State v. Cortez

2016 Ohio 768

• Court: Ohio Court of Appeals
• Decided: February 26, 2016
• Docket: 15-CA055
• Status: Published

Opinion

[Cite as State v. Cortez, 2016-Ohio-768.]

COURT OF APPEALS LICKING COUNTY, OHIO FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT

STATE OF OHIO : JUDGES: : Hon. Sheila G. Farmer, P.J. Plaintiff-Appellee : Hon. W. Scott Gwin, J. : Hon. Patricia A. Delaney, J. -vs- : : JOHN F. CORTEZ : Case No. 15-CA-55 : Defendant-Appellant : OPINION

CHARACTER OF PROCEEDING: Appeal from the Court of Common Pleas, 2007-CR-00751

JUDGMENT: Affirmed

DATE OF JUDGMENT: February 26, 2016

APPEARANCES:

For Plaintiff-Appellee For Defendant-Appellant

KENNETH W. OSWALT JOHN F. CORTEZ, Pro Se 20 South Second Street Inmate No. 596-827 4th Floor C.C.I. Newark, OH 43055 P.O. Box 5500 Chillicothe, OH 45601 LIcking County, Case No. 15-CA-55 2

Farmer, P.J.

{¶1} On January 9, 2009, appellant, John Cortez, pled guilty to twenty-three

counts of unlawful sexual conduct with a minor in violation of R.C. 2907.04, third degree

felonies, and one count of corrupting another with drugs in violation of R.C. 2925.02, a

second degree felony. By judgment entry filed same date, the trial court sentenced

appellant to an aggregate term of sixteen years in prison. An appeal was not filed.

{¶2} On August 5, 2013, appellant filed a motion to present plain errors pursuant

to Crim.R. 52(B), arguing in part the ineffective assistance of counsel, coercion to plead

guilty, and sentencing errors. By judgment entry filed November 22, 2013, the trial court

denied the motion, finding in part the motion was a petition for postconviction relief and

was therefore untimely and was barred by the doctrine of res judicata. This decision was

affirmed on appeal. State v. Cortez, 5th Dist. Licking No. 13-CA-121, 2014-Ohio-3814.

{¶3} On December 5, 2014, appellant filed a motion for resentencing, arguing

his sentence was void because the trial court failed to notify him that his failure to pay

court costs could subject him to community service, and the trial court failed to impose

post-release control on each separate count. By judgment entry filed July 1, 2015, the

trial court denied the motion, finding in part the motion was a petition for postconviction

relief and was therefore untimely, and the failure to impose post-release control on each

separate count did not have any "practical effect."

{¶4} Appellant filed an appeal and this matter is now before this court for

consideration. Assignments of error are as follows:

I LIcking County, Case No. 15-CA-55 3

{¶5} "THE TRIAL COURT ERRED AS A MATTER OF LAW, AND ABUSED IT'S

(SIC) DISCRETION WHEN IT REFUSED TO COMPLY WITH THE STATUTORY

REQUIREMENTS TO RE-SENTENCE APPELLANT MR. CORTEZ, PURSUANT TO

R.C. 2947.23(A)(1)(a), WHEN THE TRIAL COURT FAILED TO "NOTIFY" APPELLANT

AT THE SENTENCING HEARING DATED AND ENTERED ON JANUARY 9TH, 2009

THAT HIS FAILURE TO PAY "ALL COSTS OF PROSECUTION AND COURT COSTS

IN THIS ACTION, AND PAY COURT-APPOINTED COUNSEL COSTS AND ANY FEES"

COULD RESULT IN THE COURT "ORDERING" APPELLANT TO PERFORM

COMMUNITY SERVICE UNTIL THE JUDGMENT IS PAID OR, UNTIL THE COURT IS

SATISFIED THAT THE APPELLANT IS IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE APPROVED

SCHEDULE."

II

{¶6} "THE TRIAL COURT ERRED AS A MATTER OF LAW, AND ABUSED IT'S

(SIC) DISCRETION WHEN IT REFUSED TO COMPLY WITH THE STATUTORY

REQUIREMENTS TO RE-SENTENCE APPELLANT MR. CORTEZ PURSUANT TO R.C.

2929.19(B), AND R.C. 2967.28 WHEN THE TRIAL COURT FAILED TO COMPLY WITH

SEPARATION OF POWERS CONCERNS AND TO FULFILL THE REQUIREMENTS OF

POST-RELEASE CONTROL SENTENCING STATUTES, WHEN THE TRIAL COURT

FAILED TO "NOTIFY" MR. CORTEZ, AT THE SENTENCING HEARING DATED AND

ENTERED ON JANUARY 9TH 2009, WITH RESPECT TO EACH OFFENSE OF THE

TWENTY THREE (23) COUNTS OF THE INDICTMENT OF THE NOTIFICATION AS TO

EACH COUNT, TO THE MANDATORY FIVE (5) YEARS OF POST-RELEASE

CONTROL, AND THE CONSEQUENCES OF VIOLATING POST-RELEASE CONTROL, LIcking County, Case No. 15-CA-55 4

AND OF THE LENGTH OF CONFINEMENT THAT COULD BE IMPOSED FOR A POST-

RELEASE CONTROL VIOLATION. AND WHEN GIVING IT'S (SIC) NOTIFICATION OF

THE POTENTIAL PENALTIES FOR VIOLATIONS OF POST-RELEASE CONTROL.

THE COURT "MUST" SPECIFICALLY INCLUDE A "NOTIFICATION" THAT A PRISON

TERM IMPOSED FOR COMMISSION OF A NEW FELONY DURING A TERM OF POST-

RELEASE CONTROL WILL BE SERVED CONSECUTIVELY TO THE PRISON TERM

IMPOSED BY THE COURT FOR VIOLATION OF POST-RELEASE CONTROL,

PURSUANT TO R.C. 2929.14(A)."

III

{¶7} "TRIAL COUNSEL PROVIDED INEFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE IN

VIOLATION OF THE SIXTH, AND FOURTEENTH AMENDMENTS TO THE UNITED

STATES CONSTITUTIONS, AND ARTICLE 10, SECTION 1 OF THE OHIO

CONSTITUTION FOR FAILING TO "OBJECT" AT THE "SENTENCING HEARING"

DATED AND ENTERED ON JANUARY 9TH, 2009 TO THE TRIAL COURT'S

IMPOSITION OF MR. CORTEZ, "TO PAY ALL COSTS OF PROSECUTION AND

COURT COSTS IN THIS ACTION, AND PAY COURT-APPOINTED COUNSEL COSTS,

AND ANY FEES" WHEN THE COURT FAILED TO "NOTIFY" APPELLANT THAT HIS

FAILURE TO PAY ANY, AND ALL COSTS IMPOSED BY THE COURT, COULD

RESULT IN THE COURT "ORDERING" THE APPELLANT TO PERFORM COMMUNITY

SERVICE UNTIL THE JUDGMENT IS PAID, OR UNTIL THE COURT IS SATISFIED

THAT APPELLANT IS IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE SCHEDULE."

I, II, III LIcking County, Case No. 15-CA-55 5

{¶8} Appellant claims the trial court erred in denying his motion for resentencing

which the trial court treated as a petition for postconviction relief. Appellant claims the

trial court erred in not complying with R.C. 2947.23(A)(1)(a) by failing to notify him of the

consequences of failing to pay court costs, erred in failing to advise him of post-release

control on each count of his multi-count sentence, failed to properly notify him of the

consequences of violating post-release control, and his trial counsel was ineffective for

failing to object to the court costs issue. We disagree.

{¶9} Appellant's motion was a petition for postconviction relief. State v.

Reynolds, 79 Ohio St.3d 158, 1997-Ohio-304. Given that appellant was sentenced on

January 9, 2009 and his motion was filed on December 5, 2014, we agree with the trial

court that the motion was untimely. R.C. 2953.21(A)(2). Appellant has not met the criteria

for a late filing under R.C. 2953.23(A)(1).

{¶10} Furthermore, his arguments are barred under the doctrine of res judicata.

As stated by the Supreme Court of Ohio in State v. Perry, 10 Ohio St.2d 175 (1967),

paragraphs eight and nine of the syllabus, the doctrine of res judicata is applicable to

petitions for postconviction relief. The Perry court explained the doctrine at 180-181 as

follows:

Under the doctrine of res judicata, a final judgment of conviction bars

a convicted defendant who was represented by counsel from raising and

litigating in any proceeding except an appeal from that judgment, any

defense or any claimed lack of due process that was raised or could have LIcking County, Case No. 15-CA-55 6

been raised by the defendant at trial, which resulted in that judgment of

conviction, or on an appeal from that judgment.

{¶11} In reviewing appellant's motion, we find the arguments therein could have

been raised at the sentencing hearing or on direct appeal. See, State v. Chapman, 5th

Dist. Richland No. 15CA20, 2015-Ohio-3114, ¶ 11.

{¶12} However, the Supreme Court of Ohio has held that res judicata does not

apply to a "sentence that does not include the statutorily mandated term of postrelease

control." State v. Fischer, 128 Ohio St.3d 92, 2010-Ohio-6238, paragraph one of the

syllabus.

{¶13} Appellant concedes that the trial court informed him of post-release control

during sentencing for the first count, but argues the trial court failed to inform him of post-

release control on each of the remaining counts.

{¶14} As stated in State v. Sulek, 2nd Dist. Greene No. 09CA75, 2010-Ohio-3919,

¶ 25: "The trial court was not required to separately and expressly notify Defendant of the

terms of post-release control applicable to each of the three offenses for which prison

terms were imposed." Our brethren from the Second District explained at ¶ 23:

Only one term of post-release control is actually served, even though

a defendant was sentenced to multiple prison terms. Therefore, when

multiple terms of imprisonment are imposed a notification should specify the

maximum term of post-release control to which the defendant will be

subjected as a result. When identical post-release control requirements LIcking County, Case No. 15-CA-55 7

apply to multiple prison terms, the same notification may apply to each of

the offenses concerned. When different post-release control terms apply to

multiple prison terms, a single notification of the maximum stated term may

also serve to satisfy the notification requirement applicable to any lesser

terms, so long as the notification given does not exclude any lesser terms

of post-release control the other offenses involve.

{¶15} As stated by our brethren from the Tenth District in State v. Darks, 10th Dist.

Franklin No. 12AP-578, 2013-Ohio-176, ¶ 11: "Thus, in multiple-offense cases, the

sentencing court need only notify the defendant of the longest applicable period of post-

release control." The Darks court went on to quote the following language from State v.

Reed, 6th Dist. Erie No. E-11-049, 2012-Ohio-5983, ¶ 12:

Therefore, we now hold that even though R.C. 2967.28(B) requires

notification of the postrelease control term to be imposed based upon the

particular level of offense involved, that statute is limited in multiple offense

cases by R.C. 2967.28(F)(4)(c), which mandates that only one postrelease

control sanction (the longest term) can be imposed for all of the offenses.

Therefore, the court only has the duty in multiple offense cases to notify the

defendant of and impose the longest term of postrelease control applicable

under R.C. 2967.28(B). Furthermore, the trial court need not announce at

the sentencing hearing nor include in the sentencing judgment the LIcking County, Case No. 15-CA-55 8

applicable postrelease control sanction for each individual offense

irrespective of whether the terms of control are identical or different.

{¶16} Appellant further argues the trial court failed to notify him of the possible

consequences of violating his post-release control specifically, failing to inform him that

"a prison term imposed for commission of a new felony during a term of post-release

control will be served consecutively to the prison term imposed by the court for the

violation of post-release control." Appellant's Brief at 5.

{¶17} The judgment entry filed January 9, 2009 included the following notification

regarding post-release control:

The Court informed the defendant that upon release from prison he

would be on mandatory postrelease control for five years, and that is not

reducible by the Adult Parole Authority. The Court further notified the

defendant that if he violates the conditions of postrelease control imposed

by the Parole Board under Ohio Revised Code Section 2967.28, he could

be returned to prison for up to nine months for those violations, and if the

violation is a new felony, he could be returned to prison on the new felony

as well.

{¶18} Appellant did not provide a transcript of the sentencing hearing for our

review, as the court reporter was unable to access her electronic notes as argued by

appellant. See Letter from Court Reporter Jacqueline E. Gainer, attached to Appellant's LIcking County, Case No. 15-CA-55 9

Brief as Exhibit B. We note appellant never filed a direct appeal. Had he done so, he

may have had access to his transcript at that time, or he could have submitted a statement

pursuant to App.R. 9(C) or (D) to reconstruct the record which he failed to do. Therefore,

we must presume regularity of the sentencing hearing. Knapp v. Edwards Laboratories,

61 Ohio St.2d 197 (1980). We find the language of the judgment entry notifying appellant

that he could be returned to prison for violating his post-release control and could also be

returned to prison on the new felony as well, coupled with the presumption of regularity

regarding the sentencing hearing, to be sufficient to give appellant notice of the post-

release control sanction. See State v. Moore, 5th Dist. Muskingum No. CT2015-0027,

2015-Ohio-3435.

{¶19} Assignments of Error I, II, and III are denied. LIcking County, Case No. 15-CA-55 10

{¶20} The judgment of the Court of Common Pleas of Licking County, Ohio is

hereby affirmed.

By Farmer, P.J.

Gwin, J. and

Delaney, J. concur.

SGF/sg 119