State v. Allison

2010 WI App 103, 789 N.W.2d 120, 329 Wis. 2d 129, 2010 Wisc. App. LEXIS 570
CourtCourt of Appeals of Wisconsin
DecidedJuly 27, 2010
DocketNo. 2009AP1232
StatusPublished

This text of 2010 WI App 103 (State v. Allison) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Wisconsin primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Allison, 2010 WI App 103, 789 N.W.2d 120, 329 Wis. 2d 129, 2010 Wisc. App. LEXIS 570 (Wis. Ct. App. 2010).

Opinion

CURLEY, PJ.

¶ 1. The State appeals the trial court's grant of summary judgment to Walter Allison, Jr., which resulted in his discharge from his commitment as a sexually violent person. The State argues that summary judgment is not permitted in Wis. Stat. ch. 980 discharge proceedings. We agree and reverse.

I. Background.

¶ 2. On July 9, 1975, Allison was convicted of one count of rape, in violation of Wis. Stat. § 944.01(1) (1973-74), and one count of sexual perversion, in violation of Wis. Stat. § 944.17(1) (1973-74).1 Allison initially was sentenced to thirty years on the rape conviction and four years consecutive on the sexual perversion conviction.2

¶ 3. In September 1990, Allison was mandatorily released from prison on parole. As part of his parole supervision, Allison was required to report to a parole agent once every two weeks. Allison violated the requirements of his parole on numerous occasions. He frequently missed his report dates and, when he did arrive, he often smelled of alcohol. Allison's most seri[133]*133ous violation stemmed from an allegation that he grabbed his nephew's genitals. The nephew was under the supervision of a mental health unit at the time.

¶ 4. On July 15, 1994, the State filed a petition alleging that Allison was a sexually violent person within the meaning of Wis. Stat. § 980.01(7) (1993-94). The trial court held a hearing on July 20, 1994, to determine whether the State's petition was supported by probable cause. The court found there was probable cause to believe that Allison was a sexually violent person within the meaning of § 980.01(7) (1993-94), and Allison was remanded to the custody of the Department of Health and Social Services.

¶ 5. Allison's case went to trial and on October 2, 1996, the jury found that Allison was a sexually violent person as alleged in the State's petition. The court ordered that Allison be committed to the custody of the Department of Health and Social Services for control, care, and treatment until a time when he was no longer a sexually violent person. Allison sought post-commitment relief, including motions for judgment notwithstanding the verdict, directed verdict, and a new trial. The trial court denied Allison's motions. Allison appealed the trial court's denial of post-commitment relief and this court affirmed the trial court's denial on March 23, 1999. State v. Allison, No. 97-0709, unpublished slip op. at 2 (Wis. Ct. App. Mar. 23, 1999).

¶ 6. On February 6, 2009, Allison filed a petition of discharge pursuant to Wis. Stat. § 980.09. Allison alleged that his degree of risk for committing another sexually violent offense was beneath the legal threshold of "more likely than not," and therefore he no longer met the criteria for commitment as a sexually violent person. See id.; Wis. Stat. § 980.02.

[134]*134¶ 7. Two examinations were conducted, pursuant to Wis. Stat. § 980.07, to determine whether Alison still met the criteria for commitment as a sexually violent person. Alison was examined by Dr. Craig B. Rypma, Ph.D. Dr. Rypma's diagnostic impression of Alison was that Alison was alcohol dependant but in full remission, and suffered from mild mental retardation and adult antisocial behavior. However, Dr. Rypma found that significant changes had occurred since Alison was originally committed and determined that Alison no longer met the criteria for commitment as a sexually violent person. Based on that determination, Dr. Rypma recommended that Alison be "released to the community."

¶ 8. Alison was also examined by Dr. Carolyn Hensel Fixmer, Ph.D. Dr. Fixmer diagnosed Alison with paraphilia and personality disorder, each of which is a mental disorder. However, like Dr. Rypma, Dr. Fixmer also determined that Alison no longer met the criteria for commitment as a sexually violent person. Based on her analysis, Dr. Fixmer recommended that Allison "be consider[ed]" for discharge.

¶ 9. Following Dr. Rypma's and Dr. Fixmer's examinations, Alison filed a motion for summary judgment pursuant to Wis. Stat. § 802.08. Alison argued that Wis. Stat. § 980.09 "places the burden of proof upon the State to prove by clear and convincing evidence that Mr. Alison currently remains a sexually violent person," and further argued that the State was unable to meet this burden because it offered "no expert to support the proposition that Alison is a sexually violent person." The State argued that the procedures outlined in § 980.09 for filing a petition for discharge include "no provision allowing [Alison] to move for summary judgment at this stage of the ch. 980 proceedings."

[135]*135¶ 10. After reviewing the filings, the trial court held that summary judgment pursuant to Wis. Stat. § 802.08 was available to Allison in his discharge proceedings. The trial court then granted Allison's motion for summary judgment and ordered that he be discharged from his Wis. Stat. ch. 980 commitment. This appeal follows.

II. Analysis.

A. Use of Summary Judgment in Wis. Stat. ch. 980 Discharge Proceedings

¶ 11. The use of summary judgment in Wis. Stat. ch. 980 discharge proceedings presents a question of statutory interpretation. ' "The interpretation and application of a statute to an undisputed set of facts are questions of law that we review independently."' Estate of Genrich v. OHIC Ins. Co., 2009 WI 67, ¶ 10, 318 Wis. 2d 553, 769 N.W.2d 481 (citation omitted). When interpreting a statute we begin by studying the statute's language, using its common, ordinary, and accepted meaning as our guide. State v. Arends, 2008 WI App 184, ¶ 15, 315 Wis. 2d 162, 762 N.W.2d 422 (Arends I), affd in part and modified by State v. Arends, 2010 WI 46, ¶ 6, 325 Wis. 2d 1, 784 N.W.2d 513 (Arends IT).3 We read the language of the statute in the context in which it was used, "not in isolation but as part of a whole," to avoid unreasonable or absurd results. State ex rel. Kalal v. Circuit Court for Dane County, 2004 WI 58, ¶ 46, 271 Wis. 2d 633, 681 N.W.2d 110. Where this process yields an understanding of the statute that is [136]*136unambiguous and clear, we will apply the statute according to this plain meaning. Bruno v. Milwaukee County, 2003 WI 28, ¶ 20, 260 Wis. 2d 633, 660 N.W.2d 656.

¶ 12. Wisconsin Stat. § 802.08 sets forth the summary judgment standards.

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Bluebook (online)
2010 WI App 103, 789 N.W.2d 120, 329 Wis. 2d 129, 2010 Wisc. App. LEXIS 570, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-allison-wisctapp-2010.