State v. Doe

850 P.2d 211, 123 Idaho 562, 1993 Ida. App. LEXIS 52
CourtIdaho Court of Appeals
DecidedApril 1, 1993
DocketNo. 19620
StatusPublished
Cited by5 cases

This text of 850 P.2d 211 (State v. Doe) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Idaho Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Doe, 850 P.2d 211, 123 Idaho 562, 1993 Ida. App. LEXIS 52 (Idaho Ct. App. 1993).

Opinion

SWANSTROM, Judge.

This is an appeal from an order terminating a mother’s parental rights to her two children. The termination action against the mother proceeded separately from the termination proceedings against the children’s father. A hearing was held, and in his findings, the magistrate determined that the mother had not “made the necessary decisions about her children.” The magistrate also found that she was incapable of keeping a structured environment for the children and of protecting them from harm, which led the court to conclude that a number of conditions set forth in I.C. § 16-2005 existed to justify termination.

On appeal, the mother challenges the lower court’s findings which relate to her inability to parent the children due to her mental deficiencies, contending that the state failed to meet its burden regarding proof of mental deficiency under I.C. § 16-2005(d). She contends that the termination proceeding violated the stated policy of preserving and strengthening the family, where the children had been placed in the temporary custody of the state pursuant to the Child Protective Act, with the consent of the mother, who tried to comply with the state’s conditions for regaining the custody of her children. Finally, she asserts that she was denied due process through the court’s failure to advise her at the outset of the termination proceeding of her right to counsel pursuant to I.C. § 16-2009. Because there is no evidence in the record indicating that the court advised the mother at the start of the termination proceedings of her right to counsel, we reverse and remand with directions to conform to due process requirements outlined in I.C. § 16-2009.

[564]*564FACTS

In July, 1989, the two minor children were taken from their home by the Idaho Falls Police Department following allegations that their father and mother had sexually abused other minor children.1 This report of sexual abuse by the children’s parents was the latest of approximately ten reports, addressing the neglect of the children’s physical and medical needs, which was investigated by the Department of Health and Welfare (Health and Welfare). Fearing that these children were also in danger of being sexually abused, Health and Welfare filed a petition for legal custody and protective supervision of the children under the Child Protective Act.2 At the time of the petition, the children were three and four years old.

The mother consented to the temporary custody of Health and Welfare and signed a stipulation granting custody for a period not to exceed one year. Under the stipulation, the mother agreed that the children could be placed in foster care, and she agreed to cooperate with Health and Welfare in implementing a case plan. The plan included receiving parenting instruction, attending support groups for battered spouses, establishing and maintaining a clean and healthy home environment for the children, regularly visiting the children as arranged by and under the supervision of Health and Welfare, and remitting $10 per month toward the support of the children. The initial stipulation, signed in August, 1989, was extended by a later stipulation and an order renewing the custody of Health and Welfare for an additional six-month period.

On January 2, 1991, near the end of the renewed period of custody, representatives of Health and Welfare and the mother appeared in the magistrate division of the district court for a hearing regarding the voluntary termination of the mother’s parental rights to her two minor children. The mother, who was not represented by counsel, took the witness stand and acknowledged that she understood the nature of the proceedings. However, in response to counsel’s question as to how she felt about relinquishing her rights to the children so that they might be adopted, she stated, “I don’t want to do it. I don’t want to lose my babies. I feel it is not fair.” Based on this statement and upon further inquiry by the magistrate, it became clear that any termination of her parental rights would not be voluntary. The magistrate immediately stopped the hearing and advised that the matter would be taken up the next day, which was the date originally set for hearing.3

The hearing resumed on January 3,1991, with the state presenting the testimony of the foster mother to the two children and of three social workers involved in the case from the time the children were placed in protective custody. The mother was still unrepresented by counsel, and she attempted to represent herself. The magistrate allowed her to make a statement, then examined her at some length until he determined that psychological testing of the mother should be obtained in order to learn more about her mental capacity, her ability to understand the proceedings and the effect of an injury to her head she previously had suffered in an automobile accident. The magistrate continued the hearing until the psychological report could be completed.4 On January 22, 1991, as a result of [565]*565the court’s concerns about the mother’s mental capacity and competence, the court appointed counsel for the mother in the termination proceedings. In that same order, the court appointed a guardian ad litem to represent the interests of the two minor children. The hearing was resumed on March 14 for a final day of testimony. The court interviewed the children on March 20, and thereafter entered its findings, conclusions and order terminating the mother’s parental rights.

STANDARD OF REVIEW

On appeal, we will not disturb factual findings to terminate parental rights if the findings are supported by substantial, competent evidence. In re Aragon, 120 Idaho 606, 608, 818 P.2d 310, 312 (1991). When reviewing the decision of the trial court, the appellate court will draw all reasonable inferences in support of the court’s judgment. Id. However, the mother’s argument with regard to the court’s findings is rendered moot by the dispositive nature of the due process argument.

DUE PROCESS ARGUMENT

The mother asserts that she was entitled to notice of her right to counsel in the action to terminate her parental rights and that, because she was not afforded notice and the opportunity to request or reject court-appointed counsel, she was deprived of due process. Although the magistrate decided to appoint counsel to represent the mother following his order for a psychological examination of the mother, the mother claims that this action was inadequate to guarantee her a full and fair hearing.

The question of what due process protections apply in a proceeding to terminate a parent’s right to the companionship, care, custody and control of the children has been addressed in Idaho by statute. Idaho Code § 16-2009, which defines the requirements for a hearing in termination proceedings, specifically provides the parent with a right to appointed counsel:

The parent or guardian ad litem shall be notified as soon as practicable after the filing of a petition [for termination of parental rights] and prior to the start of a hearing of his [or her] right to have counsel, and if counsel is requested and the parent or guardian is financially unable to employ counsel, counsel shall be provided.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
850 P.2d 211, 123 Idaho 562, 1993 Ida. App. LEXIS 52, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-doe-idahoctapp-1993.