State v. Evans

627 So. 2d 664, 1993 WL 96635
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedMarch 31, 1993
Docket24718-KA
StatusPublished
Cited by7 cases

This text of 627 So. 2d 664 (State v. Evans) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Evans, 627 So. 2d 664, 1993 WL 96635 (La. Ct. App. 1993).

Opinion

627 So.2d 664 (1993)

STATE of Louisiana, Appellee,
v.
James A. EVANS, Sr., Appellant.

No. 24718-KA.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Second Circuit.

March 31, 1993.
Rehearing Denied December 16, 1993.

Louis Scott, Hunter, Scott, Blue, Johnson & Ross, Monroe, for appellant.

Richard Ieyoub, Atty. Gen., Baton Rouge, Jerry L. Jones, Dist. Atty., Doug Haynes, Asst. Dist. Atty., Monroe, for appellee.

Before SEXTON, STEWART and WILLIAMS, JJ.

WILLIAMS, Judge.

Defendant, James A. Evans, Sr. was charged by bill of information with theft of over $500.00, a violation of LSA-R.S. 14:67. Defendant was tried by a six-person jury on April 6, 1992. After trial, defendant was found guilty of theft of over $100.00 but less *665 than $500.00. He was sentenced to serve eighteen months at hard labor, the sentence was suspended and defendant was placed on supervised probation for a period of three years. As a condition of probation, he was ordered to make restitution to the victim in the amount of $5000.00. Defendant appeals his conviction and sentence. Finding no reversible error, we affirm.

ASSIGNMENTS OF ERROR

Defendant asserts four assignments of error. Assignment of error number three, pertaining to the amount of restitution ordered, was not briefed and is therefore deemed abandoned. State v. Schwartz, 354 So.2d 1332 (La.1978); URCA Rule 2-12.4; State v. Kotwitz, 549 So.2d 351 (La.App. 2d Cir.1989), writ denied, 558 So.2d 1123 (La. 1990). We will therefore address the remaining three assignments of error.

MOTION TO QUASH (ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NO. 1)

By this assignment, defendant contends the trial court erred in denying his motion to quash based on the expiration of the two-year time limitation for commencement of trial.

On December 20, 1989, the defendant was charged by bill of information with theft of over $500.00, a violation of LSA-R.S. 14:67. Before the trial began, defendant filed a motion to quash the bill of information. He urged that under LSA-C.Cr.P. Art. 578, prescription had run on the prosecution because more than two years had elapsed without the case having been brought to trial.

LSA-C.Cr.P. Art. 578 sets forth the time limitations for the commencement of trial. The statute provides as follows:

Except as otherwise provided in this Chapter, no trial shall be commenced:
(1) In capital cases after three years from the date of institution of the prosecution;
(2) In other felony cases after two years from the date of institution of prosecution; and
(3) In misdemeanor cases after one year from the date of institution of prosecution. The offense charged shall determine the applicable limitation.

Theft of over $500.00 is a felony. LSA-R.S. 14:2(4). Louisiana law provides that the words "institution of prosecution" include the filing of a bill of information. LSA-C.Cr.P. Art. 934(7); accord, State v. Garbo, 442 So.2d 685 (La.App. 1st Cir.1983).

As stated above, the bill of information in the instant case was filed on December 20, 1989. The trial court's minutes reflect that after four continuances, defendant was finally arraigned on February 20, 1990. Trial was set for a specific date and then refixed for another date on six different occasions. The minutes further reflect that the case was reset for the taking of defendant's guilty plea on September 24, 1990. On that day, the plea negotiations failed and trial was re-fixed for October 29, 1990. On October 29, 1990, the defendant's trial was continued until December 10, 1990. A total of nine continuances were granted after the December 10, 1990 fixing.[1] The minutes reflect that at least four of these continuances were requested by joint motion of the state and the defendant.

On April 6, 1992, defendant filed a motion to quash. The motion was argued and denied. The selection of the jury for trial was begun on that same day.

At the hearing on the motion to quash, the state argued that the motion to quash should *666 be dismissed because the defendant acquiesced in the continuances. The trial court accepted the state's argument that the various joint motions for a continuance suspended the running of the periods of limitation.

The record reflects that the defendant's trial began 110 days after the two years' limitation period had expired. The state bears a heavy burden of proof when it seeks to prove the interruption or suspension of the running of the time limitations under LSA-C.Cr.P. Art. 578. See, State v. Williams, 414 So.2d 767 (La.1982). In the instant case, the state must prove that at least 110 days were excluded from the computation of net elapsed time.

LSA-C.Cr.P. Art. 580 suspends the two-year limitation when the defendant files a motion to quash or other preliminary plea until the motion or plea is ruled upon. Furthermore, after the trial court rules on the motion, the State has a minimum time period of one year to try the case.[2]

If the defendant had not filed a motion to quash or a preliminary plea, the state would have had until December 20, 1991 to try the case. However, on April 22, 1991, the defendant filed a joint motion for a continuance, which the trial judge granted on the same day.

In State v. Cranmer, 306 So.2d 698 (La. 1975), the Louisiana Supreme Court treated a motion for a continuance as a preliminary plea. The Court held that the time limitation was suspended only from the time of the filing of the motion until it was ruled on. However, the state still had one year from the ruling in which to try the case, based on the last clause of Article 580.

In the instant case, the April 22, 1991 joint motion for continuance is a preliminary plea filed by both the defendant and the state. The ruling granting the continuance was on the same day as the joint motion, i.e. April 22, 1991. The last clause of LSA-C.Cr.P. Art. 580 operated to give the state exactly one year after the continuance was granted to commence trial. Since trial was commenced on April 6, 1992, the trial was commenced within the time limitation of LSA-Article 578. The trial court was correct in denying the motion to quash. See, State v. Garbo, supra. This assignment is without merit.

DENIAL OF MOTION FOR MISTRIAL (ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NO. 2)

The defendant assigns as error the trial court's failure to declare a mistrial after a "bomb scare".

The trial court's per curiam comments describe the events surrounding the bomb threat and the basis for his denial of the motion for a mistrial:

The defendant claims the Court erred by failing to declare a mistrial after the jury became aware of a bomb threat to the courthouse. At 10:40 a.m. on the 8th day of April, 1992, the Court had finished its instructions to the jury and placed the jury in deliberation. At 12:36 p.m., the jury requested additional jury instructions. The Court redefined unauthorized use of a movable, the definition of theft, the definition of attempt and the jury was again placed in deliberation at 12:40. The call referencing a bomb threat came into the Sheriff's Office at approximately 1:05 p.m. At approximately 1:10 p.m. the bailiff informed the presiding judge, John R. Joyce of Division "E", of the bomb threat. The judge then had a conference with the ranking major that was on duty with the Sheriff's Department at that time as to the procedures to be followed.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
627 So. 2d 664, 1993 WL 96635, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-evans-lactapp-1993.