State v. Deaton, Inc.

355 So. 2d 378, 1978 Ala. Civ. App. LEXIS 835
CourtCourt of Civil Appeals of Alabama
DecidedJanuary 25, 1978
DocketCiv. 1230
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 355 So. 2d 378 (State v. Deaton, Inc.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Civil Appeals of Alabama primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Deaton, Inc., 355 So. 2d 378, 1978 Ala. Civ. App. LEXIS 835 (Ala. Ct. App. 1978).

Opinion

BRADLEY, Judge.

This case arose from an escape tax assessment levied by the director of revenue of Jefferson County against a number of trucks owned by Deaton, Inc. Deaton, Inc. [379]*379appealed the applicability of the escape tax assessments to the Circuit Court of Jefferson County.

Although Deaton initiated its appeal to the circuit court in 1969, the case was continued while the parties and the circuit court awaited the outcome of a companion case involving substantially the same issues as those involved in Deaton’s appeal. The companion case, State Department of Revenue v. Alabama Leasing Company, Ala., 336 So.2d 1353 (1976), was decided in July of 1976 and the Deaton litigation then proceeded. On August 25, 1976 Deaton filed a motion for summary judgment. The State filed two responses to Deaton’s motion and the State’s second response to the motion for summary judgment urged that the motion be denied for two reasons: (1) Title 51, section 704, Code of Alabama 1940 (Recomp. 1958) (currently found in Title 40, chapter 12, section 253, Code of Alabama 1975), which had been construed by the Alabama Supreme Court in Alabama Leasing Company to allow a corporate taxpayer the privilege of paying ad valorem taxes on its vehicles in any county provided such vehicles had substantial contact with the county of payment, violated Article XI, Section 217 of the Constitution of Alabama 1901; and (2) the term “substantial contact” used by the supreme court in Alabama Leasing Company was so vague and indefinite that section 704 was rendered unenforceable by the application of such a standard to it. The circuit court rendered a summary judgment in favor of Deaton on January 10, 1977 and from that judgment the State appeals.

In addition to the two issues raised in its response to Deaton’s motion for summary judgment in the proceeding below, the State of Alabama also asserts on appeal that the circuit court erred in granting Dea-ton’s motion for summary judgment.

The first issue for our consideration is the State’s contention that the supreme court’s interpretation of section 704 in Alabama Leasing Company violates the requirement of Section 217 of the Alabama Constitution mandating that the property of private corporations and individuals be taxed at the same rate. In support of this argument, the State maintains that the Alabama Leasing Company decision permits a corporation to assess its motor vehicles for taxation in any county with which those vehicles have substantial contact while the individual owner of a motor vehicle must assess his vehicle for taxes in the county of his residence. And on this basis, the State urges that this court hold section 704 (as construed in Alabama Leasing Company) unconstitutional and in violation of Article XI, Section 217 of the Constitution of Alabama 1901 which provides:

“The property of private corporations, associations, and individuals shall forever be taxed at the same rate.”

The appellate courts of this state are authorized by our constitution to interpret and construe Alabama law. And when the meaning of a tax statute is unclear, it is the duty of this court and the supreme court to resolve the ambiguity of language or uncertainty of meaning in favor of the taxpayer and against the taxing authority. Connrex Corporation v. Department of Revenue, 51 Ala.App. 420, 286 So.2d 296 (1973). Moreover, the court of civil appeals is without authority to overrule the decisions of the supreme court. Jones v. City of Huntsville, 288 Ala. 242, 259 So.2d 288 (1972).

The Supreme Court of Alabama held in Alabama Leasing Company that section 704 accorded a corporate taxpayer the privilege of paying ad valorem taxes on its vehicles in any county with which the vehicles have substantial contact and we are compelled to follow that decision in the present case.

We would further note that so far as we can determine, the constitutionality of section 704 (when considered in conjunction with Section 217 of the Alabama Constitution) was not presented to the supreme court for resolution in the Alabama Leasing Company case. Nonetheless, the constitutional argument raised by the State on its appeal to this court does not warrant a deviation from the supreme court’s holding in Alabama Leasing Company. We find no contradiction between the conclusion [380]*380reached in Alabama Leasing Company and the provision in our constitution requiring that corporations and individuals be taxed •at the same rate.

The constitutional section at issue in this case, Section 217, is merely a provision mandating that tax laws operate alike on all persons similarly situated or circumstanced. The language “taxed at the same rate” means uniformity in taxation. Uniformity of taxation requires that the tax have the same force and effect in every place where the subject of it is found. For example, a corporation that does business in a county to such an extent that the corporation can establish its right to rely on the “substantial contact” rule in the purchase of license tags for its trucks (and the payment of ad valorem taxes thereon) will pay the same rate of taxation in the county of “substantial contact” as does the individual resident of that county who buys his motor vehicle license there. Both the corporate and individual taxpayer pay the same rate of taxation and the tax has the same force and effect on both. Consequently, if the ad valorem tax rates which are established by the various counties treat the individual taxpayers who reside in the county in the same manner or on an equal basis as the corporate taxpayers having “substantial contact” with the county, Section 217 of the Alabama Constitution requiring that corporations and individuals be taxed at the same rate is complied with. We find no unconstitutional application of section 704 in the instant case.

The second issue presented for our consideration on this appeal concerns the State’s argument that the term “substantial contact” used by the supreme court in Alabama Leasing Company is so vague and indefinite that the State is incapable of discerning what is meant by the term in seeking to enforce escape tax assessments in instances where the requirements of section 704 are ignored. Consequently, the State asserts that the supreme court’s use of such language has in effect nullified the purpose of section 704 (which was to prevent motor vehicles from escaping taxation).

However, an attempt by this court to interpret the meaning of the “substantial contact” test adhered to by the supreme court in the Alabama Leasing Company case would constitute an unnecessary and undesirable interference with the authority of the supreme court to delineate the scope and nature of its own judicially created test. Moreover, should we in fact agree with the State that the term “substantial contact” is so vague and indefinite that section 704 is incapable of being enforced, we would in effect overrule the supreme court’s decision in Alabama Leasing Company. We have no such authority. Jones v. City of Huntsville, supra. Therefore we pretermit any consideration of this issue.

The final issue presented for review is based on the State’s claim that the trial court erred in granting Deaton’s motion for a summary judgment. Specifically, the State contends the court’s action was not in accordance with Rule 56, ARCP, requiring that a motion for summary judgment be denied if there is a genuine issue as to any material fact.

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

Burke v. State
385 So. 2d 643 (Court of Criminal Appeals of Alabama, 1979)
Gulf American Fire & Cas. Co. v. Azar
364 So. 2d 332 (Court of Civil Appeals of Alabama, 1978)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
355 So. 2d 378, 1978 Ala. Civ. App. LEXIS 835, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-deaton-inc-alacivapp-1978.