State v. Adkins

721 So. 2d 1090, 1998 WL 774694
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedNovember 9, 1998
Docket31300-KA
StatusPublished
Cited by7 cases

This text of 721 So. 2d 1090 (State v. Adkins) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Adkins, 721 So. 2d 1090, 1998 WL 774694 (La. Ct. App. 1998).

Opinion

721 So.2d 1090 (1998)

STATE of Louisiana, Appellee,
v.
Ricky ADKINS, Appellant.

No. 31300-KA.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Second Circuit.

November 9, 1998.

*1092 Wilson Rambo, Louisiana Appellate Project, for Appellant.

Richard Ieyoub, Attorney General, Don Burkett, District Attorney, Richard Z. Johnson, Jr., Assistant District Attorney, for Appellee.

Before NORRIS, WILLIAMS and CARAWAY, JJ.

NORRIS, Judge.

Ricky Adkins was indicted on three counts of aggravated rape involving girls under the age of 12. He proceeded to jury trial and was found guilty of two counts of forcible rape. The District Court sentenced him to concurrent terms of 40 years at hard labor, the first two years of each without benefit of parole, probation or suspension of sentence. Adkins now appeals, urging several assignments of error. For the reasons expressed, we affirm.

Procedural background

Ricky Adkins was arrested in May 1996 for allegedly molesting three sisters, all under the age of 12, between January and July 1995. The girls' mother, Ruthie Barkins, was Adkins's girlfriend; at the time of the alleged offenses, Ms. Barkins and the girls were living with him (the youngest girl, L.B., is Adkins's child). An indictment on three counts of aggravated rape followed in January 1997. Adkins filed a motion for expeditious disposition of the case pursuant to La. R.S. 15:171 and, later, a motion to quash based on violations of the same statute and the speedy trial law; both were denied. Jury trial was held in July 1997. The evidence included the testimony of the victims, their mother and other family members, an expert psychiatrist and pediatrician, a social worker and sheriff's deputy, and the defendant himself. This testimony will be summarized in conjunction with Adkins's sufficiency claim.

After three hours of deliberation, the jury found Adkins guilty of the responsive charge of forcible rape with respect to the two older girls, C.B. and S.B. (who are not related to him), and acquitted him of the charge against L.B., his daughter. The District Court ordered a pre-sentence investigation report ("PSI"); Adkins filed a pro se motion for new trial, alleging numerous grounds, chiefly ineffective assistance of counsel. New counsel was appointed and a hearing was held; the motion for new trial was denied. In February 1998 the District Court sentenced Adkins, on each count, to concurrent sentences of 40 years at hard labor, the first two of each without benefit of parole, probation or suspension of sentence.

Discussion: Sufficiency of the evidence

By his fourth, fifth and sixth assignments of error Adkins contends the evidence is not sufficient to support his convictions for forcible rape.[1]

When a defendant challenges both the sufficiency of evidence and one or more other trial errors, the appellate court should first resolve the sufficiency challenge. State v. Hearold, 603 So.2d 731 (La.1992); State v. Evans, 29,675 (La.App. 2 Cir. 9/24/97), 700 So.2d 1039, writ denied 97-2942 (La.1/9/98), 705 So.2d 1121. The constitutional standard of review is "whether, after viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the prosecution, any trier of fact could have found the essential elements of the crime beyond a reasonable doubt." Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U.S. 307, 319, 99 S.Ct. 2781, 2789, 61 L.Ed.2d 560 (1979); State v. Cummings, 95-1377 (La.2/28/96), 668 So.2d 1132. This standard, initially enunciated in Jackson and now legislatively embodied in La.C.Cr.P. art. 821, is applicable in cases involving both direct and circumstantial evidence. State v. Smith, 441 So.2d 739 (La.1983); State v. Daniels, 614 So.2d 97 (La.App. 2 Cir.), writ denied 619 So.2d 573 (1993). This standard does not provide the appellate court with a vehicle to substitute its own appreciation of the evidence for that of the fact finder. State v. Robertson, 96-1048 (La.10/4/96), 680 So.2d 1165. The appellate court does not assess credibility or re-weigh evidence. *1093 State v. Smith, 94-3116 (La.10/16/95), 661 So.2d 442.

When the defendant asserts that he was not the perpetrator, or he remains silent, the State bears the burden of negating any reasonable probability of misidentification. State v. Powell, 27,959 (La.App. 2 Cir. 4/21/96), 677 So.2d 1008 (on rehearing), writ denied 96-1807 (La.2/21/97), 688 So.2d 520. In the absence of internal contradiction or irreconcilable conflict with physical evidence, one witness's testimony, if believed by the trier of fact, is sufficient to support a defendant's conviction. State v. Braswell, 605 So.2d 702 (La.App. 2 Cir.1992), and citations therein; State v. Gradick, 29,231 (La.App. 2 Cir. 1/22/97), 687 So.2d 1071. Specifically, a rape victim's testimony establishing the facts of the offense is sufficient to prove sexual penetration and the other elements of the offense, absent irresolvable conflict with the physical evidence. State v. Rives, 407 So.2d 1195 (La.1981); State v. Thomas, 30,490 (La. App. 2 Cir. 4/8/98), 711 So.2d 808; State v. Standifer, 513 So.2d 481 (La.App. 2 Cir. 1987).

Rape is defined as the act of anal or vaginal sexual intercourse with a male or female person committed without a person's lawful consent. Emission is not necessary and any sexual penetration, vaginal or anal, however slight, is sufficient to complete the crime. La. R.S. 14:41. Forcible rape is committed when:

the anal or vaginal intercourse is deemed to be without the lawful consent of the victim because the victim is prevented from resisting the act by force or threats of physical violence under circumstances where the victim reasonably believes that such resistance would not prevent the rape. La. R.S. 14:42.1.

The State's evidence against Adkins was fairly extensive. C.B. and S.B. were nine and 10 years old respectively at the time of the offenses. Their uncle, Jessie Summers, testified that shortly before the arrest, he overheard their conversation at play, and C.B. said that Adkins had been "hunching" them. He confronted them with this; C.B. repeated the statement, and S.B. initially said nothing had happened. After being reassured no harm would come to her, S.B. admitted that Adkins "was hunching us" and told them he would kill them if they told anybody. They related that Adkins put his hands in places that made them feel uncomfortable and caused them to bleed. Summers could not remember exactly when this conversation occurred, but testified that the girls' mother, Ms. Barkins, moved out shortly afterward. K.B., the victims' 13-year-old brother, corroborated that C.B. and S.B. told him that Adkins had "raped" and "beat" them, and they were afraid of him. K.B. said they told him this in 1995 when they were still living with Adkins.

An expert in child and adolescent psychiatry, Dr. Gregory J. Brown, testified that he had been treating C.B. for severe emotional and violent outbursts since March 1996. According to Dr. Brown, C.B. reported that she had been sexually molested; at first, she was scared to give any details of the incident because of threats she would be killed, but Dr. Brown said this reaction is "very typical" in such situations. Eventually, however, C.B. told the doctor in great detail how her mother's boyfriend had "physically and forcibly raped" her while they lived with him, about a year or 18 months prior to her initial visit.

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Bluebook (online)
721 So. 2d 1090, 1998 WL 774694, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-adkins-lactapp-1998.