State v. Curtis

738 So. 2d 657, 1999 WL 346198
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedJune 1, 1999
Docket98-KA-1283
StatusPublished
Cited by8 cases

This text of 738 So. 2d 657 (State v. Curtis) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Curtis, 738 So. 2d 657, 1999 WL 346198 (La. Ct. App. 1999).

Opinion

738 So.2d 657 (1999)

STATE of Louisiana
v.
Willie F. CURTIS.

No. 98-KA-1283.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Fifth Circuit.

June 1, 1999.

*658 Thomas M. Calogero, New Orleans, Louisiana, Attorney for Appellant Willie F. Curtis.

Paul D. Connick, Jr., District Attorney, Rebecca J. Becker—Counsel of Record on Appeal, Terry Boudreaux, David P. Wolff, Assistant District Attorneys, Gretna, Louisiana, Attorneys for Appellee State Of Louisiana.

Panel composed of Judges EDWARD A. DUFRESNE, JAMES L. CANNELLA and SUSAN M. CHEHARDY.

CANNELLA, Judge.

Defendant, Willie F. Curtis, appeals from his conviction of possession of cocaine with intent to distribute. We affirm and remand.

On December 19, 1997, defendant was charged with one count of possession of cocaine, a violation of La. R.S. 40:967(C). He pled not guilty on January 5, 1998. On April 13, 1998, the State amended the Bill of Information to possession of cocaine with the intent to distribute, a violation of La. R.S. 40:967(A). On March 10, 1998, defendant filed a motion to suppress the cocaine.[1] The motion was denied following a hearing on May 5, 1998.

*659 Thereafter, on June 4, 1998, defendant withdrew his prior plea of not guilty, pled guilty to the amended charge, was advised of his constitutional rights and executed a "Waiver Of Constitutional Rights And Plea Of Guilty" form. Defendant reserved his right to appeal the denial of his suppression motion pursuant to State v. Crosby, 338 So.2d 584 (La.1976). Defendant was sentenced to serve 20 years imprisonment at hard labor, to run concurrent with a sentence which defendant was already serving in district court case number 97-7875.[2]

On June 25, 1998, the district attorney filed an habitual offender bill of information against the defendant, alleging that he was a second felony offender. Pursuant to the plea agreement for the cocaine charge, defendant admitted the allegations contained in the habitual offender bill of information. Defendant was advised of his rights and signed a waiver of constitutional rights form. The trial judge then vacated defendant's original sentence and imposed an enhanced sentence of 20 years imprisonment at hard labor, to be served concurrently with the sentence defendant was serving in 97-7875.

The evidence shows that on December 8, 1997, at approximately 11:57 p.m., Jefferson Parish Sheriffs Officers Jody Fruchtnicht and Brian Schuyler, stopped on Jefferson Highway a vehicle driven by defendant because the vehicle did not have a brake tag. Jamar Daniels occupied the front passenger seat of the car. Officer Fruchtnicht approached the vehicle on the driver's side, Officer Schuyler approached on the passenger's side. Officer Fruchtnicht ordered defendant and Daniels to exit the vehicle because it was an area known as both a high-crime and drug area. The defendant quickly exited the vehicle and met Officer Fruchtnicht at the rear of said vehicle. Daniels did not immediately get out of the car, so Officer Schuyler told Daniels again to exit the vehicle. As he walked to the passenger side, Officer Schuyler shone his flashlight into the vehicle during the time that Daniels was exiting the car, so that he could see Daniels' hands. Officer Schuyler testified that anytime someone is getting out of their car while he is standing next to the vehicle, he uses his flashlight to watch the person's hands for his own safety. Officer Fruchtnicht testified that Officer Schuyler advised him that "there was possible narcotics in the vehicle that he [Officer Schuyler] could visually see at the time." (R., pp. 24, 29, 37). After the officers saw the narcotics in the vehicle, defendant and Daniels were arrested, handcuffed and placed in the back seat of the police car. The narcotics were seized. The officers then seized a handgun which had been placed between the driver's seat and the center console.

On appeal, defendant asserts that the trial court erred in denying the warrantless search of the passenger compartment of the vehicle which he was operating. He contends that Officer Schuyler conducted an illegal search of his vehicle because the officer used a flashlight to illuminate the passenger side of the interior compartment of the defendant's vehicle. He argues that he was stopped for not having a brake tag and a search of the vehicle could not have provided any additional evidence relative to the traffic violation. Defendant cites Knowles v. Iowa, *660 525 U.S. 113, 119 S.Ct. 484, 142 L.Ed.2d 492 (1998), in support of his arguments.

The State responds that the trial judge's denial of the motion to suppress was correct because the drugs were in plain view. It argues that the officers made a legal stop of the defendant's vehicle because the defendant committed a traffic violation and once defendant's vehicle was stopped, the officers were justified in ordering both the defendant and Daniels from the vehicle for officer safety. The State argues further that it was reasonable for the officer to use his flashlight to watch Daniels' hands as he exited the vehicle because the stop occurred near midnight in an area known for high crime and drug trafficking and, unlike defendant, Daniels did not immediately exit the vehicle.

The United States Constitution and the Louisiana Constitution prohibit unreasonable searches and seizures. U.S. Const. amend. IV; La. Const. of 1974, art. 1, § 5. La.C.Cr.P. art. 215.1(A) provides as follows:

A. A law enforcement officer may stop a person in a public place whom he reasonably suspects is committing, has committed, or is about to commit an offense and may demand of him his name, address, and an explanation of his actions.

In the present case, the officers observed the defendant driving a vehicle without an inspection sticker (brake tag), in violation of La.R.S. 32:53(D). In State v. Richards, 97-1182 (La.App. 5th Cir. 4/15/98), 713 So.2d 514, 517, writ denied, 98-1452 (La.10/9/98), 726 So.2d 27, this Court stated that "[i]n general, the decision to stop an automobile is reasonable where the police have probable cause to believe that a traffic violation has occurred." Therefore, the police, who had probable cause to believe that the defendant was driving a vehicle that did not bear an inspection sticker, acted reasonably in stopping the defendant. Furthermore, the officers had the authority to order both men out of the vehicle pending the completion of the traffic stop. State v. Richards, 713 So.2d at 517; Maryland v. Wilson, 519 U.S. 408, 117 S.Ct. 882, 886, 137 L.Ed.2d 41 (1997).

The "plain view" doctrine permits a warrantless search if three requirements are met. In Texas v. Brown, 460 U.S. 730, 736-739, 103 S.Ct. 1535, 1540-1541, 75 L.Ed.2d 502 (1983), the United States Supreme Court discussed the "plain view" doctrine as follows:

... In the Coolidge plurality's view, the "plain view" doctrine permits the warrantless seizure by police of private possessions where three requirements are satisfied. First, the police officer must lawfully make an "initial intrusion" or otherwise properly be in a position from which he can view a particular area. Id., at 465-468, 91 S.Ct., at 2037-2039.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
738 So. 2d 657, 1999 WL 346198, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-curtis-lactapp-1999.