[Cite as State v. Aduddell, 2011-Ohio-582.]
COURT OF APPEALS STARK COUNTY, OHIO FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
JUDGES: STATE OF OHIO : Hon. W. Scott Gwin, P.J. : Hon. Sheila G. Farmer, J. Plaintiff-Appellee : Hon. John W. Wise, J. : -vs- : : Case No. 2010-CA-00137 BRIAN C. ADUDDELL : : Defendant-Appellant : OPINION
CHARACTER OF PROCEEDING: Criminal appeal from the Stark County Court of Common Pleas, Case No. 2006- CR-1115
JUDGMENT: Reversed and Remanded
DATE OF JUDGMENT ENTRY: February 7, 2011
APPEARANCES:
For Plaintiff-Appellee For Defendant-Appellant
JOHN D. FERRERO, JR. BARRY T. WAKSER Stark County Prosecutor Stark County Public Defender 110 Central Plaza S., Ste. 510 200 Tuscarawas Street, Ste 200 Canton, OH 44702 Canton, OH 44702 [Cite as State v. Aduddell, 2011-Ohio-582.]
Gwin, P.J.
{¶1} Defendant-appellant Brian C. Aduddell appeals the April 21, 2010
Judgment Entry of the Stark County Court of Common Pleas denying his motion to be
transferred to a less restrictive treatment commitment setting. Plaintiff-appellee is the
State of Ohio.
STATEMENT OF THE CASE AND FACTS
{¶2} In July 2006, appellant murdered his grandparents, Charles and Evelyn
Evans. He killed Charles by stabbing him multiple times with a knife. Appellant beat
Evelyn with a cane, and stabbed her multiple times. As a result, the Stark County
Grand Jury indicted appellant on two counts of murder.
{¶3} Appellant was initially found incompetent to stand trial, but was later
restored and found competent to stand trial. After a sanity evaluation was ordered,
appellant waived his right to a jury and a trial to the bench was held on August 6, 2007.
The court found appellant not guilty by reason of insanity. The court ordered appellant
committed to Twin Valley Behavioral Healthcare ("Twin Valley") as the least restrictive
commitment alternative.
{¶4} Since appellant’s commitment, he has seen Doctor Dennis Eshbaugh on
three or four occasions for an hour or so on each occasion. Dr. Eshbaugh is a clinical
and forensic psychiatrist who performs independent evaluations of Twin Valley
patients. The purpose of Dr. Eshbaugh's evaluation is to determine the patient's status
as a mentally ill person and to provide an opinion as to the least restrictive treatment
setting for the patient. Stark County, Case No. 2010-CA-00137 3
{¶5} On February 18, 2010, Twin Valley submitted a report to the court
recommending appellant be transferred to the locked civil unit at Heartland Behavioral
Healthcare. (“Heartland”). A hearing was held April 19, 2010 in which Dr. Eshbaugh
testified that in his opinion, Heartland was the least restrictive commitment alternative.
{¶6} Dr. Eshbaugh testified that he has thirty-three years of experience as a
clinical psychologist and fifteen years of experience as a forensic psychologist. The
parties stipulated to his credentials as an expert in both fields. He testified that he has
a contract to conduct independent evaluations for the Ohio Department of Mental
Health. The purpose of this evaluation was to determine if appellant was still a
mentally ill person subject to court-ordered hospitalization and to render an opinion as
to the least restrictive alternative.
{¶7} Dr. Eshbaugh evaluated appellant on January 13, 2009 and February 2,
2010. The 2009 report indicated appellant was still showing signs of mental illness and
had limited participation in treatment and activities. Dr. Eshbaugh then believed if
appellant was moved to a less restrictive environment, the stress created by the move
would likely cause appellant to become "more acutely psychotic," posing a risk to
public safety.
{¶8} The 2010 report indicated that the same negative symptoms contained in
the 2009 report continued, and further indicated that appellant was still not participating
in psychological treatment for serious mental illness nor any therapeutic activities.
Rather, he spent the majority of his time sleeping. Nonetheless, Dr. Eshbaugh's
recommendation as to the least restrictive setting changed in his 2010 report. In that Stark County, Case No. 2010-CA-00137 4
report, Dr. Eshbaugh recommended that appellant be transferred, from his current
maximum security setting to a locked civil unit at Heartland Behavioral Health.
{¶9} At the conclusion of the hearing, the court expressed its concern regarding
appellant's lack of participation in treatment, and therefore questioned his ability to
successfully transfer to Heartland, where he would have more interaction with others.
On April 21, 2010, the court issued a decision denying the transfer.
{¶10} It is from the trial court’s April 21, 2010 Judgment Entry denying
appellant’s transfer to Heartland Behavioral Healthcare that appellant has timely
appealed raising the following assignment of error,
{¶11} “I. THE TRIAL COURT ERRED WHEN IT DENIED APPELLANT'S
TRANSFER FROM TWIN VALLEY BEHAVIORAL HEALTHCARE TO HEARTLAND
BEHAVIORAL HEALTHCARE.”
I.
{¶12} In his sole assignment of error, appellant argues that the trial court erred
when it refused grant his transfer from Twin Valley to Heartland because the state failed
to meet its burden of proof pursuant to R.C. 2945.401(G). We agree.
{¶13} R.C. 2945.401 (D)(1), which governs such a transfer or change in the
conditions of a person's commitment, provides:
{¶14} “[W]hen a defendant or person has been committed under section
2945.39 or 2945.40 of the Revised Code, at any time after evaluating the risks to public
safety and the welfare of the defendant or person, the chief clinical officer of the
hospital, facility, or program to which the defendant or person is committed may Stark County, Case No. 2010-CA-00137 5
recommend a termination of the defendant's or person's commitment or a change in the
conditions of the defendant's or person's commitment.”
{¶15} R.C. 2945.401(G)(2) provides that in order to successfully counter a
request for a less restrictive commitment setting, the state must show "by clear and
convincing evidence that the proposed change represents a threat to public safety or a
threat to the safety of any person."
{¶16} The Ohio Supreme Court has defined “clear and convincing evidence” as
“[t]he measure or degree of proof that will produce in the mind of the trier of fact a firm
belief or conviction as to the allegations sought to be established. It is intermediate,
being more than a mere preponderance, but not to the extent of such certainty as
required beyond a reasonable doubt as in criminal cases. It does not mean clear and
unequivocal.” In re: Estate of Haynes (1986), 25 Ohio St.3d 101, 103-104, 495 N.E.2d
23.
{¶17} Dr. Eshbaugh, in his 2009 report recommended maintaining the status
quo. Dr. Eshbaugh explained that the reason he was now recommending the transfer
was due to the fact that appellant had remained stable over the last year:
{¶18} “So after a year of not participating I think I have to look at what are the
long-term implications about the least restrictive alternative. It looks like this is going to
be a fairly continuous state where it is going to be hard to involve him in psychological
treatments. But because he has been compliant with medication which is of course the
primary treatment of his illness, and has not been aggressive with staff or other patients
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[Cite as State v. Aduddell, 2011-Ohio-582.]
COURT OF APPEALS STARK COUNTY, OHIO FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
JUDGES: STATE OF OHIO : Hon. W. Scott Gwin, P.J. : Hon. Sheila G. Farmer, J. Plaintiff-Appellee : Hon. John W. Wise, J. : -vs- : : Case No. 2010-CA-00137 BRIAN C. ADUDDELL : : Defendant-Appellant : OPINION
CHARACTER OF PROCEEDING: Criminal appeal from the Stark County Court of Common Pleas, Case No. 2006- CR-1115
JUDGMENT: Reversed and Remanded
DATE OF JUDGMENT ENTRY: February 7, 2011
APPEARANCES:
For Plaintiff-Appellee For Defendant-Appellant
JOHN D. FERRERO, JR. BARRY T. WAKSER Stark County Prosecutor Stark County Public Defender 110 Central Plaza S., Ste. 510 200 Tuscarawas Street, Ste 200 Canton, OH 44702 Canton, OH 44702 [Cite as State v. Aduddell, 2011-Ohio-582.]
Gwin, P.J.
{¶1} Defendant-appellant Brian C. Aduddell appeals the April 21, 2010
Judgment Entry of the Stark County Court of Common Pleas denying his motion to be
transferred to a less restrictive treatment commitment setting. Plaintiff-appellee is the
State of Ohio.
STATEMENT OF THE CASE AND FACTS
{¶2} In July 2006, appellant murdered his grandparents, Charles and Evelyn
Evans. He killed Charles by stabbing him multiple times with a knife. Appellant beat
Evelyn with a cane, and stabbed her multiple times. As a result, the Stark County
Grand Jury indicted appellant on two counts of murder.
{¶3} Appellant was initially found incompetent to stand trial, but was later
restored and found competent to stand trial. After a sanity evaluation was ordered,
appellant waived his right to a jury and a trial to the bench was held on August 6, 2007.
The court found appellant not guilty by reason of insanity. The court ordered appellant
committed to Twin Valley Behavioral Healthcare ("Twin Valley") as the least restrictive
commitment alternative.
{¶4} Since appellant’s commitment, he has seen Doctor Dennis Eshbaugh on
three or four occasions for an hour or so on each occasion. Dr. Eshbaugh is a clinical
and forensic psychiatrist who performs independent evaluations of Twin Valley
patients. The purpose of Dr. Eshbaugh's evaluation is to determine the patient's status
as a mentally ill person and to provide an opinion as to the least restrictive treatment
setting for the patient. Stark County, Case No. 2010-CA-00137 3
{¶5} On February 18, 2010, Twin Valley submitted a report to the court
recommending appellant be transferred to the locked civil unit at Heartland Behavioral
Healthcare. (“Heartland”). A hearing was held April 19, 2010 in which Dr. Eshbaugh
testified that in his opinion, Heartland was the least restrictive commitment alternative.
{¶6} Dr. Eshbaugh testified that he has thirty-three years of experience as a
clinical psychologist and fifteen years of experience as a forensic psychologist. The
parties stipulated to his credentials as an expert in both fields. He testified that he has
a contract to conduct independent evaluations for the Ohio Department of Mental
Health. The purpose of this evaluation was to determine if appellant was still a
mentally ill person subject to court-ordered hospitalization and to render an opinion as
to the least restrictive alternative.
{¶7} Dr. Eshbaugh evaluated appellant on January 13, 2009 and February 2,
2010. The 2009 report indicated appellant was still showing signs of mental illness and
had limited participation in treatment and activities. Dr. Eshbaugh then believed if
appellant was moved to a less restrictive environment, the stress created by the move
would likely cause appellant to become "more acutely psychotic," posing a risk to
public safety.
{¶8} The 2010 report indicated that the same negative symptoms contained in
the 2009 report continued, and further indicated that appellant was still not participating
in psychological treatment for serious mental illness nor any therapeutic activities.
Rather, he spent the majority of his time sleeping. Nonetheless, Dr. Eshbaugh's
recommendation as to the least restrictive setting changed in his 2010 report. In that Stark County, Case No. 2010-CA-00137 4
report, Dr. Eshbaugh recommended that appellant be transferred, from his current
maximum security setting to a locked civil unit at Heartland Behavioral Health.
{¶9} At the conclusion of the hearing, the court expressed its concern regarding
appellant's lack of participation in treatment, and therefore questioned his ability to
successfully transfer to Heartland, where he would have more interaction with others.
On April 21, 2010, the court issued a decision denying the transfer.
{¶10} It is from the trial court’s April 21, 2010 Judgment Entry denying
appellant’s transfer to Heartland Behavioral Healthcare that appellant has timely
appealed raising the following assignment of error,
{¶11} “I. THE TRIAL COURT ERRED WHEN IT DENIED APPELLANT'S
TRANSFER FROM TWIN VALLEY BEHAVIORAL HEALTHCARE TO HEARTLAND
BEHAVIORAL HEALTHCARE.”
I.
{¶12} In his sole assignment of error, appellant argues that the trial court erred
when it refused grant his transfer from Twin Valley to Heartland because the state failed
to meet its burden of proof pursuant to R.C. 2945.401(G). We agree.
{¶13} R.C. 2945.401 (D)(1), which governs such a transfer or change in the
conditions of a person's commitment, provides:
{¶14} “[W]hen a defendant or person has been committed under section
2945.39 or 2945.40 of the Revised Code, at any time after evaluating the risks to public
safety and the welfare of the defendant or person, the chief clinical officer of the
hospital, facility, or program to which the defendant or person is committed may Stark County, Case No. 2010-CA-00137 5
recommend a termination of the defendant's or person's commitment or a change in the
conditions of the defendant's or person's commitment.”
{¶15} R.C. 2945.401(G)(2) provides that in order to successfully counter a
request for a less restrictive commitment setting, the state must show "by clear and
convincing evidence that the proposed change represents a threat to public safety or a
threat to the safety of any person."
{¶16} The Ohio Supreme Court has defined “clear and convincing evidence” as
“[t]he measure or degree of proof that will produce in the mind of the trier of fact a firm
belief or conviction as to the allegations sought to be established. It is intermediate,
being more than a mere preponderance, but not to the extent of such certainty as
required beyond a reasonable doubt as in criminal cases. It does not mean clear and
unequivocal.” In re: Estate of Haynes (1986), 25 Ohio St.3d 101, 103-104, 495 N.E.2d
23.
{¶17} Dr. Eshbaugh, in his 2009 report recommended maintaining the status
quo. Dr. Eshbaugh explained that the reason he was now recommending the transfer
was due to the fact that appellant had remained stable over the last year:
{¶18} “So after a year of not participating I think I have to look at what are the
long-term implications about the least restrictive alternative. It looks like this is going to
be a fairly continuous state where it is going to be hard to involve him in psychological
treatments. But because he has been compliant with medication which is of course the
primary treatment of his illness, and has not been aggressive with staff or other patients
other than going to group activities, he has been very cooperative with staff. We felt Stark County, Case No. 2010-CA-00137 6
that or at least it was my opinion that he could be transferred to a civil, a locked civil unit
and be managed in that environment.
{¶19} “* * *
{¶20} “Well, he has -- again I have to look at it from the perspective of a locked
unit on a civil mental health facility. One would hope there would be very limited access
to any kind of alcohol or drugs and so that's why I would look at that as a risk factor that
is in fact controlled.
{¶21} “If he was being looked at for conditional release where he would be
returned to the community, I would have very definite concerns about that because he is
not participating.
{¶22} “[Prosecutor]. The question then is with those risk factors still remaining,
that being the alcohol, though I understand the qualification about it being a locked
facility, the failure to involve himself in mental health treatment and the dreams
continuing, what in your opinion then changes your recommendation as far as the
setting of his hospitalization?
{¶23} “[Dr. Eshbaugh]. At this time -- well, a year ago I would have felt that he
would benefit from another year in a maximum-security facility in an effort to get him
more involved in treatments. I think over the past year we might -- he might really be
telling us that his mental illness has plateaued. Can we expect him to get significantly
better so to speak, the mental illness? I am not certain at this point in time that it will.
So in a sense he is mentally stabilized.
{¶24} “There are some significant concerns with him still and that's why again if I
were discussing anything about whether does he have a mental illness, should he be Stark County, Case No. 2010-CA-00137 7
out in the community, it would be yes, he still has a mental illness, no, I don't think he
should be out in the community or in anything less restrictive than a civil setting or a civil
unit.
{¶25} “Which it's been my experience in a civil unit that the level of his mental
illness can be managed in that sort of environment because he is not particularly
hostile, aggressive, and generally cooperative face to face with people one-on-one. He
will continue with treatment so there's much less risk of him being harmful to others
which is a primary concern. And with that reduced risk in my opinion at this time he
does not necessarily need to be in a maximum security mental health facility.” T. at 16-
17.
{¶26} Dr. Eshbaugh further testified concerning appellant’s lack of aggressive or
threatening behavior during his hospitalization,
{¶27} “Well, actually in doing a risk assessment we go much further, but during
his hospital stay I believe it was since 2007, he has not been aggressive. The
symptoms have remitted partially so they are in partial remission. But, yes, one thing
we will look at is there suicidal behavior or is there aggressive behavior. And during his
hospital stay there has not been.
{¶28} “And during a risk assessment we will actually go prior to the instant
offenses and take a look at that history, which there was nothing in it that would indicate
a personality disorder or any social personality disorder. He doesn't really have a
violent history prior to that which significantly reduces the likelihood of any kind of
further violence.” T. at 18-19. Stark County, Case No. 2010-CA-00137 8
{¶29} Dr. Eshbaugh went on to state that appellant's level of mental illness
could be managed in a locked civil unit at Heartland. (T. at 11; 16). This is due to
appellant's compliance with medications, cooperation with staff, lack of aggression, and
absence of delusions or hallucinations.
{¶30} Finally, Dr. Eshbaugh testified that appellant is not simply a malingerer,
{¶31} “[Mr. Wakser]: Doctor, the negative symptoms that you have testified
about, the lack of participation and activities, lack of social interaction, is that
necessarily a volitional act on Brian's part, or is that something which could be more
associated with the disease itself or side effects of the medications?
{¶32} “[Dr. Eshbaugh]: In my opinion it is most typical that it's involuntary. That
it's either a function of the medication they are taking, it could be an indication of some
kind of actual mental deterioration or a combination of the both. But particularly in this
case I do not believe it's voluntary. It is not like hanging out having a nice time there.
It's really involuntary and he has no control over it particularly.” T. at 29-30.
{¶33} If the state had questioned Dr. Eshbaugh's opinion, it could have sought
another expert opinion. R.C. 2945.401(D)(1)(c). It did not do so in the case at bar. The
state presented no evidence that appellant's transfer would put the public at risk. The
state offered no evidence of Heartland's inability to properly house an insanity acquittee
such as appellant. The state clearly failed to meet its burden of proof pursuant to R.C.
2945.401 (G)(2).
{¶34} Accordingly, the trial court erred in refusing to grant his transfer from Twin
Valley to Heartland. Stark County, Case No. 2010-CA-00137 9
{¶35} Appellant’s sole assignment of error is sustained. The judgment of the
Stark County Court of Common Pleas is reversed, and this matter is remanded for
proceedings in accordance with our opinion and the law.
By Gwin, P.J.,
Farmer, J., and
Wise, J., concur
_________________________________ HON. W. SCOTT GWIN
_________________________________ HON. SHEILA G. FARMER
_________________________________ HON. JOHN W. WISE WSG:clw 0119 [Cite as State v. Aduddell, 2011-Ohio-582.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS FOR STARK COUNTY, OHIO
FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
STATE OF OHIO : : Plaintiff-Appellee : : : -vs- : JUDGMENT ENTRY : BRIAN C. ADUDDELL : : : Defendant-Appellant : CASE NO. 2010-CA-00137
For the reasons stated in our accompanying Memorandum-Opinion, the
judgment of the Stark County Court of Common Pleas is reversed, and this matter is
remanded for proceedings in accordance with our opinion and the law. Costs to
appellee.
_________________________________ HON. JOHN W. WISE