[Cite as State v. Coran, 2014-Ohio-4406.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO SECOND APPELLATE DISTRICT CLARK COUNTY
STATE OF OHIO : : Appellate Case No. 2014-CA-17 Plaintiff-Appellee : : Trial Court Case No. 13-CR-516 v. : : TYRONE CORAN : (Criminal Appeal from : (Common Pleas Court) Defendant-Appellant : :
........... OPINION Rendered on the 3rd day of October, 2014. ...........
RYAN A. SAUNDERS, Clark County Prosecutor’s Office, 50 East Columbia Street, Suite 449, Springfield, Ohio 45502 Attorney for Plaintiff-Appellee
BRIAN D. BRENNAMAN, Atty. Reg. #0088988, 1616 Turner Road, Xenia, Ohio 45385 Attorney for Defendant-Appellant
.............
HALL, J.
{¶ 1} Tyrone Coran appeals from his conviction and sentence on one count of gross sexual imposition in violation of R.C. 2907.05(A)(5).
{¶ 2} Coran advances two assignments of error. First, he contends the trial court erred
in classifying him as a Tier II rather than a Tier I sex offender. Second, he claims his conviction
is against the manifest weight of the evidence.
{¶ 3} At trial, the victim testified that she was in her bedroom asleep on the morning of
July 4, 2013. In bed with her were her two-year-old granddaughter and her son, both of whom
were asleep. (Trial Tr. at 95, 97). The victim testified that she felt someone jerking on her arm.
She then felt a hand reach under the blanket and touch her vagina outside her underwear. (Id. at
96, 103). She became fully awake after this touching. (Id. at 103). She screamed, opened her
eyes, and saw Coran, who was a friend of her son and nephew, sitting next to her on the bed. (Id.
at 103-104). She identified him as the person who was touching her. (Id. at 96). After she
screamed, Coran left the room, went out the front door, and crossed the street. (Id. at 97). The
victim recalled that, as she was waking up, she had heard Coran say something about Xanax. She
could not recall him saying anything else.1 (Id.).
1 On appeal, Coran cites the victim’s trial testimony for the proposition that he and the victim had arranged to exchange food stamps for Xanax and that they had a conversation about Xanax in the bedroom. (Appellant’s brief at 2). These allegations are a misrepresentation of the victim’s testimony. On the cited pages, she explicitly denied ever having a conversation with him about exchanging food stamps for Xanax. (Trial Tr. at 105). She also denied saying anything to him other than screaming. (Id. at 97). [Cite as State v. Coran, 2014-Ohio-4406.] {¶ 4} After the incident, the victim called the police and provided Coran’s first name
and a physical description. (Id. at 109). She also identified him in a photo spread. Coran
subsequently was arrested and charged with gross sexual imposition. Based primarily on the
victim’s testimony, a jury found him guilty.2 At sentencing, the trial court classified him as a Tier
II sex offender and imposed an eighteen-month prison sentence. This appeal followed.
{¶ 5} In his first assignment of error, Coran challenges his Tier II classification. He
contends his conviction under R.C. 2907.05(A)(5) required a Tier I classification. The State has
conceded error in the trial court’s classification, and we agree. Under R.C. 2950.01(E)(1)(c), a
person convicted of gross sexual imposition in violation of R.C. 2907.05(A)(5) is a Tier I sex
offender. Accordingly, Coran’s first assignment of error is sustained.
{¶ 6} In his second assignment of error, Coran challenges the manifest weight of the
evidence to sustain his conviction under R.C. 2907.05(A)(5), which provides, in relevant part,
that no person shall have sexual contact with another, not the spouse of the offender, when the
ability of the other person to resist or consent is substantially impaired because of a mental or
physical condition and the offender knows or has reasonable cause to believe that the other
person’s ability to resist or consent is so impaired. Here Coran contends the weight of the
evidence fails to establish (1) that he is the person who touched the victim’s vagina or (2) that he
knew or had reasonable cause to believe the victim was asleep.3
2 Although the State called a number of additional witnesses, and other people were present in the victim’s house, none of them saw the incident between Coran and the victim. For his part, Coran did not testify and presented no defense. 3 On appeal, Coran does not dispute that sleep is a physical or mental condition that substantially impairs a person’s ability to resist or consent to sexual contact. See, e.g., State v. Porter, 9th Dist. Medina No. 12CA0061-M, 2013-Ohio-3969, ¶ 19. [Cite as State v. Coran, 2014-Ohio-4406.] {¶ 7} When a conviction is challenged as being against the weight of the evidence, an
appellate court must review the entire record, weigh the evidence and all reasonable inferences,
consider witness credibility, and determine whether, in resolving conflicts in the evidence, the
trier of fact “clearly lost its way and created such a manifest miscarriage of justice that the
conviction must be reversed and a new trial ordered.” State v. Thompkins, 78 Ohio St.3d 380,
387, 678 N.E.2d 541 (1997). In a manifest-weight analysis, the credibility of the witnesses and
the weight to be given to their testimony are primarily for the trier of facts to resolve. State v.
DeHass, 10 Ohio St.2d 230, 227 N.E.2d 212 (1967). “Because the factfinder, be it the jury, or, *
* * the trial judge, has the opportunity to see and hear the witnesses, the cautious exercise of
discretionary power of a court of appeals to find that a judgment is against the manifest weight of
the evidence requires that a substantial deference be extended to the factfinder’s determinations
of credibility. The decision whether, and to what extent, to credit the testimony of particular
witnesses is within the peculiar competence of the factfinder, who has seen and heard the
witnesses.” State v. Lawson, 2d Dist. Montgomery No. 16288, 1997 WL 477684, *5 (Aug. 22,
1997).
{¶ 8} With the foregoing standards in mind, we cannot say Coran’s conviction is
against the weight of the evidence. The victim testified that the only people in the room with her
when she awoke were Coran, her two-year-old granddaughter, and her son. The victim was on
one side of the bed, her son was on the other side, and her granddaughter was in the middle.
When the victim opened her eyes, she saw Coran jump off of the bed where he had been sitting
near her. (Trial Tr. at 104). Prior to the victim opening her eyes and screaming, her granddaughter
and son had been asleep. (Id. at 97). The victim testified that no one other than Coran was in a
position to have been touching her vagina. (Id.). Based on the victim’s testimony, the jury 5
reasonably could have concluded that Coran did touch her vagina. Such a conclusion is not
against the weight of the evidence.
{¶ 9} The evidence also supports a finding that Coran knew or had reasonable cause to
believe the victim was asleep. Another occupant of the house, Harry Straight, testified that Coran
was in the victim’s bedroom for about thirty minutes before the victim screamed and Coran left.
(Id. at 58, 63). As set forth above, the victim testified that she was asleep in her bed, along with
her granddaughter and son, when the touching occurred. It was between eight and nine o’clock in
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[Cite as State v. Coran, 2014-Ohio-4406.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO SECOND APPELLATE DISTRICT CLARK COUNTY
STATE OF OHIO : : Appellate Case No. 2014-CA-17 Plaintiff-Appellee : : Trial Court Case No. 13-CR-516 v. : : TYRONE CORAN : (Criminal Appeal from : (Common Pleas Court) Defendant-Appellant : :
........... OPINION Rendered on the 3rd day of October, 2014. ...........
RYAN A. SAUNDERS, Clark County Prosecutor’s Office, 50 East Columbia Street, Suite 449, Springfield, Ohio 45502 Attorney for Plaintiff-Appellee
BRIAN D. BRENNAMAN, Atty. Reg. #0088988, 1616 Turner Road, Xenia, Ohio 45385 Attorney for Defendant-Appellant
.............
HALL, J.
{¶ 1} Tyrone Coran appeals from his conviction and sentence on one count of gross sexual imposition in violation of R.C. 2907.05(A)(5).
{¶ 2} Coran advances two assignments of error. First, he contends the trial court erred
in classifying him as a Tier II rather than a Tier I sex offender. Second, he claims his conviction
is against the manifest weight of the evidence.
{¶ 3} At trial, the victim testified that she was in her bedroom asleep on the morning of
July 4, 2013. In bed with her were her two-year-old granddaughter and her son, both of whom
were asleep. (Trial Tr. at 95, 97). The victim testified that she felt someone jerking on her arm.
She then felt a hand reach under the blanket and touch her vagina outside her underwear. (Id. at
96, 103). She became fully awake after this touching. (Id. at 103). She screamed, opened her
eyes, and saw Coran, who was a friend of her son and nephew, sitting next to her on the bed. (Id.
at 103-104). She identified him as the person who was touching her. (Id. at 96). After she
screamed, Coran left the room, went out the front door, and crossed the street. (Id. at 97). The
victim recalled that, as she was waking up, she had heard Coran say something about Xanax. She
could not recall him saying anything else.1 (Id.).
1 On appeal, Coran cites the victim’s trial testimony for the proposition that he and the victim had arranged to exchange food stamps for Xanax and that they had a conversation about Xanax in the bedroom. (Appellant’s brief at 2). These allegations are a misrepresentation of the victim’s testimony. On the cited pages, she explicitly denied ever having a conversation with him about exchanging food stamps for Xanax. (Trial Tr. at 105). She also denied saying anything to him other than screaming. (Id. at 97). [Cite as State v. Coran, 2014-Ohio-4406.] {¶ 4} After the incident, the victim called the police and provided Coran’s first name
and a physical description. (Id. at 109). She also identified him in a photo spread. Coran
subsequently was arrested and charged with gross sexual imposition. Based primarily on the
victim’s testimony, a jury found him guilty.2 At sentencing, the trial court classified him as a Tier
II sex offender and imposed an eighteen-month prison sentence. This appeal followed.
{¶ 5} In his first assignment of error, Coran challenges his Tier II classification. He
contends his conviction under R.C. 2907.05(A)(5) required a Tier I classification. The State has
conceded error in the trial court’s classification, and we agree. Under R.C. 2950.01(E)(1)(c), a
person convicted of gross sexual imposition in violation of R.C. 2907.05(A)(5) is a Tier I sex
offender. Accordingly, Coran’s first assignment of error is sustained.
{¶ 6} In his second assignment of error, Coran challenges the manifest weight of the
evidence to sustain his conviction under R.C. 2907.05(A)(5), which provides, in relevant part,
that no person shall have sexual contact with another, not the spouse of the offender, when the
ability of the other person to resist or consent is substantially impaired because of a mental or
physical condition and the offender knows or has reasonable cause to believe that the other
person’s ability to resist or consent is so impaired. Here Coran contends the weight of the
evidence fails to establish (1) that he is the person who touched the victim’s vagina or (2) that he
knew or had reasonable cause to believe the victim was asleep.3
2 Although the State called a number of additional witnesses, and other people were present in the victim’s house, none of them saw the incident between Coran and the victim. For his part, Coran did not testify and presented no defense. 3 On appeal, Coran does not dispute that sleep is a physical or mental condition that substantially impairs a person’s ability to resist or consent to sexual contact. See, e.g., State v. Porter, 9th Dist. Medina No. 12CA0061-M, 2013-Ohio-3969, ¶ 19. [Cite as State v. Coran, 2014-Ohio-4406.] {¶ 7} When a conviction is challenged as being against the weight of the evidence, an
appellate court must review the entire record, weigh the evidence and all reasonable inferences,
consider witness credibility, and determine whether, in resolving conflicts in the evidence, the
trier of fact “clearly lost its way and created such a manifest miscarriage of justice that the
conviction must be reversed and a new trial ordered.” State v. Thompkins, 78 Ohio St.3d 380,
387, 678 N.E.2d 541 (1997). In a manifest-weight analysis, the credibility of the witnesses and
the weight to be given to their testimony are primarily for the trier of facts to resolve. State v.
DeHass, 10 Ohio St.2d 230, 227 N.E.2d 212 (1967). “Because the factfinder, be it the jury, or, *
* * the trial judge, has the opportunity to see and hear the witnesses, the cautious exercise of
discretionary power of a court of appeals to find that a judgment is against the manifest weight of
the evidence requires that a substantial deference be extended to the factfinder’s determinations
of credibility. The decision whether, and to what extent, to credit the testimony of particular
witnesses is within the peculiar competence of the factfinder, who has seen and heard the
witnesses.” State v. Lawson, 2d Dist. Montgomery No. 16288, 1997 WL 477684, *5 (Aug. 22,
1997).
{¶ 8} With the foregoing standards in mind, we cannot say Coran’s conviction is
against the weight of the evidence. The victim testified that the only people in the room with her
when she awoke were Coran, her two-year-old granddaughter, and her son. The victim was on
one side of the bed, her son was on the other side, and her granddaughter was in the middle.
When the victim opened her eyes, she saw Coran jump off of the bed where he had been sitting
near her. (Trial Tr. at 104). Prior to the victim opening her eyes and screaming, her granddaughter
and son had been asleep. (Id. at 97). The victim testified that no one other than Coran was in a
position to have been touching her vagina. (Id.). Based on the victim’s testimony, the jury 5
reasonably could have concluded that Coran did touch her vagina. Such a conclusion is not
against the weight of the evidence.
{¶ 9} The evidence also supports a finding that Coran knew or had reasonable cause to
believe the victim was asleep. Another occupant of the house, Harry Straight, testified that Coran
was in the victim’s bedroom for about thirty minutes before the victim screamed and Coran left.
(Id. at 58, 63). As set forth above, the victim testified that she was asleep in her bed, along with
her granddaughter and son, when the touching occurred. It was between eight and nine o’clock in
the morning, and no lights were on in the room. These circumstances support a finding that
Coran had reasonable cause to believe the victim was asleep. Indeed, it would be difficult to
spend thirty minutes in a room with three sleeping people without becoming aware or having
reasonable cause to believe that they were asleep.
{¶ 10} As for Coran’s challenge to the credibility of the victim and the other witnesses,
we see no basis for reversal. Although the record reveals some inconsistencies or discrepancies
on certain secondary issues cited by Coran, the victim unequivocally testified that she awoke to
find him touching her vagina. In its fact-finding role, the jury was free to believe this testimony.
{¶ 11} Finally, Coran contends his conviction is against the weight of the evidence
because the victim’s allegations of improper touching were not corroborated. In making this
argument, he reasons that a sexual-imposition charge requires corroboration and that sexual
imposition is a lesser-included offense of gross sexual imposition. Therefore, he infers that gross
sexual imposition also requires corroboration. We disagree. In State v. Guerra, 2d Dist. Miami
No. 2006-CA-5, 2006-Ohio-6661, ¶ 8, this court recognized that sexual imposition requires
corroboration whereas a charge of gross sexual imposition under R.C. 2907.05 does not. See also 6
State v. Shafeek, 2d Dist. Montgomery No. 17149, 1998 WL 896475, *1 (Dec. 28, 1998) (noting
that corroboration is required for sexual imposition but not gross sexual imposition). Coran’s
second assignment of error is overruled.
{¶ 12} Having sustained Coran’s first assignment of error, we reverse the trial court’s
judgment, in part, and remand the cause solely for the purpose of designating him a Tier I sex
offender.
{¶ 13} Judgment affirmed in part, reversed in part, and cause remanded.
DONOVAN and WELBAUM, JJ., concur.
Copies mailed to:
Ryan A. Saunders Brian D. Brennaman Hon. Douglas M. Rastatter