State v. Campa

793 P.2d 1135, 164 Ariz. 468
CourtCourt of Appeals of Arizona
DecidedAugust 30, 1990
Docket2 CA-CR 89-0054
StatusPublished
Cited by4 cases

This text of 793 P.2d 1135 (State v. Campa) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Arizona primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Campa, 793 P.2d 1135, 164 Ariz. 468 (Ark. Ct. App. 1990).

Opinion

OPINION

HOWARD, Judge.

FACTS

In the early morning hours of May 29, 1988, police arrested appellant for drivingwhile under the influence. 205 days later, on December 20, 1988, he was tried by a jury and subsequently convicted of four charges: A.R.S. § 28-692(A), driving under the influence of intoxicating liquor (DUI); A.R.S. § 28-692(B), DUI with a blood alcohol content (BAC) of .10 percent or more; A.R.S. § 28-692.02(A), DUI while his license was suspended; and A.R.S. § 28-692.02(A), DUI with BAC of .10 percent or more while his license was suspended. The trial court imposed an enhanced sentence of six years pursuant to § 13-604(A),(C) and § 28-692.01. Concurrent sentences were imposed. We note 43 days of excludable time. See Rule 8.4, 17 A.R.S., Rules of Crim.Proc.

ISSUES

Appellant contends the trial court violated his right to a speedy trial, erred in giving improper jury instructions and improperly enhanced his sentence. For the *470 following reasons, we reverse in part, affirm in part and remand for resentencing.

DISCUSSION

1. Hinson.

Appellant argues that the court’s failure to dismiss the state’s charges, with prejudice, violated his right to a trial within 150 days of his arrest. Rule 8.2(a), 17 A.R.S., Rules of Crim.Proc.; Hinson v. Coulter, 150 Ariz. 306, 723 P.2d 655 (1986). The record indicates that the appellant failed to advise the trial court of the impending deadline imposed by Rule 8.1(d). He therefore waives his Hinson claim on appeal. Andre v. Tucson City Court, Ariz., (2 CA-CV 89-0244, filed March 13, 1990). See also State v. Guerrero, 159 Ariz. 568, 769 P.2d 1014 (1989); State v. Techy, 135 Ariz. 81, 659 P.2d 40 (App.1982). Accordingly, we find that the court did not err by proceeding with appellant’s trial.

2. Desmond.

Appellant contends that the trial court erred in instructing the jury on presumptions pursuant to A.R.S. § 28-692(E) because no “relation back” testimony establishing appellant’s BAC at the time he was driving was admitted into evidence. Desmond v. Superior Court, 161 Ariz. 522, 779 P.2d 1261 (1989). No objection to the instructions was made by appellant at trial.

Pending review of appellant’s case, our supreme court decided Desmond v. Superi- or Court, supra. Desmond held that “[i]n order for the state to receive the statutory presumption instruction in a charge under [A.R.S. § 28-692(A)] or to make a prima facie case under [A.R.S. § 28-692(B)], there must be some evidence relating the BAC back to the time of arrest." 161 Ariz. at 529, 779 P.2d at 1268 (emphasis added).

The state argues that the -conviction should be upheld because appellant failed to preserve the issue for appeal and no fundamental error was involved. Second, the state argues that Desmond should not be applied retroactively.

The theory of fundamental error is inapplicable as to the charge under A.R.S. §§ 28-692(B) and 28-692.02(A). No objection to the instruction was necessary because the state failed to prove a prima facie case by not presenting evidence relating the blood-alcohol content back to the time of arrest. Desmond, supra.

As for the issue of retroactivity, the supreme court did not specifically address this issue as it has done in other cases such as Hinson v. Coulter, supra, and Montano v. Superior Court, 149 Ariz. 385, 719 P.2d 271 (1986). As a general rule, we will apply the law existing at the time of appellate disposition. See Griffith v. Kentucky, 479 U.S. 314,107 S.Ct. 708, 93 L.Ed.2d 649 (1987); State v. Gardfrey, 161 Ariz. 31, 775 P.2d 1095 (1989). See also Bischofshausen v. Pinal-Gila Counties, 138 Ariz. 109, 673 P.2d 307 (App.1983); Ranburger v. Southern Pacific Transportation Company, 157 Ariz. 547, 760 P.2d 547 (App.1986) (application of a change of law to civil cases pending review). But see Wood v. Goodfarb, 155 Ariz. 32, 745 P.2d 90 (1987). Therefore we apply the law of Desmond to appellant’s case.

Since there was insufficient evidence to convict appellant of a violation of A.R.S. §§ 28-692(B) and 28-692.02(A) (DUI with BAC of .10 percent while license suspended), it would be improper to remand for a new trial on these charges because of the double jeopardy clause of the Fifth Amendment. See State v. Poland, 132 Ariz. 269, 645 P.2d 784 (1982). His conviction and sentence on these charges are vacated and the charges are dismissed with prejudice.

The same result does not apply to violations of A.R.S. § 28-692(A) (driving under the influence) which does not rely totally on intoxylizer results and can be established by other evidence that the accused was driving under the influence. Desmond v. Superior Court, 161 Ariz. at 526-27, 779 P.2d at 1265-66. Here, the arresting police officer testified that: (1) he stopped appellant after observing his erratic driving behavior; (2) he observed an open can *471 of beer at the arrest scene; and (3) appellant failed five proffered sobriety tests.

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Related

State ex rel. Romley v. Albrecht
815 P.2d 395 (Arizona Supreme Court, 1991)
State v. Campa
814 P.2d 748 (Arizona Supreme Court, 1991)
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810 P.2d 1028 (Arizona Supreme Court, 1991)
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823 P.2d 63 (Court of Appeals of Arizona, 1990)

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Bluebook (online)
793 P.2d 1135, 164 Ariz. 468, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-campa-arizctapp-1990.