffries and Shantelle's grandmother contacted the authorities and Shantelle was removed from the home.

Pam Dotherow, a case worker with the Department of Health and Human Services, testified that she interviewed Shantelle and reported her findings to the District Attorney and the Sheriff. Based upon Dotherow's information, Fisher was charged with aggravated rape.

ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NO. 1

This assignment of error consists of five subparts. Subparts 1(C) and 1(E) were not briefed and are, therefore, considered abandoned. State v. Dewey, 408 So.2d 1255 (La.1982).

The defendant contends in the remaining subparts of Assignment No. 1 that the trial court erred in allowing two dolls to be used by the prosecution during the testimony of the victim. The use of the dolls was in error, according to the defendant, because: subpart (A), the use of the dolls constituted leading the witness, and subparts (B) and (D), no foundation was laid for their use.

Leading Questions

The dolls in question were used by the prosecution to assist the eight-year-old witness in relating the accounts of her experience. No objection was made during the trial that their use constituted leading the witness. Pursuant to La. Code Crim.Proc. art. 841, the defendant has waived his right to allege error. Despite the absence of a contemporaneous objection, we will address the defendant's alleged error.

The defense contends that the trial court erred in permitting the prosecution to ask Shantelle questions, in conjunction with the use of the dolls, that suggested the answers she was to give. The defendant particularly addressed Shantelle's use of the dolls to demonstrate the attack, alleging that the prosecution's "rehearsal" of this demonstration was unduly suggestive and influenced her testimony.

A "leading question," as defined by La. R.S. 15:277, is "one which suggests to the witness the answer he is to deliver." Although R.S. 15:277 limits leading one's own witness to situations in which the witness is uncooperative or hostile, the Supreme Court has held that leading questions may be directed to particular classes of witnesses, including children. State v. Kahey, 436 So.2d 475 (La.1983); State v. Vanderhoff, 415 So.2d 190 (La.1982); State v. Bolton, 408 So.2d 250 (La.1981).

The Supreme Court has previously held that leading questions are generally not the type of prosecutorial error which diminishes the reliability of a jury's verdict. "Only when there is a clear abuse of discretion which prejudices defendant's rights will a conviction be reversed because of leading questions." State v. Felde, 422 So.2d 370, 385 (La.1982), cert. denied, 461 U.S. 918, 103 S.Ct. 1903, 77 L.Ed.2d 290 (1985). See also, State v. Casimier, 454 So.2d 1199 (La.App. 4th Cir.1984).

In Vanderhoff, the trial court permitted the prosecution to use leading questions during the examination of a nine-year-old rape victim. The Supreme Court noted on review that absent leading questions it was probable that the victim's testimony would not have revealed what transpired. The Court affirmed the defendant's conviction holding that there was no abuse of discretion in allowing the prosecution to ask leading questions of "a witness who, because *1266 of youth, confusion or otherwise, cannot understand direct questions." Supra, at 194.

In the instant case, as in Vanderhoff, it is probable that Shantelle would have been unable to accurately testify without the aid of leading questions. There is no evidence that Shantelle acquiesced to any false suggestions and her testimony, in fact, leads us to the opposite conclusion. The trial judge did not abuse his discretion in allowing the prosecution to ask Shantelle leading questions.

Assignment of Error No. 1, subpart (A), lacks merit.

Lack of Foundation

The defendant next contends that the dolls were demonstrative evidence and assigns error alleging that no foundation was laid for their use. This is the first occasion the defendant has chosen to object, alleging that no foundation was established prior to the use of the dolls. Pursuant to article 841, a contemporaneous objection is necessary to preserve an error for appeal. Since no objection was raised at trial, the defendant is precluded from raising this error for the first time on appeal.

This aspect of Assignment of Error No. 1 subparts (B) and (D), is without merit.

ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NO. 2

The defendant argues in this assignment of error that the trial court erred in accepting a guilty verdict because there was "insufficient proof" that the attempted aggravated rape occurred within the time period stated in the bill of indictment. The defendant argues, "The evidence testimony, if accepted as true as to date, places the charged act outside the indictment."

This Court, in State v. Frith, 436 So.2d 623 (La.App. 3rd Cir.1983), writ denied, 440 So.2d 731 (La.1983), held that the date of the offense is not an essential element of the crime of attempted aggravated rape. Any error as to the date of the alleged offense in an indictment is an error only as to form. Accordingly, the defendant's conviction does not rest upon whether the State presented evidence that the acts of the offense fell within the precise time frame stated in the indictment. This defendant was adequately apprised of the offense with which he was charged.

The appropriate standard by which an appellate court is to review the evidence of a conviction was set forth in Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U.S. 307, 99 S.Ct. 2781, 61 L.Ed.2d 560 (1979).[1] According to Jackson, the question on review is whether any rational trier of fact, viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the prosecution could find that the offense was proven beyond a reasonable doubt.

In the instant case, the question is whether the prosecution established that the act occurred within the period specified in the bill of indictment, November 25, 1982, to December 16, 1982. Shantelle testified that she knew what sex was and that it was what the defendant did to her.

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507 So. 2d 1263, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-fisher-lactapp-1987.