State of Missouri v. Eric V. McMillon

CourtMissouri Court of Appeals
DecidedApril 26, 2022
DocketWD84257
StatusPublished

This text of State of Missouri v. Eric V. McMillon (State of Missouri v. Eric V. McMillon) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Missouri Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State of Missouri v. Eric V. McMillon, (Mo. Ct. App. 2022).

Opinion

In the Missouri Court of Appeals Western District

 STATE OF MISSOURI,   Respondent,  WD84257 v.  OPINION FILED:  ERIC V. MCMILLON,  APRIL 26, 2022  Appellant.   

Appeal from the Circuit Court of Jackson County, Missouri The Honorable Kevin D. Harrell, Judge

Before Division Three: Anthony Rex Gabbert, Presiding Judge, Lisa White Hardwick, Judge, Thomas N. Chapman, Judge

Eric V. McMillon appeals the circuit court’s judgment, entered on a jury verdict, convicting

him of one count of Statutory Rape in the First Degree, Section 566.032,1 and one count of

Statutory Sodomy in the First Degree, Section 566.062. On appeal, McMillon contends that the

circuit court erred in changing the venue of his trial from western Jackson County to eastern

Jackson County, thereby denying him the right to be tried in the proper venue and violating his

rights to a fair trial and due process of law under the Fifth, Sixth, and Fourteenth Amendments to

the United States Constitution and article I, sections 10, 18(a), 19 and 22(a) of the Missouri

1 All statutory references are to the Revised Statutes of Missouri, 2016, as updated through 2017. Constitution. He argues that the court had no statutory authority under Section 478.461 to change

the venue of the trial, as there was no agreement of the parties to transfer the case from the western

portion of Jackson County to the eastern portion of Jackson County, and the transfer did not occur

because there was a disproportionate number of cases in the western portion. We affirm.

Background and Procedural Information

McMillon was indicted by a grand jury on one count of rape in the first degree under

Section 566.030, for allegedly having sexual intercourse with a child less than twelve years of age

between July 1, 2014, and March 11, 2017. He was additionally indicted on one count of sodomy

in the first degree under Section 566.060, for allegedly having deviate sexual intercourse with a

child less than twelve years of age between July 1, 2014, and March 11, 2017.

McMillon’s case was assigned to Division 18 in Kansas City on July 23, 2018; his trial

was scheduled for January 7, 2019. On December 20, 2018, McMillon requested a continuance

and his trial was rescheduled for July 8, 2019. On June 27, 2019, the parties appeared for a pre-

trial conference, at which time McMillon requested a continuance. Trial was rescheduled for

March 30, 2020, with a notation that there would be no further continuances. McMillon’s trial did

not occur on March 30, 2020, due to a Missouri Supreme Court order suspending all pending jury

trials in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. Supreme Court of Missouri en banc, In re: Response

to the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic (March 16, 2020). McMillon’s trial was

moved to October 5, 2020.

A pre-trial conference was held September 24, 2020. The judge informed the parties that

McMillon’s case had the highest priority of the cases the judge had set for October 5, 2020. This

was in part due to there being an alleged child victim. The court took up various pre-trial motions

at that time. On September 25, 2020, jury trials were suspended at the Western Jackson County

2 Courthouse in Kansas City due to specific circumstances arising within that courthouse related to

COVID-19. Circuit Court of Jackson County, Missouri, In Re: Updated Court Operations under

Supreme Court Operational Directives – Effective September 25, 2020. The order expressly stated

that it pertained only to court operations at the Kansas City Courthouse, and that jury trials would

continue in the Eastern Jackson County Courthouse in Independence, Missouri. Id. The record

reflects that, in response to the closing of the Western Jackson County Courthouse, the court was

entertaining the idea of holding McMillon’s trial at the Eastern Jackson County Courthouse.

On October 4, 2020, McMillon filed a “Motion in Opposition to Change of Venue” wherein

he asked that the court “deny the transfer of the above styled cause of action from the Western

portion of Jackson County to Independence.” McMillon argued that “venue is determined solely

by statute,” specifically Section 478.461 with regard to Jackson County, and that “there is no

statutory basis for a change of venue.” McMillon argued that the statute treats eastern and western

Jackson County like two separate counties, and the statute did not authorize moving McMillon’s

trial to eastern Jackson County. McMillon further argued that Rule 32 of the Sixteenth Judicial

Circuit barred the presiding judge from transferring a case between divisions more than ten days

after the initial plea was entered.

The State challenged McMillon’s motion and argued that there was no true transfer of

venue, just a change of facilities. In response to McMillon suggesting that he would be subject to

a different pool of jurors, the State argued that jurors in Jackson County are all pulled from voter

registration rolls, and then sent either to the eastern portion of the county or the western, and the

pool was not based on where the jurors live within the county. Hence, the jurors would be drawn

from the same pool regardless of the location of the trial. The State argued that presiding judges

have the administrative authority to make a facility change in order to facilitate a trial, both

3 statutorily and through recent Supreme Court orders issued due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The

State indicated that Section 491.710 requires criminal cases involving child witnesses to be given

docket priority, and McMillon’s case had been pending for three and a half years.

On October 5, 2020, McMillon was in COVID-19 related quarantine and was not scheduled

to be released from quarantine until October 7, 2020. The parties, nevertheless, appeared before

the court and argued their positions regarding moving trial to the Eastern Jackson County

Courthouse. The court discussed with the parties that jury selection could begin on October 6,

2020, if the trial was held at the Eastern Jackson County Courthouse. McMillon declined to waive

his presence for jury selection, and believed that his appearance over video for jury selection would

be prejudicial. The court stated that it would table the motions regarding moving the trial to the

Eastern Jackson County Courthouse as it anticipated the Western Jackson County Courthouse

would reopen soon. McMillon’s trial was rescheduled for November 2, 2020.

On October 22, 2020, the parties met for a pretrial conference. At that time, the court noted

that, the day prior, there had been another confirmed COVID-19 case at the Western Jackson

County Courthouse. However, McMillon’s trial remained scheduled for November 2, 2020.

On October 29, 2020, the trial judge initially granted McMillon’s “Motion in Opposition

to Change of Venue,” but rescinded the order when, on that same date, the presiding judge of the

16th Judicial Circuit ordered the case to proceed to trial at the Eastern Jackson County Courthouse.

The order noted that the presiding judge had general administrative authority over all dockets and

cases within the circuit pursuant to Local Court Rule 100. The order cited Section 478.240.2 and

“Administrative Orders 2020-166 & 2020-179” in additional support. The order clarified that “the

above captioned case is not being transferred to another division,” but that even if it were, Section

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State of Missouri v. Eric V. McMillon, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-of-missouri-v-eric-v-mcmillon-moctapp-2022.