State v. Bryant

• Court: New Mexico Court of Appeals
• Decided: August 12, 2009
• Docket: 29,444
• Status: Unpublished

Opinion

1 This memorandum opinion was not selected for publication in the New Mexico Reports. Please 2 see Rule 12-405 NMRA for restrictions on the citation of unpublished memorandum opinions. 3 Please also note that this electronic memorandum opinion may contain computer-generated 4 errors or other deviations from the official paper version filed by the Court of Appeals and does 5 not include the filing date.

6 IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF NEW MEXICO

7 STATE OF NEW MEXICO,

8 Plaintiff-Appellant,

9 v. NO. 29,444

10 JOHN BRYANT,

11 Defendant-Appellee.

12 APPEAL FROM THE DISTRICT COURT OF BERNALILLO COUNTY 13 Ross C. Sanchez, District Judge

14 Gary K. King, Attorney General 15 Santa Fe, NM

16 M. Victoria Wilson, Assistant Attorney General 17 Albuquerque, NM

18 for Appellant

19 Hugh W. Dangler, Chief Public Defender 20 Nancy M. Hewitt, Assistant Appellate Defender 21 Santa Fe, NM

22 for Appellee

23 MEMORANDUM OPINION

24 VIGIL, Judge. 1 The State appeals the order granting Defendant’s motion to suppress. We

2 proposed to affirm the district court’s decision in a calendar notice, and the State

3 has responded with a memorandum in opposition. We have carefully considered

4 the State’s arguments, but we are not persuaded that affirmance is not the

5 appropriate disposition in this case. We therefore affirm.

6 In our calendar notice, we limited our discussion to the question of whether

7 the district court erred in finding the stop to be pretextual. The district court found

8 that the officer stopped Defendant in order to conduct an investigation unrelated to

9 Defendant’s driving, and therefore, under State v. Ochoa, 2009-NMCA-002, 146

10 N.M. 32, 206 P.3d 143 (filed 2008), cert. granted, 2008-NMCERT-012, 145 N.M.

11 572, 203 P.3d 103, the stop was pretextual. [RP 115-16] We relied on Ochoa in

12 our calendar notice, and proposed to agree that the stop was pretextual and the

13 evidence seized as a result of the stop was inadmissible.

14 In response to the calendar notice, the State argues that we should reconsider

15 and reject the decision in Ochoa. The State claims that, by granting certiorari in

16 Ochoa, the Supreme Court “has precluded [our Court] from acting on” [the Ochoa]

17 decision. [MIO 5] Although the State cites to authority for its discussion of why

18 certiorari is granted in certain cases, and the effect of the issuance of mandate on

19 our decisions, the State does not cite authority for its claim that we are “precluded”

2 1 from following our own decisions, particularly when the Supreme Court has not

2 yet decided a case on certiorari. See State v. Doe, 93 N.M. 143, 145, 597 P.2d

3 1183, 1185 (Ct. App. 1979) (explaining that appellate court will not consider

4 arguments that are not supported by cited authority). Our Supreme Court has

5 granted certiorari in Ochoa, but has not yet made any decision in the case. As

6 Ochoa has not been overruled or reversed, we continue to rely on that decision in

7 addressing the issues raised by this appeal. We decline the State’s request to

8 certify this case or hold it in abeyance until the Supreme Court reviews our

9 decision in Ochoa.

10 The State again argues that Defendant consented to additional questioning

11 and a search of his vehicle after he was informed that he was free to leave. The

12 State claims that the consent to additional questions and the consent to search were

13 not tainted by the initial stop because the stop and questioning were sufficiently

14 separated in time and by intervening circumstances in that the officer issued a

15 warning and Defendant indicated that he knew he was free to leave. [MIO 29-30]

16 As discussed in our calendar notice, Defendant established that he was arrested on

17 charges unrelated to the stop; the officer was trained to conduct drug investigations

18 and his partner was a K-9 dog; the officer stopped Defendant on a known

19 “operation pipeline” for moving drugs; the officer found Defendant to be

3 1 cooperative and stated that Defendant’s answers to questions did not vary; the

2 officer admitted that Defendant’s nervousness was typical of persons stopped by

3 police and that most people consent to the search of a vehicle; and the officer

4 stated that, if Defendant had not consented to a search, he would still have

5 deployed his K-9 partner around the vehicle. Based on the evidence presented

6 below, the district court’s finding that the officer’s motive for stopping Defendant

7 was unrelated to Defendant’s driving, and was therefore pretextual under Ochoa is

8 supported by substantial evidence. For these reasons and those discussed in our

9 calendar notice, we affirm the order granting Defendant’s suppression motion.

10 IT IS SO ORDERED.

11 12 13 MICHAEL E. VIGIL, Judge

14 WE CONCUR:

15 16 MICHAEL D. BUSTAMANTE, Judge

17 18 RODERICK T. KENNEDY, Judge