[Cite as State v. Dean, 2014-Ohio-2171.]
COURT OF APPEALS STARK COUNTY, OHIO FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
STATE OF OHIO JUDGES: Hon. William B. Hoffman, P.J. Plaintiff-Appellee Hon. John W. Wise, J. Hon. Craig R. Baldwin, J. -vs- Case No. 2013CA00198 BRADFORD DEAN
Defendant-Appellant OPINION
CHARACTER OF PROCEEDING: Appeal from the Stark County Court of Common Pleas, Case No. 2013CR0395
JUDGMENT: Affirmed
DATE OF JUDGMENT ENTRY: May 19, 2014
APPEARANCES:
For Plaintiff-Appellee For Defendant-Appellant
JOHN D. FERRERO FREDRICK PITINII Prosecuting Attorney 101 Central Plaza South, Ste. 1000 Stark County, Ohio Canton, Ohio 44702
By: KATHLEEN O. TATARSKY Assistant Prosecuting Attorney Appellate Section 110 Central Plaza, South - Suite 510 Canton, Ohio 44702-1413 Stark County, Case No. 2013CA00198 2
Hoffman, P.J.
{¶1} Defendant-appellant Bradford Dean appeals his sentence on one count of
sexual battery entered by the Stark County Court of Common Pleas. Plaintiff-appellee
is the state of Ohio.
STATEMENT OF THE CASE
{¶2} On April 25, 2013, Appellant was indicted on one count of sexual battery,
a felony of the third degree. Prior to the commencement of trial, the trial court agreed to
a plea deal including a two year sentence of incarceration. The offer was memorialized
on the record at a hearing before the trial court on July 5, 2013. Appellant indicated to
the trial court he understood the potential prison term for sexual battery as a one, two,
three, four or five year prison sentence with the potential of a Tier III sex offender
designation. The trial court stated on the record she was in no way indicating what her
sentence might be once she heard the facts of the case, but he certainly had the right to
a jury trial. Appellant rejected the plea offer.
{¶3} The matter proceeded to a jury trial on July 8, 2013. The jury trial ended
in a mistrial after the jury was unable to reach a verdict.
{¶4} Prior to the commencement of a second trial, the State entered into plea
negotiations with Appellant. During plea negotiations, the State offered to amend the
charge of sexual battery to a third degree felony of gross sexual imposition. The State
would then recommend a sentence of six months, and a Tier I sexual offender
classification. The trial court did not endorse the plea offer. Stark County, Case No. 2013CA00198 3
{¶5} Appellant again rejected the State's plea bargain. The trial court inquired
of Appellant if he understood the offer and the maximum penalty for sexual battery, to
which Appellant indicated he did understand the charges and potential penalties.
{¶6} A second jury trial commenced on September 11, 2013, with essentially
the same evidence as the first trial. Appellant was convicted of the sole count of sexual
battery. Following a sentencing hearing, the trial court sentenced Appellant to the
maximum prison term of five years incarceration.
{¶7} Appellant appeals, assigning as error:
{¶8} "I. THE TRIAL COURT DENIED THE APPELLANT DUE PROCESS
WHEN IT IMPOSED A SENTENCE PUNISHING HIM FOR EXERCISING HIS RIGHT
TO A JURY TRIAL.
{¶9} "II. THE TRIAL COURT ERRED WHEN IT SENTENCED APPELLANT TO
THE MAXIMUM PRISON TERM."
I.
{¶10} Appellant maintains the trial court imposed a sentence punishing him for
exercising his right to a jury trial.
{¶11} A trial court may not punish a defendant who exercises his or her right to a
trial. State v. O'Dell (1989), 45 Ohio St.3d 140. A trial court must avoid creating the
appearance it enhanced a defendant's sentence because he elected to go to trial. State
v. Morris, 159 Ohio App.3d 775, 2005-Ohio-962. Impropriety will not be presumed by
the mere fact the sentence imposed after trial is greater than the sentence offered by
the state at plea negotiations. State v. Mayles, 7th Dist. No. 04CA808, 2005-Ohio-1346.
{¶12} At sentencing herein, the trial court stated: Stark County, Case No. 2013CA00198 4
{¶13} "I. THE COURT: Very well. The Court has sat through the trial twice. I'm
going to say preliminarily for purposes of the record based upon recent court of appeals
decisions that although I sat through those trials and I am aware of what the plea
negotiations were in advance of trial that the Court's sentence in this matter is in no way
reflective of a punishment of the Defendant because he elected to go to trial. That is
not what this is about.
{¶14} "The Court's sentence is based upon the evidence and the facts that were
presented at trial. What I observed in terms of witnesses, also based upon the
Defendant's criminal history in this matter, and the Court takes note that Mr. Dean has
abused his position and role with a child, one of the most precious things that as a
parent or a community that we are entrusted with to protect and to keep safe.
{¶15} "And it's reprehensible to the Court that you would abuse this position
where parents and children have trusted you with that. And for that reason, it will be the
sentence of this Court that you serve five years in an appropriate state correctional
facility."
{¶16} Tr. at 78-79.
{¶17} Upon review, we find the trial court articulated its rationale for the five year
sentence. The trial court did not endorse the State's second offer following the first trial.
The court's first endorsed offer occurred prior to hearing the witnesses and evidence
presented at the first trial. The trial court had discretion to impose a greater sentence
after hearing the testimony and evidence. Accordingly, we find the trial court did not
punish Appellant for exercising his right to a jury trial.
{¶18} The first assignment of error is overruled. Stark County, Case No. 2013CA00198 5
II.
{¶19} In the second assignment of error, Appellant argues the trial court erred in
sentencing him to the maximum prison sentence herein.
{¶20} In State v. Kalish, 120 Ohio St.3d 23, 2008–Ohio–4912, 896 N.E.2d 124,
the Ohio Supreme Court reviewed its decision in State v. Foster, 109 Ohio St.3d 1,
2006–Ohio–856, 845 N.E.2d 470, as it relates to the remaining sentencing statutes and
appellate review of felony sentencing. The Court stated that, in Foster, the Ohio
Supreme Court severed the judicial fact-finding portions of R.C. 2929.14 holding that
“trial courts have full discretion to impose a prison sentence within the statutory range
and are no longer required to make findings or give their reasons for imposing
maximum, consecutive, or more than the minimum sentences. Kalish, 120 Ohio St.3d at
123. “Thus a record after Foster may be silent as to the judicial findings that appellate
courts were originally meant to review under 2953.08(G)(2) .” Id. However, although
Foster eliminated mandatory judicial fact-finding, it left intact R.C. 2929.11 and R.C.
2929.12 and the trial court must still consider these statutes. Id. Accordingly, “an
appellate court remains precluded from using an abuse-of-discretion standard of review
when initially reviewing a defendant's sentence” and must instead “ensure that the trial
court has adhered to all applicable rules and statutes in imposing the sentence. As a
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[Cite as State v. Dean, 2014-Ohio-2171.]
COURT OF APPEALS STARK COUNTY, OHIO FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
STATE OF OHIO JUDGES: Hon. William B. Hoffman, P.J. Plaintiff-Appellee Hon. John W. Wise, J. Hon. Craig R. Baldwin, J. -vs- Case No. 2013CA00198 BRADFORD DEAN
Defendant-Appellant OPINION
CHARACTER OF PROCEEDING: Appeal from the Stark County Court of Common Pleas, Case No. 2013CR0395
JUDGMENT: Affirmed
DATE OF JUDGMENT ENTRY: May 19, 2014
APPEARANCES:
For Plaintiff-Appellee For Defendant-Appellant
JOHN D. FERRERO FREDRICK PITINII Prosecuting Attorney 101 Central Plaza South, Ste. 1000 Stark County, Ohio Canton, Ohio 44702
By: KATHLEEN O. TATARSKY Assistant Prosecuting Attorney Appellate Section 110 Central Plaza, South - Suite 510 Canton, Ohio 44702-1413 Stark County, Case No. 2013CA00198 2
Hoffman, P.J.
{¶1} Defendant-appellant Bradford Dean appeals his sentence on one count of
sexual battery entered by the Stark County Court of Common Pleas. Plaintiff-appellee
is the state of Ohio.
STATEMENT OF THE CASE
{¶2} On April 25, 2013, Appellant was indicted on one count of sexual battery,
a felony of the third degree. Prior to the commencement of trial, the trial court agreed to
a plea deal including a two year sentence of incarceration. The offer was memorialized
on the record at a hearing before the trial court on July 5, 2013. Appellant indicated to
the trial court he understood the potential prison term for sexual battery as a one, two,
three, four or five year prison sentence with the potential of a Tier III sex offender
designation. The trial court stated on the record she was in no way indicating what her
sentence might be once she heard the facts of the case, but he certainly had the right to
a jury trial. Appellant rejected the plea offer.
{¶3} The matter proceeded to a jury trial on July 8, 2013. The jury trial ended
in a mistrial after the jury was unable to reach a verdict.
{¶4} Prior to the commencement of a second trial, the State entered into plea
negotiations with Appellant. During plea negotiations, the State offered to amend the
charge of sexual battery to a third degree felony of gross sexual imposition. The State
would then recommend a sentence of six months, and a Tier I sexual offender
classification. The trial court did not endorse the plea offer. Stark County, Case No. 2013CA00198 3
{¶5} Appellant again rejected the State's plea bargain. The trial court inquired
of Appellant if he understood the offer and the maximum penalty for sexual battery, to
which Appellant indicated he did understand the charges and potential penalties.
{¶6} A second jury trial commenced on September 11, 2013, with essentially
the same evidence as the first trial. Appellant was convicted of the sole count of sexual
battery. Following a sentencing hearing, the trial court sentenced Appellant to the
maximum prison term of five years incarceration.
{¶7} Appellant appeals, assigning as error:
{¶8} "I. THE TRIAL COURT DENIED THE APPELLANT DUE PROCESS
WHEN IT IMPOSED A SENTENCE PUNISHING HIM FOR EXERCISING HIS RIGHT
TO A JURY TRIAL.
{¶9} "II. THE TRIAL COURT ERRED WHEN IT SENTENCED APPELLANT TO
THE MAXIMUM PRISON TERM."
I.
{¶10} Appellant maintains the trial court imposed a sentence punishing him for
exercising his right to a jury trial.
{¶11} A trial court may not punish a defendant who exercises his or her right to a
trial. State v. O'Dell (1989), 45 Ohio St.3d 140. A trial court must avoid creating the
appearance it enhanced a defendant's sentence because he elected to go to trial. State
v. Morris, 159 Ohio App.3d 775, 2005-Ohio-962. Impropriety will not be presumed by
the mere fact the sentence imposed after trial is greater than the sentence offered by
the state at plea negotiations. State v. Mayles, 7th Dist. No. 04CA808, 2005-Ohio-1346.
{¶12} At sentencing herein, the trial court stated: Stark County, Case No. 2013CA00198 4
{¶13} "I. THE COURT: Very well. The Court has sat through the trial twice. I'm
going to say preliminarily for purposes of the record based upon recent court of appeals
decisions that although I sat through those trials and I am aware of what the plea
negotiations were in advance of trial that the Court's sentence in this matter is in no way
reflective of a punishment of the Defendant because he elected to go to trial. That is
not what this is about.
{¶14} "The Court's sentence is based upon the evidence and the facts that were
presented at trial. What I observed in terms of witnesses, also based upon the
Defendant's criminal history in this matter, and the Court takes note that Mr. Dean has
abused his position and role with a child, one of the most precious things that as a
parent or a community that we are entrusted with to protect and to keep safe.
{¶15} "And it's reprehensible to the Court that you would abuse this position
where parents and children have trusted you with that. And for that reason, it will be the
sentence of this Court that you serve five years in an appropriate state correctional
facility."
{¶16} Tr. at 78-79.
{¶17} Upon review, we find the trial court articulated its rationale for the five year
sentence. The trial court did not endorse the State's second offer following the first trial.
The court's first endorsed offer occurred prior to hearing the witnesses and evidence
presented at the first trial. The trial court had discretion to impose a greater sentence
after hearing the testimony and evidence. Accordingly, we find the trial court did not
punish Appellant for exercising his right to a jury trial.
{¶18} The first assignment of error is overruled. Stark County, Case No. 2013CA00198 5
II.
{¶19} In the second assignment of error, Appellant argues the trial court erred in
sentencing him to the maximum prison sentence herein.
{¶20} In State v. Kalish, 120 Ohio St.3d 23, 2008–Ohio–4912, 896 N.E.2d 124,
the Ohio Supreme Court reviewed its decision in State v. Foster, 109 Ohio St.3d 1,
2006–Ohio–856, 845 N.E.2d 470, as it relates to the remaining sentencing statutes and
appellate review of felony sentencing. The Court stated that, in Foster, the Ohio
Supreme Court severed the judicial fact-finding portions of R.C. 2929.14 holding that
“trial courts have full discretion to impose a prison sentence within the statutory range
and are no longer required to make findings or give their reasons for imposing
maximum, consecutive, or more than the minimum sentences. Kalish, 120 Ohio St.3d at
123. “Thus a record after Foster may be silent as to the judicial findings that appellate
courts were originally meant to review under 2953.08(G)(2) .” Id. However, although
Foster eliminated mandatory judicial fact-finding, it left intact R.C. 2929.11 and R.C.
2929.12 and the trial court must still consider these statutes. Id. Accordingly, “an
appellate court remains precluded from using an abuse-of-discretion standard of review
when initially reviewing a defendant's sentence” and must instead “ensure that the trial
court has adhered to all applicable rules and statutes in imposing the sentence. As a
purely legal question, this is subject to review only to determine whether it is clearly and
convincingly contrary to law, the standard found in R.C. 2953.08(G).” Id.
{¶21} When reviewing a felony sentence, an appellate court must first review the
sentence to ensure the sentencing court clearly and convincingly complied with the
applicable laws. Id. A trial court's sentence would be contrary to law if, for example, it Stark County, Case No. 2013CA00198 6
were outside the statutory range, in contravention to a statute, or decided pursuant to
an unconstitutional statute. Id. In Kalish, the Supreme Court held the trial court's
decision was not contrary to law when the trial court expressly stated it considered the
purposes and principles of R.C. 2929.11, the factors listed in R.C. 2929.12, properly
applied post-release control, and the sentence was within the permissible range. Kalish
at ¶ 18.
{¶22} If this inquiry is satisfied, an appellate court then reviews the trial court's
sentencing decision for abuse of discretion. Id. In order to find an abuse of discretion,
we must determine the trial court's decision was unreasonable, arbitrary, or
unconscionable and not merely an error of law or judgment. Blakemore v. Blakemore, 5
Ohio St.3d 217, 450 N.E.2d 1140 (1983).
{¶23} Here, Appellant's sentence is within the statutory range for a third degree
felony. We find the trial court did not abuse its discretion in sentencing Appellant to the
maximum prison term based upon his criminal history and the facts demonstrated in the
record.
{¶24} The second assignment of error is overruled. Stark County, Case No. 2013CA00198 7
{¶25} Appellant's sentence in the Stark County Court of Common Pleas is
affirmed.
By: Hoffman, P.J.
Wise, J. and
Baldwin, J. concur