State v. Dovala

2014 Ohio 2331

• Court: Ohio Court of Appeals
• Decided: June 2, 2014
• Docket: 13CA010440
• Status: Published

Opinion

[Cite as State v. Dovala, 2014-Ohio-2331.]

STATE OF OHIO ) IN THE COURT OF APPEALS )ss: NINTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT COUNTY OF LORAIN )

STATE OF OHIO C.A. No. 13CA010440

Appellee

v. APPEAL FROM JUDGMENT ENTERED IN THE MELISSA DOVALA COURT OF COMMON PLEAS COUNTY OF LORAIN, OHIO Appellant CASE No. 04 CR 65395

DECISION AND JOURNAL ENTRY

Dated: June 2, 2014

WHITMORE, Judge.

{¶1} Appellant, Melissa Dovala, appeals from the judgment of the Lorain County

Court of Common Pleas, denying her motion for relief from judgment. This Court reverses.

I

{¶2} In July 2005, Dovala was convicted of felony murder, felonious assault, child

endangering, and involuntary manslaughter for the death of R.S., a five-month-old in her care.

State v. Dovala, 9th Dist. Lorain No. 05CA008767, 2007-Ohio-4914, ¶ 6. The trial court merged

the involuntary manslaughter conviction with the felony murder conviction and sentenced

Dovala to a prison term of 15 years to life. Id. Dovala appealed her convictions, and this Court

affirmed. Id. at ¶ 27.

{¶3} Subsequently, Dovala filed a petition for post-conviction relief (“PCR”). The trial

court found that all of her claims were barred by res judicata, and it dismissed her petition. This

Court reversed in part, concluding that three of her claims were not barred by res judicata. State 2

v. Dovala, 9th Dist. Lorain No. 08CA009455, 2009-Ohio-1420, ¶ 25. Specifically, this Court

remanded for the trial court to consider “whether [Dovala’s] trial counsel were ineffective

because they had failed to: (1) fully prepare for trial and investigate the State’s case; (2) present

any expert testimony to contradict the State’s expert; and (3) fully investigate their theory of her

defense and support it with expert evidence.” State v. Dovala, 9th Dist. Lorain No.

10CA009896, 2011-Ohio-3110, ¶ 2, citing State v. Dovala, 9th Dist. Lorain No. 08CA009455,

2009-Ohio-1420, ¶ 21.

{¶4} On remand, the trial court held a hearing during which three witnesses testified on

Dovala’s behalf. Id. at ¶ 2. Additionally, the trial court admitted transcripts of deposition

testimony from Dovala and her lead trial counsel, James Burge, into evidence. Id. In his

deposition, Burge testified that he sought the opinion of a neurologist, Tom Watson, in his

preparation for trial and that this neurologist confirmed that the injury sustained by R.S. was “an

inflicted injury with the onset of symptoms which would have occurred very quickly.” In

August 2010, the trial court denied Dovala’s PCR, and this Court affirmed in June 2011. Id. at ¶

23.

{¶5} In January 2013, Dovala filed a motion for relief from judgment, seeking to set

aside the trial court’s entry denying her PCR. In support of her motion, Dovala attached an

affidavit of Dr. Thomas Swanson. In 2012, Dovala discovered that the neurologist Burge

testified to consulting was Dr. Swanson, not a Dr. Tom Watson. In his affidavit, Dr. Swanson

states that he never discussed Dovala’s case with Burge and never rendered a medical opinion.

The State filed a memorandum in opposition to Dovala’s motion and attached an affidavit of

Burge. In his affidavit, Burge states that he did not formally consult with Dr. Swanson, but that 3

Dr. Swanson did provide an unofficial opinion to his co-counsel, Laura Perkovic, who was at

that time married to Dr. Swanson.

{¶6} On March 22, 2013, the trial court held a hearing and granted Dovala’s motion to

expand the record with a deposition of Perkovic. Perkovic was subsequently deposed, and a

transcript was filed with the trial court. In June 2013, without holding an additional hearing, the

court denied Dovala’s motion for relief from judgment. Dovala now appeals from that order and

raises one assignment of error for our review.

II

Assignment of Error

THE JUDGMENT OF THE TRIAL COURT IS CONTRARY TO THE MANIFEST WEIGHT OF THE EVIDENCE, AND CONSTITUTES AN ABUSE OF JUDICIAL DISCRETION. FIFTH, SIXTH AND FOURTEENTH AMENDMENTS TO THE U.S. CONSTITUTION. (Sic.)

{¶7} In her sole assignment of error, Dovala argues that the court abused its discretion

in denying her motion for relief from judgment based on newly discovered evidence that her trial

counsel did not consult with a neurologist, which contradicted his previous testimony.

{¶8} “The decision to grant or deny a motion for relief from judgment pursuant to

Civ.R. 60(B) lies in the sound discretion of the trial court and will not be disturbed absent an

abuse of discretion.” State v. Hulgin, 9th Dist. Summit No. 26719, 2013-Ohio-2794, ¶ 7, citing

Strack v. Pelton, 70 Ohio St.3d 172, 174 (1994). An abuse of discretion indicates that the trial

court’s decision was unreasonable, arbitrary, or unconscionable. Blakemore v. Blakemore, 5

Ohio St.3d 217, 219 (1983).

{¶9} Civ.R. 60(B) allows a court to relieve a party from a final judgment, order, or

proceeding under certain circumstances. Such circumstances include: “(1) mistake,

inadvertence, surprise or excusable neglect; (2) newly discovered evidence which by due 4

diligence could not have been discovered in time to move for a new trial * * *; (3) fraud * * *;

(4) the judgment has been satisfied, released or discharged * * *; or (5) any other reason

justifying relief from the judgment.” Civ.R. 60(B).

To prevail on a motion brought under Civ.R. 60(B), the movant must demonstrate that: (1) the party has a meritorious defense or claim to present if relief is granted; (2) the party is entitled to relief under one of the grounds stated in Civ.R. 60(B)(1) through (5); and (3) the motion is made within a reasonable time, and, where the grounds of relief are Civ.R. 60(B)(1), (2) or (3), not more than one year after the judgment, order or proceeding was entered or taken.

GTE Automatic Elec., Inc. v. ARC Industries, Inc., 47 Ohio St.2d 146 (1976), paragraph two of

the syllabus. “Civ.R. 60(B) relief is improper if any one of the foregoing requirements is not

satisfied.” State ex rel. Richard v. Seidner, 76 Ohio St.3d 149, 151 (1996).

Grounds for Relief Under Civ.R. 60(B)(5)

{¶10} “Civ.R. 60(B)(5) is intended as a catch-all provision reflecting the inherent power

of a court to relieve a person from the unjust operation of a judgment, but is not to be used as a

substitute for any of the other more specific provisions of Civ.R. 60(B).” Caruso-Ciresi, Inc. v.

Lohman, 5 Ohio St.3d 64 (1983), paragraph one of the syllabus. The moving party must have

substantial grounds to properly invoke Civ.R. 60(B)(5). Id. at paragraph two of the syllabus.

“Relief under Civ.R. 60(B)(5) should only be granted for an ‘extraordinary and unusual case[.]’”

Parkhurst v. Snively, 9th Dist. Medina No. 3179-M, 2001 WL 1192745, *2, quoting Adomeit v.

Baltimore, 39 Ohio App.2d 97, 105 (8th Dist.1974).

{¶11} One extraordinary circumstance which may form the basis for relief under Civ.R.

60(B)(5) is when a judgment is obtained by fraud upon the court. Coulson v. Coulson, 5 Ohio

St.3d 12, 15-16 (1983) (fraud upon the court is distinguishable from fraud or misrepresentation

by an adverse party covered under Civ.R. 60(B)(3)). However, a party does not necessarily have

to establish fraud upon the court to gain relief under Civ.R. 60(B)(5). See, e.g., Sell v. Brockway, 5

7th Dist. Columbiana No. 11 CO 30, 2012-Ohio-4552. Instead, a party may be entitled to relief

from judgment if there are “unusual circumstances that were not disclosed to all parties at the

time of judgment, and which inherently affect[] the accuracy and reliability of the trial court’s

judgment.” In re J.W., 9th Dist. Summit No. 26874, 2013-Ohio-4368, ¶ 30.

{¶12} Dovala filed her Civ.R. 60(B) motion in January 2013 and attached an affidavit of

Dr. Swanson. After the briefing was completed, the court held a hearing on March 22, 2013, and

granted Dovala’s request to depose Perkovic and expand the record with a transcript of her

deposition. Perkovic was deposed in April, and the transcript was filed with the court in May.

The court entered its judgment denying Dovala’s motion for relief from judgment on June 13,

2013.

{¶13} The court stated in its judgment that it had “examined and compared the

conflicting affidavits and depositions of [] James Burge, Laura Perkovic[,] and Dr. Thomas

Swanson.” However, there is no discussion of Perkovic’s deposition, which occurred after both

the briefing and the hearing. In its entry the court carefully summarized the testimony of both

Burge and Dr. Swanson, but made no mention of Perkovic’s.

{¶14} Even assuming the court did properly consider Perkovic’s testimony, we cannot

conclude that the court fully considered whether extraordinary or unusual circumstances (beyond

fraud) warranted Dovala relief under Civ.R. 60(B)(5). The court found that Burge did not

“attempt[ ] to defile the [c]ourt by misrepresenting material facts * * *.” However, this finding

does not necessarily preclude a finding that the circumstances permitted relief under Civ.R.

60(B)(5). The necessary inquiry is whether the circumstances surrounding Burge’s statements,

regarding his efforts to procure a medical opinion in light of the subsequent testimony of Dr. 6

Swanson and Ms. Perkovic, “inherently affected the accuracy and reliability of the trial court’s

judgment.” See In re J.W., 2013-Ohio-4368, at ¶ 30.

{¶15} Additionally, the court found the testimony of Dr. Swanson and Perkovic to be

“merely cumulative.” This conclusion is not supported by the record. Burge’s prior testimony

was that Dr. Swanson rendered an opinion that was consistent with the State’s medical experts

(namely, that the injury was inflicted and that the onset symptoms would have occurred very

quickly). Dr. Swanson and Perkovic now directly contradict this evidence and maintain that Dr.

Swanson did not render any medical opinion, officially or unofficially. Burge now asserts that

while he did not personally consult with Dr. Swanson, Dr. Swanson did relay his unofficial

medical opinion to Perkovic, and that Perkovic, in turn, relayed that opinion to him. Again, Dr.

Swanson and Perkovic deny any medical opinion was rendered or relayed to Burge. In the trial

court’s denial of Dovala’s PCR, the court found that Burge was not ineffective, in part, because

he had consulted with a neurologist. Dr. Swanson’s affidavit and Perkovic’s deposition, if

believed, undermine the court’s rationale and cannot be said to provide “merely cumulative”

evidence.1

{¶16} The court did not fully analyze whether Dovala was entitled to relief under Civ.R.

60(B)(5). Further, the court’s finding that the testimony of Dr. Swanson and Perkovic was

merely cumulative evidence is not supported by the record. Therefore, we conclude that the trial

court abused its discretion in denying Dovala’s Civ.R. 60(B) motion.

1 We note that credibility determinations are generally within the purview of the trier of fact and will not be disturbed if supported by some competent and credible evidence. See Ati Performance Prods., Inc. v. Stevens, 4th Dist. Hocking No. 12CA6, 2013-Ohio-1313, ¶ 7. However, neither Burge, Dr. Swanson, nor Perkovic testified in person. Moreover, the trial court made no statement in its judgment entry that would allow us to conclude that it found Burge’s affidavit more credible than the testimony of Dr. Swanson and Perkovic. 7

Meritorious Defense

{¶17} In addition to asserting a claim for relief under Civ.R. 60(B)(1) through (5), the

moving party must also allege a meritorious defense. GTE Automatic Elec., Inc, 47 Ohio St.2d

at paragraph two of the syllabus. The trial court found that the newly discovered evidence would

not have “necessarily” changed the court’s finding that Dovala was not entitled to PCR.

However, a moving party is only required to “allege a meritorious defense, not * * * prove that

he will prevail on [it].” Strinka v. Witten, 9th Dist. Lorain No. 11CA009984, 2012-Ohio-539, ¶

14, quoting Rose Chevrolet Inc. v. Adams, 36 Ohio St.3d 17, 20 (1988). To the extent that the

trial court denied Dovala’s motion for relief from judgment because she did not establish that she

would prevail on her alleged defense, the court abused its discretion. See PC Surveillance.Net,

LLC v. Rika Group, Corp., 7th Dist. Mahoning No. 11 MA 165, 2012-Ohio-4569, ¶ 61 (court

abused its discretion in analyzing whether the moving party could prevail on their defense, rather

than whether they alleged operative facts to support a meritorious defense).

{¶18} For the foregoing reasons, Dovala’s assignment of error is sustained.

III

{¶19} Dovala’s sole assignment of error is sustained. The judgment of the Lorain

County Court of Common Pleas is reversed and the cause is remanded for further proceedings

consistent with the foregoing opinion.

Judgment reversed, and remanded.

There were reasonable grounds for this appeal. 8

We order that a special mandate issue out of this Court, directing the Court of Common

Pleas, County of Lorain, State of Ohio, to carry this judgment into execution. A certified copy of

this journal entry shall constitute the mandate, pursuant to App.R. 27.

Immediately upon the filing hereof, this document shall constitute the journal entry of

judgment, and it shall be file stamped by the Clerk of the Court of Appeals at which time the

period for review shall begin to run. App.R. 22(C). The Clerk of the Court of Appeals is

instructed to mail a notice of entry of this judgment to the parties and to make a notation of the

mailing in the docket, pursuant to App.R. 30.

Costs taxed to Appellee.

BETH WHITMORE FOR THE COURT

BELFANCE, P. J. MOORE, J. CONCUR.

APPEARANCES:

BARRY W. WILFORD and SARAH M. SCHREGARDUS, Attorneys at Law, for Appellant.

TIMOTHY J. MCGINTY, Prosecuting Attorney, and T. ALLAN REGAS and BRENT KIRVEL, Assistant Prosecuting Attorneys, for Appellee.