State v. Deters

517 So. 2d 1040, 1987 La. App. LEXIS 10387, 1987 WL 839
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedOctober 7, 1987
DocketNo. CR87-45
StatusPublished

This text of 517 So. 2d 1040 (State v. Deters) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Deters, 517 So. 2d 1040, 1987 La. App. LEXIS 10387, 1987 WL 839 (La. Ct. App. 1987).

Opinion

KNOLL, Judge.

The defendant, Jessie J. Deters, was charged with attempted aggravated rape, violations of LSA-R.S. 14:27 and 14:42. He was tried and convicted as charged by a unanimous twelve member jury. After his conviction the defendant was billed and found guilty of being an habitual offender, second, and sentenced to serve 99 years at hard labor with the Department of Corrections without eligibility for good time under the provisions of LSA-R.S. 15:571.3, to run consecutive to any other sentence. Defendant attacks his conviction and sentence raising the following assignments of error: (1) the trial court erred in denying defendant’s motion for mistrial when a law enforcement officer gave unsolicited testimony concerning other arrests of defendant; and (2) the sentence was constitutionally excessive. We affirm.

FACTS

On March 29, 1986, at approximately 10 p.m., Catherine Ellis, the victim, was driving her car toward Alexandria on U.S. Highway 165 (commonly known as the Lake Charles Highway). She stopped at a convenience store along the way to purchase gasoline. When she got back on the highway, she noticed a car following her with a flashing red light. She slowed down and the car continued to follow her. She eventually pulled off the road and the car following her pulled in behind her. The defendant, impersonating a law enforcement officer, approached her and told her a car resembling the one she was driving had been stolen and that he needed to see her vehicle registration papers. He told her to get the papers and to get in his car. When she got in defendant’s car, he attempted to rape her; he grabbed her by the neck and threatened her with a gun. She struggled and was finally able to get out of his vehicle and run to her car.

At the same time, State Trooper Lynn Anderson drove by and observed the struggle in the front seat of defendant’s car. He turned around and saw the woman run from defendant’s vehicle. Defendant’s vehicle pulled onto the highway at a high rate of speed and was pursued and stopped by Trooper Anderson. The victim drove up and told Trooper Anderson that the defendant tried to rape her. The defendant was arrested and several of the victim’s person[1042]*1042al effects were recovered from defendant’s car.

ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR ONE

Defendant’s first contention of error is that the trial court erred in refusing to grant a mistrial when Trooper Anderson, testifying on behalf of the State on direct examination, made an unsolicited response concerning other arrests of defendant. He argues that a mistrial should have been granted under LSA-C.Cr.P. Art. 771, since an admonition was insufficient.

Article 771 authorizes a trial court to grant a mistrial when a witness comments on other crimes alleged to have been committed by defendant if it is satisfied an admonition is insufficient to assure defendant a fair trial. Granting a mistrial is within the discretion of the trial court in situations not covered by LSA-C.Cr.P. Art. 770 and should only be used in those situations which might result in substantial prejudice to the defendant. State v. Burdgess, 434 So.2d 1062 (La.1983). A mistrial is a drastic remedy and, except in instances in which it is mandatory, is only warranted if substantial prejudice results which would deprive the defendant of a fair trial. State v. Allen, 431 So.2d 808 (La.App. 4th Cir.1983).

The unsolicited testimony consisted of mentioning two arrests related to the instant offense when Trooper Anderson stopped defendant. While Trooper Anderson was on direct examination by the State, he made the following unsolicited comment:

“Q . What felony charge did you arrest the accused on?
A. I charged Mr. Deters with attempted aggravated rape.
Q. All right. Thank you.
A. Possession of marijuana, speeding (Interruption)”
[Objection by defense counsel]

The trial court gave the following admonition to the jury:

“BY THE COURT: Ladies and gentlemen of the jury, the witness testifying just mentioned the fact that the defendant was arrested on a charge of aggravated rape and possession of marijuana. He is not being tried today on a charge of possession of marijuana. The remark by the officer should not have been made. It is irrelevant to these proceedings. You are admonished by the Court to ignore that remark. That remark is to have no part in your deliberations. In other words, if you can, erase it from your mind and pretend it was never said....”

Upon hearing the unsolicited answer of Trooper Anderson, defense counsel immediately objected and moved for a mistrial. The trial court denied the motion and properly admonished the jury to erase from their minds the comments that Trooper Anderson had made about other crimes. Clearly the State did not solicit the answer nor was the unsolicited answer embellished by the State. The defense counsel was quick to object and although the trial court overruled the objection, it thoroughly admonished the jury to disregard the comments. The trial court was in the best position to determine if the reference to other arrests was so prejudicial to defendant as to deny him a fair trial. We have carefully reviewed the record and find that the unsolicited answer was not so prejudicial as to require the drastic remedy of a mistrial. The trial court’s admonition to the jury was sufficient to cure any prejudicial effect if any existed. Therefore, this assignment is without merit.

ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR TWO

Defendant contends the trial court erred in imposing an unreasonable and excessive sentence. He argues that he was given the maximum sentence under the habitual offender statute and that he does not qualify for the maximum sentence under Louisiana jurisprudence.

The sentence for attempted aggravated rape is imprisonment at hard labor for not more than 50 years. LSA-R.S. 14:27 and 14:42. Since defendant was sentenced as a second offender under the Habitual Offender Law, LSA-R.S. 15:529.1, his possible exposure to incarceration was not less [1043]*1043than 16% years nor more than 100 years. In addition, defendant was not eligible for diminution of sentence for good behavior under the provisions of LSA-R.S. 15:571.3 C(l)(r), (2) and (3) which is mandatory.

Article I, Section 20 of the Louisiana Constitution prohibits the imposition by law of excessive punishment. For a sentence to be excessive, the penalty must be so disproportionate to the crime committed, in light of the harm caused to society, as to shock our sense of justice. State v. Campbell, 404 So.2d 1205 (La.1981); State v. Bonanno, 384 So.2d 355 (La.1980). The sentencing court is given wide discretion in imposing a sentence within statutory limits. State v. Square, 433 So.2d 104 (La.1983). A sentence may be within statutory limits and still be excessive. State v. Sepulvado, 367 So.2d 762 (La.1979). Maximum sentences are appropriately imposed in cases involving the most serious violations of the described offense, and the worst kind of offender. State v. Jones, 398 So.2d 1049 (La.1981). The sentencing choice will not be set aside as excessive in the absence of manifest abuse of discretion. State v. Landos, 419 So.2d 475 (La.1982).

In the instant case, the defendant was convicted of murder in Texas in 1973.

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Related

State v. Allen
431 So. 2d 808 (Louisiana Court of Appeal, 1983)
State v. Curtis
363 So. 2d 1375 (Supreme Court of Louisiana, 1978)
State v. Bonanno
384 So. 2d 355 (Supreme Court of Louisiana, 1980)
State v. Burdgess
434 So. 2d 1062 (Supreme Court of Louisiana, 1983)
State v. Jones
398 So. 2d 1049 (Supreme Court of Louisiana, 1981)
State v. Sepulvado
367 So. 2d 762 (Supreme Court of Louisiana, 1979)
State Ex Rel. Bickman v. Dees
367 So. 2d 283 (Supreme Court of Louisiana, 1978)
State v. Square
433 So. 2d 104 (Supreme Court of Louisiana, 1983)
State v. Lanclos
419 So. 2d 475 (Supreme Court of Louisiana, 1982)
State v. Campbell
404 So. 2d 1205 (Supreme Court of Louisiana, 1981)

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Bluebook (online)
517 So. 2d 1040, 1987 La. App. LEXIS 10387, 1987 WL 839, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-deters-lactapp-1987.