State v. Brewer

511 S.E.2d 112, 204 W. Va. 1, 1998 W. Va. LEXIS 177
CourtWest Virginia Supreme Court
DecidedDecember 1, 1998
DocketNo. 25013
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 511 S.E.2d 112 (State v. Brewer) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering West Virginia Supreme Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Brewer, 511 S.E.2d 112, 204 W. Va. 1, 1998 W. Va. LEXIS 177 (W. Va. 1998).

Opinion

PER CURIAM:

Mr. Charles Brewer (hereinafter “Mr. Brewer” or “Appellant”) appeals his conviction for three counts of receiving stolen property. Mr. Brewer contends that the Circuit Court of Jefferson County erred in denying his motion to suppress evidence seized from his van; that the court erred in convicting and sentencing him for three separate charges of receiving stolen property when the State presented no evidence that Mr. Brewer received the property on three separate occasions; and that the court erred in failing to grant a mistrial subsequent to certain statements of an investigating officer. The State concedes that three separate occasions of receiving stolen property were not proven and that three separate convictions were therefore improper. We reverse on that basis, affirm in all other respects, and remand for appropriate sentencing in accordance with this opinion.

I. Facts

On March 7, 1995, Jefferson County police received an anonymous tip informing them that a man was selling drugs out of a van in a grocery store parking lot, and the anonymous caller provided a description of the van. Trooper Monte Williams thereafter received a radio call from Jefferson County Emergency Headquarters regarding a gray van in a grocery store parking lot and proceeded toward the parking lot. Sergeant Robbie Roberts contacted Trooper Williams and informed him that he had previously obtained information from a confidential informant indicating that Mr. Charles Brewer had been selling crack cocaine out of his van and that Mr. Brewer kept a loaded nine-millimeter pistol in a secret overhead compartment in the van.

As they proceeded toward the parking lot in separate vehicles, Sergeant Roberts and Trooper Williams observed a gray van pulling into a restaurant parking lot, and they stopped that vehicle. Mr. Brewer exited the van and walked toward Trooper Williams. While Trooper Williams “patted down” Mr. Brewer, finding no drugs or weapons, Sergeant Roberts looked into the van and observed an overhead compartment, as the confidential informant had reported. Sergeant Roberts reached into the van, opened the overhead compartment, and discovered a loaded firearm. Trooper Jose Centeno then arrived at the scene, looked into the van through a window with his flashlight, and observed several guns on the floor. Trooper Centeno conducted a search of the vehicle, discovering crack cocaine and fifteen rifles.

On September 29, 1995, Mr. Brewer was indicted for possession of a controlled substance and four counts of receiving stolen property. One count of receiving stolen property was dismissed prior to trial, and the possession charge was severed from the receiving charges.

On June 26, 1996, Mr. Brewer filed a motion to suppress the evidence seized from the van, contending that all evidence should be suppressed due to an allegedly illegal stop and search of the vehicle. That motion to suppress was denied after a hearing before the lower court. Subsequent to a December 5, 1996, trial, Mr. Brewer was convicted of three counts of receiving stolen property. Motions for acquittal and a new trial were denied by the lower court. On March 10, 1997, Mr. Brewer was sentenced to one year for each count, to run consecutively. Mr. Brewer was released on bond pending his appeal to this Court.

Mr. Brewer assigns error as follows: (1) the lower court erred in denying Mr. Brewer’s motion to suppress all evidence seized from the van, based upon the allegedly illegal stop and search of the van; (2) the lower court erred in improperly convicting Mr. Brewer for three separate counts of receiving stolen property despite the State’s failure to prove three separate occasions of receiving property; and (3) the lower court erred in failing to grant the requested mistrial subsequent to testimony by Trooper Centeno regarding the stolen rifles in Mr. Brewer’s van.

II. The Initial Stop and the Search

Syllabus point three of State v. Stuart, 192 W.Va. 428, 452 S.E.2d 886 (1994), [4]*4instructs as follows: “On appeal, legal conclusions made with regard to suppression determinations are reviewed de novo. Factual determinations upon which these legal conclusions are based are reviewed under the clearly erroneous standard. In addition, factual findings based, at least in part, on determinations of witness credibility are accorded great deference.” We therefore review the allegations of illegality of the stop and search issues under a de novo standard of review.

A. The Initial Stop

We explained as follows in syllabus point one of Stuart.

Police officers may stop a vehicle to investigate if they have an articulable reasonable suspicion that the vehicle is subject to seizure or a person in the vehicle has committed, is committing, or is about to commit a crime. To the extent State v. Meadows, 170 W.Va. 191, 292 S.E.2d 50 (1982), holds otherwise, it is overruled.

Syllabus point two of Stuart elaborates as follows: “When evaluating whether or not particular facts establish reasonable suspicion, one must examine the totality of the circumstances, which includes both the quantity and quality of the information known by the police.” Specifically relevant to stops based in part upon an anonymous tip, syllabus point four of Stuart instructs, “A police officer may rely upon an anonymous call if subsequent police work or other facts support its reliability and, thereby, it is sufficiently corroborated to justify the investigatory stop under the reasonable-suspicion standard.” Syllabus point five of Muscatell v. Cline, 196 W.Va. 588, 474 S.E.2d 518 (1996), reiterates those principles:

For a police officer to make an investigatory stop of a vehicle the officer must have an articulable reasonable suspicion that a crime has been committed, is being committed, or is about to be committed. In making such an evaluation, a police officer may rely upon an anonymous call if subsequent police work or other facts support its reliability, and, thereby, it is sufficiently corroborated to justify the investigatory stop under the reasonable-suspicion standard.

In the present case, the officers predicated the initial stop upon a reasonable suspicion founded in previously obtained information and an anonymous call. Specifically, the officers had obtained information from a confidential informant regarding the Appellant’s drug sales in a certain vicinity. Coupled ■with the anonymous telephone call regarding a gray van in the same vicinity, the officers had the necessary reasonable suspicion. We find that the trial court properly concluded that, under the totality of the circumstances, the initial stop was adequately supported.

B. The Search

The United States Supreme Court, in Michigan v. Long, 463 U.S. 1032, 1049, 103 S.Ct. 3469, 77 L.Ed.2d 1201 (1983), explained:

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Related

State v. Smith
648 S.E.2d 71 (West Virginia Supreme Court, 2007)

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Bluebook (online)
511 S.E.2d 112, 204 W. Va. 1, 1998 W. Va. LEXIS 177, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-brewer-wva-1998.