State v. Craig

747 So. 2d 604, 1999 La. App. LEXIS 2337, 1999 WL 624264
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedAugust 18, 1999
DocketNo. 32,209-KA
StatusPublished
Cited by8 cases

This text of 747 So. 2d 604 (State v. Craig) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Craig, 747 So. 2d 604, 1999 La. App. LEXIS 2337, 1999 WL 624264 (La. Ct. App. 1999).

Opinion

[.BROWN, J„

Defendant, Paul V. Craig, was convicted by a jury of simple burglary and sentenced as a third felony offender to 12 years at hard labor. We affirm.

DISCUSSION

Sufficiency of Evidence

The Fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution provides that no person shall be “deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law.” The Fourteenth Amendment imposes the same due process requirement on the states. Implicit in the due process clause is the protection of an accused against conviction except upon proof beyond a reasonable doubt of every fact necessary to constitute the crime with which he is charged. Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U.S. 307, 99 S.Ct. 2781, 61 L.Ed.2d 560 (1979); In re Winship, 397 U.S. 358, 90 S.Ct. 1068, 25 L.Ed.2d 368 (1970); State v. Goodjoint, 30,727 (La.App.2d Cir.06/24/98), 716 So.2d 139. Thus, an accused is entitled to an appellate review of the evidence to the extent that it supports a finding of guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. Jackson v. Virginia, supra; State v. Bosley, 29,253 (La.App.2d Cir.04/02/97), 691 So.2d 347, writ denied, 97-1203 (La.10/17/97), 701 So.2d 1333.

The proper standard of appellate review for a sufficiency of evidence claim is whether, after viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the prosecution, a rational trier of fact could have found the essential elements of the crime proven beyond a reasonable doubt. La.C.Cr.P. art. 821. Jackson v. Virginia, supra; State v. Goodjoint, supra; State v. Bellamy, 599 So.2d 326 (La.App. 2d Cir.1992), writ denied, 605 So.2d 1089 (La.1992).

I. Defendant argues that the evidence did not prove that he was the perpetrator of the offense.

On July 27, 1995, at approximately 10:00 p.m., Mark Thomas and Steve Shipp apprehended defendant while he was inside the cab of Thomas’s truck in the parking lot of the Seasons Apartments in Shreveport. Defendant was leaning |2under the dash, apparently attempting to hotwire the vehicle. Using a cordless telephone the victim called the police. Defendant then told Officer Smith, who responded to the call, that someone, whom he would not identify, had brought him to the location to collect money from Thomas. Defendant further stated that Thomas denied owing any money so defendant attempted to take the truck as an “act as for hire.”

The next day, defendant told Detective Jones of the Shreveport Police Department that he went to Thomas’s apartment to obtain money for a debt or to inflict bodily harm on Thomas if the debt was not paid. Defendant further stated that be[606]*606cause Thomas did not pay, he attempted to take Thomas’s truck.

The defense chose not to present any evidence. Defendant was identified by Shipp, Thomas and Officer Smith as the person who was apprehended on the night in question. This testimony is clearly sufficient to establish that defendant was the perpetrator of the offense.

II. Defendant claims that the evidence proved only an attempted theft.

Theft is the misappropriation or taking of anything of value which belongs to another, without their consent and with the intent to permanently deprive the other of that thing. La. R.S. 14:67.

The general attempt provision of the criminal code, La. R.S. 14:27, embraces the attempt to commit any crime, whether felony or misdemeanor. One purpose is to punish actors who, as in this case, are apprehended before they complete the crime. For a defendant to be guilty of an attempt, the prosecution has to prove a “specific intent” to commit a crime and an “overt act” directed toward that end.

| c¡A violation of La. R.S. 14:62, simple burglary, occurs when a person enters into a structure (a vehicle is explicitly included) without authority and with the specific intent to commit a felony or theft therein. State v. Robinson, 29,488 (La. App.2d Cir.06/18/97), 697 So.2d 607; State v. Mitchell, 96-207 (La.App. 3d Cir.10/09/96), 684 So.2d 6. Simple burglary has substantial inchoate or incomplete elements, i.e., an unauthorized entering of a vehicle with the intent to commit a theft therein. If the intent is present, an actual theft does not have to be consummated. In this respect, simple burglary is also an attempted theft.

In the instant case, defendant broke into a truck without permission with the intent to steal it. He was caught inside the truck. Under simple burglary, defendant faced a maximum penalty of 12 years regardless of the value of the vehicle. Defendant alleges that the truck was worth less than $500. The maximum penalty for a theft with the value under $500 is two years. An attempt would be one/half of that or one year. The habitual offender law increased the exposure to not less than two-thirds nor more than twice the maximum term. La. R.S. 15:529.1.

Whether an actor is charged with attempted theft or simple burglary is within the discretion of the prosecuting authority. That the prosecution could have chosen to charge defendant with attempted theft is of no moment. It is not unusual that an accused’s conduct falls within the definition of more than one criminal statute with significant differences in penalties. The district attorney has the sole discretion to choose under which law he will prosecute. See United States v. Batchelder, 442 U.S. 114, 99 S.Ct. 2198, 60 L.Ed.2d 755 (1979); La. R.S. 14:4; La. C.Cr.P. art. 61; State v. Walters, 440 So.2d 115 (La.1983); State v. Flores, 27,736 (La. App.2d Cir.02/28/96), 669 So.2d 646.

Defendant further argues that he could not have committed a simple burglary because the evidence only showed that he was trying to steal the vehicle, |4not commit a felony or theft “therein.” While defendant poses an interesting question, i.e., whether the theft or attempted theft of an entire movable constitutes a theft therein, the fact remains that if someone is inside a vehicle attempting to steal that vehicle, his intent is to commit a theft therein, not only of the contents but of the vehicle itself. See State v. Augustus, 93-406 (La.App. 5th Cir.02/23/94), 633 So.2d 783; State v. Pierce, 450 So.2d 730 (La. App. 5th Cir.1984).

Motion for Mistrial

Defendant contends that the trial court should have granted a mistrial when Officer Smith insinuated that defendant normally wears jail clothes. During the trial, the following colloquy occurred between the prosecutor and Officer Smith:

[607]*607Q. Officer, now that you’ve had a better look at Mr. Craig, how do you feel about your identification today?
A. It’s definitely the person that was in the vehicle.
Q. Okay. And why is it that you’re more sure today than you were yesterday?
A. Well, because as I was seated in the courtroom and Mr. Craig walked in in a different attire than what the regular issued clothing that he has worn from the past—

Defendant objected to the testimony and moved for a mistrial. The trial court found that a mistrial was not warranted.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
747 So. 2d 604, 1999 La. App. LEXIS 2337, 1999 WL 624264, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-craig-lactapp-1999.