STATE OF MISSOURI, Plaintiff-Respondent v. MARK ALBERT FRIEND

• Court: Missouri Court of Appeals
• Decided: January 29, 2020
• Docket: SD36008
• Status: Published

Opinion

STATE OF MISSOURI, ) ) Plaintiff-Respondent, ) ) vs. ) No. SD36008 ) MARK ALBERT FRIEND, ) Filed: January 29, 2020 ) Defendant-Appellant. )

APPEAL FROM THE CIRCUIT COURT OF SCOTT COUNTY

Honorable Joe Z. Satterfield, Special Judge

AFFIRMED IN PART, REVERSED IN PART, AND REMANDED FOR RESENTENCING

Mark Albert Friend (“Appellant”) appeals his convictions for various sexual abuse

crimes against two victims. In his first point, Appellant claims the trial court erred in

precluding the admission of evidence that both victims had been physically and

emotionally abused by someone other than Appellant. His three other points challenge

the conviction for Count II, child molestation of a child less than twelve years of age. We

deny Appellant’s first point; however, we reverse the conviction for Count II and remand

to the trial court for resentencing.

In his first point on appeal, Appellant argues that the trial court abused its

1 discretion in precluding evidence that the victims’ father (“Father”) had physically and

emotionally abused them. He contends that the victims made up the abuse by Appellant

so they would not have to live with Father. 1 The trial court found that there was no

evidence that the statements were false and it was a collateral issue for the jury to have to

determine whether they were true or false. The statements went to the witnesses’

credibility on a collateral issue. In the offer of proof, one of the victims testified about

Father’s physical, verbal, and emotional abuse but stated the reason she wanted to get

away from Father’s house was to get away from Appellant and the sexual abuse.

Appellant originally thought he was being interviewed by a detective to testify about

Father’s abuse of the victims. He admitted to the detective that he had a close

relationship with the victims and that life was not easy for them at their Father’s house.

He initially claimed that he had a “vivid dream” about sex with the victims but he would

never force himself on the victims. Eventually he admitted to sexual abuse of both

victims and stated that he could not believe the victims would turn on him like this.

A trial court has broad discretion to admit or exclude evidence; we reverse only

for a clear abuse of discretion. State v. Simmons, 515 S.W.3d 769, 774 (Mo.App. W.D.

2017). “[T]rial judges are permitted wide latitude to impose reasonable limits on cross-

examination to address concerns of prejudice, confusion of the issues, and questioning

that is only marginally relevant.” State v. DeClue, 128 S.W.3d 864, 872 (Mo.App. S.D.

2004). The trial court did not abuse its discretion under the facts of this case. The trial

court did not limit Appellant’s questioning concerning the victims’ not wanting to stay

with Father or preferring the mother’s home. Furthermore, the jury heard evidence that

1 Appellant was a friend of Father, who resided in the Father’s home. The victims lived part-time with Father and part-time with their mother.

2 Father had hit one victim and left marks. Appellant testified to the abusive household in

his police interview. Defense counsel freely argued that the victims’ testimony was that

life at Father’s house was horrible, stressful and pressured. Appellant’s counsel argued

that the victims made up the accusations so they could move to their mother’s home and

leave Father’s home. The trial court limited additional testimony on the collateral issue

of Father’s abuse as being unduly confusing to the jury and marginally relevant. Point I

is denied.

In Point II, Appellant argues that the trial court erred in denying his motion for

judgment of acquittal on Count II, a violation of section 566.068, child molestation in the

second degree. Section 566.068 2 provides:

1. A person commits the offense of child molestation in the second degree if he or she: (1) Subjects a child who is less than twelve years of age to sexual contact[.]

....

2. The offense of child molestation in the second degree is a class B felony.

Appellant does not challenge any other element other than the age of the victim. The

undisputed evidence was that the victim in that count was twelve years and ten months

old at the time of the offense.

The State agrees that the conviction must be reversed and remanded to direct the

trial court to enter a conviction for child molestation in the third degree, a violation of

section 566.069. Section 566.069 provides:

1. A person commits the offense of child molestation in the third degree if he or she subjects a child who is less than fourteen years of age to sexual contact.

2 All references to statutes are to RSMo Cum.Supp. 2017 (effective: January 1, 2017).

3 2. The offense of child molestation in the third degree is a class C felony, unless committed by the use of forcible compulsion, in which case it is a class B felony.

Child molestation in the third degree is a statutorily denominated lesser-included offense

of child molestation in the second degree and requires proof of the same or less than all

of the facts required to prove child molestation in the second degree. We reverse the

conviction for child molestation in the second degree and remand to the trial court to

enter a conviction for child molestation in the third degree, and we order resentencing on

that conviction.

Point III claims plain error in submitting the jury instruction because the victim

was not less than twelve years of age at the time of the offense. Appellant does not claim

the instruction was not from the applicable MAI or that any of the elements were

misleading or misstated the required elements of the crime. Because we have reversed on

the basis that there was not substantial evidence to support the crime of child molestation

in the second degree on the basis that Victim was not under the age of twelve and no

other issue is raised, we decline plain error review of Point III. Likewise, we decline

plain error review of Point IV. Appellant argues in Point IV that the trial court plainly

erred by accepting the verdict in Count II because he was not on notice of the crime. The

charging document put Appellant on notice that he was charged with child molestation in

the second degree. Prior to January 1, 2017, a person committed child molestation in the

second degree if the person subjected the victim who was less than seventeen years of

age to sexual contact. Victim was less than seventeen years of age.

The judgment is affirmed in all respects except as to Count II. The conviction for

child molestation in the second degree is reversed and remanded to the trial court

4 directing it to enter a conviction for child molestation in the third degree, and further to

resentence Appellant on Count II.

Nancy Steffen Rahmeyer, J. – Opinion Author

Gary W. Lynch, P.J. – Concurs

William W. Francis, Jr., J. – Concurs