State v. Currie

308 P.3d 1289, 49 Kan. App. 2d 499, 2013 WL 5423052, 2013 Kan. App. LEXIS 86
CourtCourt of Appeals of Kansas
DecidedSeptember 27, 2013
DocketNo. 108,612
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 308 P.3d 1289 (State v. Currie) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Kansas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Currie, 308 P.3d 1289, 49 Kan. App. 2d 499, 2013 WL 5423052, 2013 Kan. App. LEXIS 86 (kanctapp 2013).

Opinion

Arnold-Burger, P.J.:

Cleophus C. Currie appeals his sentence, arguing that the sentencing court erred by misinterpreting K.S.A. 2012 Supp. 21-6804(p), finding that the statute prevented the court from granting probation in Currie’s case. The State concedes that the statute allows probation, but the State asserts that because Currie was given a presumptive sentence, this court does not have jurisdiction to hear this appeal. We find that because the court misinterpreted its authority in the case by denying probation on the sole basis that it believed such action was not allowed by the statute, we have jurisdiction to hear the appeal. Furthermore, we find that K.S.A. 2012 Supp. 21-6804(p) does allow the district court to enter a departure sentence. Accordingly, we vacate Cur-rie’s sentence and remand the case for resentencing.

Factual and Procedural History

In three cases, Currie pleaded guilty to one count of burglaiy, one count of criminal damage to property, one count of misdemeanor possession of drug paraphernalia, one count of identity theft, two counts of forgeiy, and three counts of felony theft.

Currie had five previous theft convictions and five previous burglary convictions. The parties were aware that because of Currie’s previous theft and burglary convictions, the special rule under K.S.A. 2012 Supp. 21-6804(p) applied. According to the rule, imprisonment is presumed. Both parties were aware that tire sentencing judge would interpret the rule to preclude probation.

At sentencing, the State recommended prison. Defense counsel argued that K.S.A. 2012 Supp. 21-6804(p) did not preclude a probation sentence. The sentencing court disagreed with defense counsel and imposed a presumptive 21-month prison sentence.

Currie filed a timely notice of appeal.

Analysis

Currie contends that the sentencing court misinterpreted K.S.A. 2012 Supp. 21-6804(p) when it held that the statute precluded it from departing from the presumptive prison sentence. The State argues that this court does not have jurisdiction to decide this appeal because Currie was sentenced to a presumptive prison term. [501]*501However, tire State concedes that if this court does have jurisdiction, then K.S.A. 2012 Supp. 21-6804(p) does not preclude a sentencing court from granting a dispositional departure.

We have jurisdiction over this appeal even though Currie's crimes called for the presumptive sentence he was given.

The sentencing judge stated the following at the sentencing hearing:

“This is the difficulty I have. It says the presumption is prison, which, under most interpretations, when it says the presumption is prison, you can go forward, and then there’s a departure. But there is additional language that says, ‘and the sentence shall be prison.’ And for me to interpret that in any other way, other than I can’t depart, would make that language surplusage. I’ve done opinions on this in two or three other cases, and I incorporate those opinions by references and reserve the right to supplement that.
“But the Court finds that, as a matter of law, I cannot depart, other than by making the findings provided for in the statute. That will be the order of the Court.”

The State first contends that this court does not have jurisdiction because Currie’s sentence is a presumptive sentence and both K.S.A. 2012 Supp. 21-6820(c)(l) and K.S.A. 2012 Supp. 21-6804(p) preclude a defendant from appealing a presumptive sentence. Whether jurisdiction exists is a question of law over which this court’s scope of review is unlimited. State v. Ellmaker, 289 Kan. 1132, 1147, 221 P.3d 1105 (2009). The State’s jurisdiction argument was recently addressed and rejected in State v. Warren, 297 Kan. 881, 304 P.3d 1288 (2013). In Warren, our Supreme Court stated the following:

“Under K.S.A. 21-4721(c)(l) [now K.S.A. 2012 Supp. 21-6820(c)(l)], Kansas appellate courts do not have jurisdiction to hear the appeal of a presumptive criminal sentence. But when a district court misinteiprets its own statutory authority and explicitly refuses to consider a defendant’s request for a discretionary, nonpresumptive sentence that tire district court has statutory authority to consider, the appellate court may take up the limited question of whether the district court properly interpreted the sentencing statute.” Warren, 297 Kan. 881, Syl. ¶ 1.

Therefore, this court does have jurisdiction because Currie is arguing that the sentencing court misinterpreted K.S.A. 2012 Supp. 21-6804(p) when it ruled that the statute did not provide [502]*502the sentencing court with the authority to grant a dispositional departure.

We examine the court’s authority to grant a dispositional departure under KS.A. 2012 Supp. 21-6804(p).

According to K.S.A. 2012 Supp. 21-6804(p), when a defendant is being sentenced on a felony theft charge and has three or more prior felony convictions for certain designated theft and or burglary crimes, the sentence

“shall be presumed imprisonment and the defendant shall be sentenced to prison as provided by this section, except that tire court may recommend that an offender be placed in the custody of the secretary of corrections, in a facility designated by the secretary to participate in an intensive substance abuse treatment program.” (Emphasis added.)

The question presented is whether this language precludes the grant of probation. Both the State and Currie agree that the court retains the authority to grant a dispositional departure of probation. In fact, the State presents no argument to the contrary. Nevertheless, we will address the merits of Currie’s claim.

Our review is unlimited over issues of statutory interpretation. State v. Jolly, 291 Kan. 842, 845-46, 249 P.3d 421 (2011). In interpreting a statute, the intent of the legislature governs if such intent can be ascertained. In examining the statue we consider the language employed, giving ordinary words their ordinaiy meaning.

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Related

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Court of Appeals of Kansas, 2019
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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
308 P.3d 1289, 49 Kan. App. 2d 499, 2013 WL 5423052, 2013 Kan. App. LEXIS 86, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-currie-kanctapp-2013.