This opinion will be unpublished and may not be cited except as provided by Minn. Stat. § 480A.08, subd. 3 (2012).
STATE OF MINNESOTA IN COURT OF APPEALS A14-0875
State of Minnesota, Respondent,
vs.
Roosevelt Mikell, Appellant.
Filed December 1, 2014 Affirmed Crippen, Judge
Hennepin County District Court File Nos. 27-CR-10-50091, 27-CR-12-481
Lori Swanson, Attorney General, St. Paul, Minnesota; and
Michael O. Freeman, Hennepin County Attorney, Jean Burdorf, Assistant County Attorney, Minneapolis, Minnesota (for respondent)
Cathryn Middlebrook, Chief Appellate Public Defender, Sean McGuire, Assistant Public Defender, St. Paul, Minnesota (for appellant)
Considered and decided by Halbrooks, Presiding Judge; Reyes, Judge; and
Crippen, Judge.
Retired judge of the Minnesota Court of Appeals, serving by appointment pursuant to Minn. Const. art. VI, § 10. UNPUBLISHED OPINION
CRIPPEN, Judge
In this sentencing appeal, appellant argues that, on remand from a reversal for
resentencing, the district court inappropriately imposed a concurrent 32-month sentence
using his full criminal-history score, rather than a permissive consecutive sentence using
a zero criminal-history score. Because the concurrent sentence is lawful and consistent
with our earlier remand, we affirm.
FACTS
In April 2011, appellant Roosevelt Mikell pleaded guilty to felony violation of an
order for protection (OFP), in violation of Minn. Stat. § 518B.01, subd. 14(a), (d)(1)
(2010), after he admitted contact with C.G., a former girlfriend, in October 2010. As part
of a plea agreement, the district court sentenced him to 21 months, stayed for three years,
with conditions of probation. In August 2012, appellant pleaded guilty to a September
2011 violation of another OFP, which prohibited him from contacting a different woman,
J.L. Appellant then demanded a contested hearing on the probation-violation report
alleging that he violated conditions of the stayed sentence for the October 2010 offense;
after the hearing, the court found that appellant violated his probation and ordered
execution of his 21-month sentence. The district court also sentenced appellant to 32
months on the September 2011 offense, consecutive to the 21-month sentence.
On the appeal of the probation-revocation decision, this court concluded that the
district court had made insufficient findings on the factors required by State v. Austin,
295 N.W.2d 246, 250 (Minn. 1980), and we ordered a remand on that issue. State v.
2 Mikell, No. A13-0119 (Minn. App. Oct. 9, 2013) (order op.). In the additional appeal of
the district court’s decisions on the September 2011 offense, we upheld the validity of his
plea but concluded that the court erred by imposing a 32-month sentence consecutive to
the sentence for the earlier offense. State v. Mikell, No. A13-0118, 2013 WL 6569921
(Minn. App. Dec. 16, 2013). We stated that, based on appellant’s criminal-history score
of five, the district court could have imposed a concurrent sentence of 23 to 32 months
for appellant’s severity-level four offense. See Minn. Sent. Guidelines 4, 5 (Supp. 2011).
But we stated that, if the district court chose to impose a permissive consecutive sentence,
it was required to use a criminal-history score of zero to determine the duration of his
consecutive sentence, which should then have been one year and one day. See Minn.
Sent. Guidelines 2.F.2, 4 (Supp. 2011). We therefore reversed and remanded on that
issue, stating that
[o]n remand, the district court has the discretion to impose a sentence of 23 to 32 months if this case is sentenced concurrently with the October 2010 offense, or an executed sentence is not imposed for the October 2010 offense. If the sentence is consecutive to an executed sentence for the October 2010 offense, a criminal-history score of zero must be used to determine the sentence.
Mikell, 2013 WL 6569921, at *3.
At hearing on remand, appellant’s attorney requested that the 21-month sentence
for appellant’s October 2010 offense be discharged, as he had served that time.
Accepting this request, the district court issued a 21-month sentence, found that appellant
had credit for 21 months, and discharged him from probation on that offense. On the
3 September 2011 offense, the district court resentenced appellant to 32 months, with credit
for 729 days, and thus concurrent with the October 2010 offense.
DECISION
This court reviews a sentence imposed by the district court “to determine whether
the sentence is inconsistent with statutory requirements, unreasonable, inappropriate,
excessive, unjustifiably disparate, or not warranted by the findings of fact issued by the
district court.” Minn. Stat. § 244.11, subd. 2(b) (2010). We afford the district court great
discretion in imposing a sentence and do not substitute our judgment for that of the
district court. State v. Vang, 847 N.W.2d 248, 264 (Minn. 2014). “Generally, we will
not interfere with a district court’s discretion in sentencing unless the sentence is
disproportionate to the offense or unfairly exaggerates the criminality of the defendant’s
conduct.” Id. The district court’s decision to impose the presumptive guidelines
sentence rarely will be reversed on appeal. State v. Kindem, 313 N.W.2d 6, 7 (Minn.
1981).
The district court has a duty on remand to execute the mandate of the remanding
court strictly according to its terms. Halverson v. Village of Deerwood, 322 N.W.2d 761,
766 (Minn. 1982). This court directed the district court on remand to exercise its
discretion to either: (1) sentence appellant to 23 to 32 months, if it chose to sentence him
concurrently with the October 2010 offense or (2) if it chose to sentence him
consecutively to an executed sentence for the October 2010 offense, sentence him based
on a criminal-history score of zero, resulting in a sentence of one year and one day. The
4 district court chose the first alternative and resentenced appellant to 32 months,
concurrent to a 21-month executed sentence for the October 2010 offense.
Appellant claims no violation of the law in the district court’s concurrent
sentencing, but instead requests consecutive sentencing for two executed sentences, with
zero criminal-history points for the second sentence. This would result in a consecutive
sentence of one year and one day, rather than the imposed concurrent sentence of 32
months. But we cannot disturb the district court’s sentence when it was authorized by
law, comported with this court’s directive on remand, and did not exaggerate the
criminality of appellant’s conduct. See Johnson v. State, 733 N.W.2d 834, 837 (Minn.
App. 2007) (upholding resentencing when the sentence was authorized by law and did
not exaggerate the criminality of the defendant’s conduct), review denied (Minn. Sept.
18, 2007); see also State v. Nunn, 411 N.W.2d 214, 216 (Minn. App. 1987) (stating that
the district court was “free to resentence . . .
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This opinion will be unpublished and may not be cited except as provided by Minn. Stat. § 480A.08, subd. 3 (2012).
STATE OF MINNESOTA IN COURT OF APPEALS A14-0875
State of Minnesota, Respondent,
vs.
Roosevelt Mikell, Appellant.
Filed December 1, 2014 Affirmed Crippen, Judge
Hennepin County District Court File Nos. 27-CR-10-50091, 27-CR-12-481
Lori Swanson, Attorney General, St. Paul, Minnesota; and
Michael O. Freeman, Hennepin County Attorney, Jean Burdorf, Assistant County Attorney, Minneapolis, Minnesota (for respondent)
Cathryn Middlebrook, Chief Appellate Public Defender, Sean McGuire, Assistant Public Defender, St. Paul, Minnesota (for appellant)
Considered and decided by Halbrooks, Presiding Judge; Reyes, Judge; and
Crippen, Judge.
Retired judge of the Minnesota Court of Appeals, serving by appointment pursuant to Minn. Const. art. VI, § 10. UNPUBLISHED OPINION
CRIPPEN, Judge
In this sentencing appeal, appellant argues that, on remand from a reversal for
resentencing, the district court inappropriately imposed a concurrent 32-month sentence
using his full criminal-history score, rather than a permissive consecutive sentence using
a zero criminal-history score. Because the concurrent sentence is lawful and consistent
with our earlier remand, we affirm.
FACTS
In April 2011, appellant Roosevelt Mikell pleaded guilty to felony violation of an
order for protection (OFP), in violation of Minn. Stat. § 518B.01, subd. 14(a), (d)(1)
(2010), after he admitted contact with C.G., a former girlfriend, in October 2010. As part
of a plea agreement, the district court sentenced him to 21 months, stayed for three years,
with conditions of probation. In August 2012, appellant pleaded guilty to a September
2011 violation of another OFP, which prohibited him from contacting a different woman,
J.L. Appellant then demanded a contested hearing on the probation-violation report
alleging that he violated conditions of the stayed sentence for the October 2010 offense;
after the hearing, the court found that appellant violated his probation and ordered
execution of his 21-month sentence. The district court also sentenced appellant to 32
months on the September 2011 offense, consecutive to the 21-month sentence.
On the appeal of the probation-revocation decision, this court concluded that the
district court had made insufficient findings on the factors required by State v. Austin,
295 N.W.2d 246, 250 (Minn. 1980), and we ordered a remand on that issue. State v.
2 Mikell, No. A13-0119 (Minn. App. Oct. 9, 2013) (order op.). In the additional appeal of
the district court’s decisions on the September 2011 offense, we upheld the validity of his
plea but concluded that the court erred by imposing a 32-month sentence consecutive to
the sentence for the earlier offense. State v. Mikell, No. A13-0118, 2013 WL 6569921
(Minn. App. Dec. 16, 2013). We stated that, based on appellant’s criminal-history score
of five, the district court could have imposed a concurrent sentence of 23 to 32 months
for appellant’s severity-level four offense. See Minn. Sent. Guidelines 4, 5 (Supp. 2011).
But we stated that, if the district court chose to impose a permissive consecutive sentence,
it was required to use a criminal-history score of zero to determine the duration of his
consecutive sentence, which should then have been one year and one day. See Minn.
Sent. Guidelines 2.F.2, 4 (Supp. 2011). We therefore reversed and remanded on that
issue, stating that
[o]n remand, the district court has the discretion to impose a sentence of 23 to 32 months if this case is sentenced concurrently with the October 2010 offense, or an executed sentence is not imposed for the October 2010 offense. If the sentence is consecutive to an executed sentence for the October 2010 offense, a criminal-history score of zero must be used to determine the sentence.
Mikell, 2013 WL 6569921, at *3.
At hearing on remand, appellant’s attorney requested that the 21-month sentence
for appellant’s October 2010 offense be discharged, as he had served that time.
Accepting this request, the district court issued a 21-month sentence, found that appellant
had credit for 21 months, and discharged him from probation on that offense. On the
3 September 2011 offense, the district court resentenced appellant to 32 months, with credit
for 729 days, and thus concurrent with the October 2010 offense.
DECISION
This court reviews a sentence imposed by the district court “to determine whether
the sentence is inconsistent with statutory requirements, unreasonable, inappropriate,
excessive, unjustifiably disparate, or not warranted by the findings of fact issued by the
district court.” Minn. Stat. § 244.11, subd. 2(b) (2010). We afford the district court great
discretion in imposing a sentence and do not substitute our judgment for that of the
district court. State v. Vang, 847 N.W.2d 248, 264 (Minn. 2014). “Generally, we will
not interfere with a district court’s discretion in sentencing unless the sentence is
disproportionate to the offense or unfairly exaggerates the criminality of the defendant’s
conduct.” Id. The district court’s decision to impose the presumptive guidelines
sentence rarely will be reversed on appeal. State v. Kindem, 313 N.W.2d 6, 7 (Minn.
1981).
The district court has a duty on remand to execute the mandate of the remanding
court strictly according to its terms. Halverson v. Village of Deerwood, 322 N.W.2d 761,
766 (Minn. 1982). This court directed the district court on remand to exercise its
discretion to either: (1) sentence appellant to 23 to 32 months, if it chose to sentence him
concurrently with the October 2010 offense or (2) if it chose to sentence him
consecutively to an executed sentence for the October 2010 offense, sentence him based
on a criminal-history score of zero, resulting in a sentence of one year and one day. The
4 district court chose the first alternative and resentenced appellant to 32 months,
concurrent to a 21-month executed sentence for the October 2010 offense.
Appellant claims no violation of the law in the district court’s concurrent
sentencing, but instead requests consecutive sentencing for two executed sentences, with
zero criminal-history points for the second sentence. This would result in a consecutive
sentence of one year and one day, rather than the imposed concurrent sentence of 32
months. But we cannot disturb the district court’s sentence when it was authorized by
law, comported with this court’s directive on remand, and did not exaggerate the
criminality of appellant’s conduct. See Johnson v. State, 733 N.W.2d 834, 837 (Minn.
App. 2007) (upholding resentencing when the sentence was authorized by law and did
not exaggerate the criminality of the defendant’s conduct), review denied (Minn. Sept.
18, 2007); see also State v. Nunn, 411 N.W.2d 214, 216 (Minn. App. 1987) (stating that
the district court was “free to resentence . . . so long as the newly imposed sentences were
authorized by law and did not exceed the original . . . sentence”). The concurrent
sentence imposed by the district court fell within the presumptive range, and the district
court noted that after credit for appellant’s time served, he should be eligible for release
from incarceration. The district court did not abuse its discretion by imposing the 32-
month concurrent sentence.
Appellant’s comments at resentencing indicate that he may have been concerned
that with the longer, concurrent sentence, he would remain subject to conditions of parole
or supervised release. But supervised release, which replaces parole, “‘is not part of a
criminal prosecution.’” State ex rel. Allen v. Fabian, 658 N.W.2d 913, 916 (Minn. App.
5 2003) (quoting Morrissey v. Brewer, 408 U.S. 471, 480, 92 S. Ct. 2593, 2600 (1972)).
“Parole arises after the end of the criminal prosecution, including imposition of sentence.
Supervision is not directly by the court but by an administrative agency.” Morrissey, 408
U.S. at 480, 92 S. Ct. at 2600. Therefore, once the district court imposed a lawful
sentence, the Minnesota Department of Corrections, not the district court, was charged
with administrative control of appellant’s supervised release. State v. Schwartz, 628
N.W.2d 134, 140 (Minn. 2001).
Affirmed.