State v. Farley

863 S.W.2d 669, 1993 Mo. App. LEXIS 1639, 1993 WL 428962
CourtMissouri Court of Appeals
DecidedOctober 26, 1993
DocketNo. WD 43735
StatusPublished
Cited by3 cases

This text of 863 S.W.2d 669 (State v. Farley) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Missouri Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Farley, 863 S.W.2d 669, 1993 Mo. App. LEXIS 1639, 1993 WL 428962 (Mo. Ct. App. 1993).

Opinion

LOWENSTEIN, Judge.

In this consolidated appeal from a criminal cause for first degree tampering, three points are raised: 1) denial of the Appellant’s request for jury instructions on a lesser-included offense of second degree tampering; 2) denial of his post-conviction motion for a evidentiary hearing regarding ineffective assistance of counsel based on counsel’s failure to object to an all white jury venire and subsequent failure to strike the jury; and, 3) use of jury instruction MAI-Cr3d 302.04, defining reasonable doubt. This court affirms.

[671]*671The State charged Farley with first degree tampering under § 569.080, RSMo 1986; he was tried before a jury and found guilty, and was sentenced to 10 years as a prior and persistent offender.

The underlying facts are as follows: Brenda Rechterman (formerly Brenda Russell) left her keys in the ignition of her car when she parked behind a restaurant in Higgins-ville, Missouri. Approximately an hour and a half later she discovered her car was gone.

Sergeant Beylander of the Highway Patrol was patrolling Interstate 70 in Jackson County later the same evening. At approximately 11:05 p.m. he noticed a car behind him pull into the far left lane and accelerate. As the car passed Beylander he noticed the ear was occupied by one person and had expired license plates. Beylander paced the ear to see how fast it was going; while pacing the car he radioed Troop A to run a computer check. He learned the car was owned by Brenda Russell.

Beylander activated his emergency lights and turned his spot light on the rear of the car. The car pulled onto the shoulder and Beylander pulled behind it, shining his spotlight inside the ear. He noticed a single occupant, the driver, a black male wearing a blue coat with a white collar. Instead of stopping, the car suddenly accelerated and fled. Beylander pursued for several miles in a high speed chase which exceeded 100 miles per hour. The driver attempted to turn off the highway, lost control and drove into a ravine and fled the car, leaving the driver’s door open. Beylander observed a black male, wearing a blue jacket with a white collar running north of the car. Beylander chased after the driver on foot. With the help of a police helicopter spotlight operated by Officer Reynolds, he found the driver lying on the ground approximately 200 yards from the ear. Using the helicopter’s spotlight, Reynolds found a black male, wearing a blue jacket with a white collar lying down in a gully northeast of the car. He did not see anyone else in the area.

Upon being arrested late on this February night, Farley said, “I’m drunk and laying here sleeping.” Later at Patrol Troop Headquarters, Farley said, “I’ll admit to riding in the car, but I wasn’t driving it.” At trial there was evidence he said, “I wasn’t in the car....”

Under the scope of review, the evidence and all reasonable inferences are to be taken in a light most favorable to the state, rejecting evidence and inferences which don’t support the verdict. State v. Franks, 688 S.W.2d 787, 788 (Mo.App.1985).

The first point concerns the trial court’s denial to submit instructions on the lesser-included offense of second degree tampering. The trial court must instruct the jury on all lesser-included offenses supported by the evidence. State v. Story, 646 S.W.2d 68, 73 (Mo. banc 1983), § 556.046, RSMo. 1986. In order to require the giving of instruction on the lesser offense, “there must be support in the case for its submission and an instruction should not be given in the absence of evidence to support it.” Id. at 78 (citing State v. Craig, 433 S.W.2d 811 (Mo.1968) and State v. Agee, 474 S.W.2d 817 (Mo.1971)). Instruction of a lesser-included offense need be given only where there is evidence with “probative value,” and if there is “a reasonable basis in fact for finding the accused guilty of the lesser offense while innocent of the higher offense.” State v. Vinyard, 839 S.W.2d 686, 689 (Mo.App.1992); State v. Olson, 636 S.W.2d 318, 322 (Mo. banc 1982). Furthermore, instruction on the lesser offense is not necessary “where ... there is strong and substantial proof of the offense charged and the evidence does not reveal a lack of an essential element of the more serious offense.” State v. Montgomery, 809 S.W.2d 47, 49 (Mo.App.1991).

In the present case, the evidence does not reveal a lack of an essential element of the more serious offense, and does not present a reasonable basis in fact for submitting the instruction on the lesser offense. See Olson, 636 S.W.2d at 321, 322; Montgomery, 809 S.W.2d at 49. The evidence presented demonstrated Officer Beylander saw only one individual, a black male wearing a blue jacket with a white collar, driving the car. The officer saw inside the car both when it passed him on the left and when Beylander shined his spotlight in the back of the car — he saw [672]*672only the driver, no passengers. Beylander lost sight of the car driven by defendant for a few seconds; however, given the high speed chase which ensued between Beylander and Farley, it’s not reasonable under the facts to assume Farley was an overlooked passenger. Additionally, Officer Reynolds noted the same individual, a black male sporting a blue jacket with a white collar, as the only person spotted from the helicopter and within a short distance of the wrecked and abandoned car.

Furthermore, the three contradictory statements made by the defendant: first when he was found in the gully, “I’m drunk and laying here sleeping,” at Patrol Troop Headquarters, “I’ll admit to riding in the car, but I wasn’t driving it,” and at evidence introduced at trial of the defendant’s pretrial statement, “I wasn’t in the car ...,” have minimal probative value and don’t indicate acquittal of the greater and conviction of the lesser offense. There was insufficient evidence presented indicating an acquittal of the greater and conviction of the lesser charge. Additionally, where the defendant denies the commission of the act charged, as Farley did here in his statements, "... but I wasn’t driving it,” and “I wasn’t in the car,” there is no requirement to give a lesser included offense instruction. State v. Petary, 781 S.W.2d 534, 544 (Mo. banc 1989).

The second point on appeal is the denial of the defendants Rule 29.15 post conviction motion for ineffective assistance of counsel based on counsel’s failure to object to the venire panel of all white individuals and failure to move to strike the jury panel. Review of a Rule 29.16 motion is limited to a determination of whether the motion court’s ruling was clearly erroneous. Sidebottom v. State, 781 S.W.2d 791, 794-5 (Mo. banc 1989), cert. denied, 497 U.S. 1032, 110 S.Ct. 3295, 111 L.Ed.2d 804 (1990).

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943 S.W.2d 794 (Missouri Court of Appeals, 1997)
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Bluebook (online)
863 S.W.2d 669, 1993 Mo. App. LEXIS 1639, 1993 WL 428962, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-farley-moctapp-1993.