[Cite as State v Burch, 2017-Ohio-8945.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
ELEVENTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
ASHTABULA COUNTY, OHIO
STATE OF OHIO, : OPINION
Plaintiff-Appellant, : CASE NO. 2017-A-0034 - vs - :
DENNIS A. BURCH, :
Defendant-Appellee. :
Criminal Appeal from the Ashtabula County Court of Common Pleas, Case No. 2017 CR 00009.
Judgment: Reversed and remanded.
Nicholas A. Iarocci, Ashtabula County Prosecutor, and Shelley M. Pratt, Assistant Prosecutor, Ashtabula County Courthouse, 25 West Jefferson Street, Jefferson, OH 44047-1092 (For Plaintiff-Appellant).
Margaret L. Brunarski, Assistant Public Defender, 4817 State Road, #202, Ashtabula, OH 44004 (For Defendant-Appellee).
THOMAS R. WRIGHT, J.
{¶1} Appellant, the state of Ohio, appeals the trial court’s decision granting
appellee’s motion for a transcript of the recorded statements of the minor victim without
holding a hearing. We reverse and remand.
{¶2} Appellee, Dennis A. Burch, was indicted and charged with four counts of
gross sexual imposition in January of 2017 to which Burch pleaded not guilty. {¶3} In February of 2017, the state filed its certification of nondisclosure
pursuant to Crim.R.16(D) in which it explains that the state will not disclose the minor
victim’s video interviews. The state’s certification states that nondisclosure “is for one or
more of the following reasons * * *.” It then recites four of the five reasons permitted for
nondisclosure under Crim.R. 16(D)(1)-(5) without providing any case-specific factual
details or support.
{¶4} In April of 2017, Burch moved the court for transcripts of his interviews as
well as official transcripts of all “material” witness interviews conducted by the Geneva-
on-the-Lake Police Department and Ashtabula County Children Services. Burch’s
motion alleges the transcripts would be invaluable in preparing his defense and that he
is indigent and unable to pay. The trial court granted Burch’s motion in part and
overruled it in part.
{¶5} The narrow issue on appeal concerns the trial court’s decision ordering
the disclosure of the minor victim’s statements. The trial court ordered the state to
provide Burch with “a complete and accurate written transcript of the video recorded
statements of the victim in this case, forthwith.” It explains that the prosecution provided
Burch with a partial, unofficial transcript of the victim’s interview and that it had failed to
detail the reasons supporting its certification of nondisclosure.
{¶6} The state moved for leave to appeal, which was granted and the trial court
stayed the underlying proceedings pending appeal.
{¶7} The state raises one assigned error:
{¶8} “The trial court abused its discretion in granting appellee’s motion for a
transcript of the victim’s video interview without a hearing pursuant to Crim.R. 16(F).”
2 {¶9} As stated, the state filed its certification of nondisclosure in February 2017
and it cites Crim.R. 16(D)(1)-(3) and (5) as reasons for its nondisclosure of complete
copies of the victim’s statements. Thereafter, Burch moved for copies of all “material”
witnesses recorded statements, including the victim’s.
{¶10} Crim.R. 16 governs discovery in criminal cases, and the granting or
overruling of discovery motions in a criminal case rests within the sound discretion of
the court. State v. Blake, 12th Dist. Butler No. CA2011-07-130, 2012-Ohio-3124, ¶14.
{¶11} “Absent a clear abuse of discretion, a reviewing court will not reverse the
judgment of the trial court. Birath v. Birath, 53 Ohio App.3d 31, 39, 558 N.E.2d 63 (10th
Dist.1988). ‘This court has recently stated that the term “abuse of discretion” is one of
art, connoting judgment exercised by a court, which does not comport with reason or
the record.’ State v. Underwood, 11th Dist. No. 2008-L-113, 2009-Ohio-2089, 2009 WL
1177050, ¶ 30, citing State v. Ferranto, 112 Ohio St. 667, 676-678, 148 N.E. 362
(1925). “The Second Appellate District also recently adopted a similar definition of the
abuse-of-discretion standard: an abuse of discretion is the trial court's ‘failure to
exercise sound, reasonable, and legal decision-making.’ State v. Beechler, 2d Dist. No.
09–CA–54, 2010-Ohio-1900, 2010 WL 1731784, ¶ 62, quoting Black's Law Dictionary (8
Ed.Rev.2004) 11. When an appellate court is reviewing a pure issue of law, ‘the mere
fact that the reviewing court would decide the issue differently is enough to find error (of
course, not all errors are reversible. Some are harmless; others are not preserved for
appellate review). By contrast, where the issue on review has been confined to the
discretion of the trial court, the mere fact that the reviewing court would have reached a
3 different result is not enough, without more, to find error.’ Id. at ¶ 67.” Ivancic v. Enos,
11th Dist. Lake No. 2011-L-050, 2012-Ohio-3639, 978 N.E.2d 927, ¶70.
{¶12} Crim.R. 16(D) states:
{¶13} “(D) Prosecuting Attorney’s Certification of Nondisclosure. If the
prosecuting attorney does not disclose materials or portions of materials under this rule,
the prosecuting attorney shall certify to the court that the prosecuting attorney is not
disclosing material or portions of material otherwise subject to disclosure under this rule
for one or more of the following reasons:
{¶14} “(1) The prosecuting attorney has reasonable, articulable grounds to
believe that disclosure will compromise the safety of a witness, victim, or third party, or
subject them to intimidation or coercion;
{¶15} “(2) The prosecuting attorney has reasonable, articulable grounds to
believe that disclosure will subject a witness, victim, or third party to a substantial risk of
serious economic harm;
{¶16} “(3) Disclosure will compromise an ongoing criminal investigation or a
confidential law enforcement technique or investigation regardless of whether that
investigation involves the pending case or the defendant;
{¶17} “(4) The statement is of a child victim of sexually oriented offense under
the age of thirteen;
{¶18} “(5) The interests of justice require non-disclosure.
{¶19} “Reasonable, articulable grounds may include, but are not limited to, the
nature of the case, the specific course of conduct of one or more parties, threats or prior
4 instances of witness tampering or intimidation, whether or not those instances resulted
in criminal charges, whether the defendant is pro se, and any other relevant information.
{¶20} “The prosecuting attorney’s certification shall identify the nondisclosed
material.”
{¶21} Here, the prosecutor’s written certification of nondisclosure correctly
identifies the nondisclosed material and the general reasons for nondisclosure
consistent with Crim.R. 16(D). Although the rule requires the prosecuting attorney to
have reasonable, articulable grounds in support of prongs (1) and (2) under Crim.R.
16(D), the rule does not require the prosecution to spell out those grounds in its initial
written notice of nondisclosure filed with the court.
{¶22} Pursuant to Crim.R. 16(F), the trial court was required to hold a hearing
before granting Burch’s motion. State v. McKelton, 148 Ohio St.3d 261, 2016-Ohio-
5735, 70 N.E.3d 508, ¶52, reconsideration denied, 147 Ohio St.3d 1446, 2016-Ohio-
7854, 63 N.E.3d 1215, and cert.
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[Cite as State v Burch, 2017-Ohio-8945.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
ELEVENTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
ASHTABULA COUNTY, OHIO
STATE OF OHIO, : OPINION
Plaintiff-Appellant, : CASE NO. 2017-A-0034 - vs - :
DENNIS A. BURCH, :
Defendant-Appellee. :
Criminal Appeal from the Ashtabula County Court of Common Pleas, Case No. 2017 CR 00009.
Judgment: Reversed and remanded.
Nicholas A. Iarocci, Ashtabula County Prosecutor, and Shelley M. Pratt, Assistant Prosecutor, Ashtabula County Courthouse, 25 West Jefferson Street, Jefferson, OH 44047-1092 (For Plaintiff-Appellant).
Margaret L. Brunarski, Assistant Public Defender, 4817 State Road, #202, Ashtabula, OH 44004 (For Defendant-Appellee).
THOMAS R. WRIGHT, J.
{¶1} Appellant, the state of Ohio, appeals the trial court’s decision granting
appellee’s motion for a transcript of the recorded statements of the minor victim without
holding a hearing. We reverse and remand.
{¶2} Appellee, Dennis A. Burch, was indicted and charged with four counts of
gross sexual imposition in January of 2017 to which Burch pleaded not guilty. {¶3} In February of 2017, the state filed its certification of nondisclosure
pursuant to Crim.R.16(D) in which it explains that the state will not disclose the minor
victim’s video interviews. The state’s certification states that nondisclosure “is for one or
more of the following reasons * * *.” It then recites four of the five reasons permitted for
nondisclosure under Crim.R. 16(D)(1)-(5) without providing any case-specific factual
details or support.
{¶4} In April of 2017, Burch moved the court for transcripts of his interviews as
well as official transcripts of all “material” witness interviews conducted by the Geneva-
on-the-Lake Police Department and Ashtabula County Children Services. Burch’s
motion alleges the transcripts would be invaluable in preparing his defense and that he
is indigent and unable to pay. The trial court granted Burch’s motion in part and
overruled it in part.
{¶5} The narrow issue on appeal concerns the trial court’s decision ordering
the disclosure of the minor victim’s statements. The trial court ordered the state to
provide Burch with “a complete and accurate written transcript of the video recorded
statements of the victim in this case, forthwith.” It explains that the prosecution provided
Burch with a partial, unofficial transcript of the victim’s interview and that it had failed to
detail the reasons supporting its certification of nondisclosure.
{¶6} The state moved for leave to appeal, which was granted and the trial court
stayed the underlying proceedings pending appeal.
{¶7} The state raises one assigned error:
{¶8} “The trial court abused its discretion in granting appellee’s motion for a
transcript of the victim’s video interview without a hearing pursuant to Crim.R. 16(F).”
2 {¶9} As stated, the state filed its certification of nondisclosure in February 2017
and it cites Crim.R. 16(D)(1)-(3) and (5) as reasons for its nondisclosure of complete
copies of the victim’s statements. Thereafter, Burch moved for copies of all “material”
witnesses recorded statements, including the victim’s.
{¶10} Crim.R. 16 governs discovery in criminal cases, and the granting or
overruling of discovery motions in a criminal case rests within the sound discretion of
the court. State v. Blake, 12th Dist. Butler No. CA2011-07-130, 2012-Ohio-3124, ¶14.
{¶11} “Absent a clear abuse of discretion, a reviewing court will not reverse the
judgment of the trial court. Birath v. Birath, 53 Ohio App.3d 31, 39, 558 N.E.2d 63 (10th
Dist.1988). ‘This court has recently stated that the term “abuse of discretion” is one of
art, connoting judgment exercised by a court, which does not comport with reason or
the record.’ State v. Underwood, 11th Dist. No. 2008-L-113, 2009-Ohio-2089, 2009 WL
1177050, ¶ 30, citing State v. Ferranto, 112 Ohio St. 667, 676-678, 148 N.E. 362
(1925). “The Second Appellate District also recently adopted a similar definition of the
abuse-of-discretion standard: an abuse of discretion is the trial court's ‘failure to
exercise sound, reasonable, and legal decision-making.’ State v. Beechler, 2d Dist. No.
09–CA–54, 2010-Ohio-1900, 2010 WL 1731784, ¶ 62, quoting Black's Law Dictionary (8
Ed.Rev.2004) 11. When an appellate court is reviewing a pure issue of law, ‘the mere
fact that the reviewing court would decide the issue differently is enough to find error (of
course, not all errors are reversible. Some are harmless; others are not preserved for
appellate review). By contrast, where the issue on review has been confined to the
discretion of the trial court, the mere fact that the reviewing court would have reached a
3 different result is not enough, without more, to find error.’ Id. at ¶ 67.” Ivancic v. Enos,
11th Dist. Lake No. 2011-L-050, 2012-Ohio-3639, 978 N.E.2d 927, ¶70.
{¶12} Crim.R. 16(D) states:
{¶13} “(D) Prosecuting Attorney’s Certification of Nondisclosure. If the
prosecuting attorney does not disclose materials or portions of materials under this rule,
the prosecuting attorney shall certify to the court that the prosecuting attorney is not
disclosing material or portions of material otherwise subject to disclosure under this rule
for one or more of the following reasons:
{¶14} “(1) The prosecuting attorney has reasonable, articulable grounds to
believe that disclosure will compromise the safety of a witness, victim, or third party, or
subject them to intimidation or coercion;
{¶15} “(2) The prosecuting attorney has reasonable, articulable grounds to
believe that disclosure will subject a witness, victim, or third party to a substantial risk of
serious economic harm;
{¶16} “(3) Disclosure will compromise an ongoing criminal investigation or a
confidential law enforcement technique or investigation regardless of whether that
investigation involves the pending case or the defendant;
{¶17} “(4) The statement is of a child victim of sexually oriented offense under
the age of thirteen;
{¶18} “(5) The interests of justice require non-disclosure.
{¶19} “Reasonable, articulable grounds may include, but are not limited to, the
nature of the case, the specific course of conduct of one or more parties, threats or prior
4 instances of witness tampering or intimidation, whether or not those instances resulted
in criminal charges, whether the defendant is pro se, and any other relevant information.
{¶20} “The prosecuting attorney’s certification shall identify the nondisclosed
material.”
{¶21} Here, the prosecutor’s written certification of nondisclosure correctly
identifies the nondisclosed material and the general reasons for nondisclosure
consistent with Crim.R. 16(D). Although the rule requires the prosecuting attorney to
have reasonable, articulable grounds in support of prongs (1) and (2) under Crim.R.
16(D), the rule does not require the prosecution to spell out those grounds in its initial
written notice of nondisclosure filed with the court.
{¶22} Pursuant to Crim.R. 16(F), the trial court was required to hold a hearing
before granting Burch’s motion. State v. McKelton, 148 Ohio St.3d 261, 2016-Ohio-
5735, 70 N.E.3d 508, ¶52, reconsideration denied, 147 Ohio St.3d 1446, 2016-Ohio-
7854, 63 N.E.3d 1215, and cert. denied, 137 S.Ct. 1594, 197 L.Ed.2d 720 (2017).
{¶23} Crim.R. 16(F) states:
{¶24} “(F) Review of Prosecuting Attorney’s Certification of Non-
Disclosure. Upon motion of the defendant, the trial court shall review the prosecuting
attorney’s decision of nondisclosure * * * for abuse of discretion during an in camera
hearing conducted seven days prior to trial, with counsel participating.
{¶25} “(1) Upon a finding of an abuse of discretion by the prosecuting attorney,
the trial court may order disclosure, grant a continuance, or other appropriate relief.
5 {¶26} “(2) Upon a finding by the trial court of an abuse of discretion by the
prosecuting attorney, the prosecuting attorney may file an interlocutory appeal pursuant
to division (K) of Rule 12 of the Rules of Criminal Procedure.
{¶27} “(3) Unless, for good cause shown, the court orders otherwise, any
material disclosed by court order under this section shall be deemed to be ‘counsel only’
material, whether or not it is marked as such.
{¶28} “(4) Notwithstanding the provisions of (E)(2), in the case of a statement by
a victim of a sexually oriented offense less than thirteen years of age, where the trial
court finds no abuse of discretion, and the prosecuting attorney has not certified for
nondisclosure under (D)(1) or (D)(2) of this rule, or has filed for nondisclosure under
(D)(1) or (D)(2) of this rule and the court has found an abuse of discretion in doing so,
the prosecuting attorney shall permit defense counsel, or the agents or employees of
defense counsel to inspect the statement at that time.
{¶29} “(5) If the court finds no abuse of discretion by the prosecuting attorney, a
copy of any discoverable material that was not disclosed before trial shall be provided to
the defendant no later than commencement of trial. If the court continues the trial after
the disclosure, the testimony of any witness shall be perpetuated on motion of the state
subject to further cross-examination for good cause shown.” (Emphasis added.)
{¶30} The mandatory nature of the hearing requirement in Crim.R. 16(F) is clear.
The rule permits a trial court to order disclosure after a hearing and upon a finding that
the prosecutor abused his discretion. Once the state properly certified its reason for
withholding the victim’s statements, the onus was on Burch to invoke the review
6 process under Crim.R. 16(F). State v. Hebdon, 12th Dist. Butler Nos. CA2012-03-052
and CA2012-03-062, 2013-Ohio-1729, ¶51.
{¶31} Thus, upon receiving defense counsel’s motion for the minor victim’s
statements, the trial court was required to conduct an in camera hearing under Crim.R.
16(F) before ordering disclosure of a complete transcript of the victim’s recorded
statements.
{¶32} Accordingly, we reverse and remand.
CYNTHIA WESTCOTT RICE, P.J.,
COLLEEN MARY O’TOOLE, J.,
concur.