STATE OF LOUISIANA NO. 24-KH-523
VERSUS FIFTH CIRCUIT
JONATHAN BROWN COURT OF APPEAL
STATE OF LOUISIANA
December 10, 2024
Linda Wiseman First Deputy Clerk
IN RE JONATHAN BROWN
APPLYING FOR SUPERVISORY WRIT FROM THE TWENTY-FOURTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT COURT, PARISH OF JEFFERSON, STATE OF LOUISIANA, DIRECTED TO THE HONORABLE R. CHRISTOPHER COX, III, DIVISION "B", NUMBER 19-6214
Panel composed of Judges Susan M. Chehardy, Jude G. Gravois, and Marc E. Johnson
WRIT DENIED
In this pro se writ application, relator, Jonathan Brown, seeks this Court’s
supervisory review of the trial court’s September 24, 2024 ruling which denied his
application for post-conviction relief (“APCR”). For the following reasons, we
find no merit to relator’s arguments, and thus deny the writ application.
FACTS AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND
On August 25, 2022, a jury found relator guilty of attempted second degree
murder (count one), possession of a firearm by a convicted felon (count two), and
obstruction of justice (count three). On September 23, 2022, the trial court
sentenced relator to fifty years imprisonment at hard labor without the benefit of
parole, probation, or suspension of sentence on count one; twenty years
imprisonment at hard labor without the benefit of parole, probation, or suspension
of sentence on count two; and forty years imprisonment at hard labor on count
three. The trial court ordered all of the sentences to run concurrently with each other. On October 21, 2022, the trial court adjudicated relator a third-felony
offender, vacated the original sentence on count one, and sentenced relator to
seventy years imprisonment at hard labor without the benefit of parole, probation,
or suspension of sentence. The trial court also ordered relator’s sentence to run
concurrently with his sentences on counts two and three. On June 21, 2023, this
Court affirmed relator’s convictions, the habitual offender adjudication, and his
sentences on counts one and two, but vacated his sentence on count three and
remanded for resentencing. State v. Brown, 22-562 (La. App. 5 Cir. 6/21/23), 368
So.3d 218. Relator did not file a writ application with the Louisiana Supreme
Court.
On July 12, 2024, relator filed his APCR with the trial court, asserting the
following claims: (1) the State elicited false testimony from its witness, Bairn
Hartman, in violation of Napue v. Illinois, 360 U.S. 264, 79 S.Ct. 1173, 3 L.Ed.2d
1217 (1959); (2) the State committed prosecutorial misconduct by providing Mr.
Hartman with a plea agreement containing an illegally lenient sentence in
exchange for his testimony; and (3) ineffective assistance of counsel. On
September 16, 2024, the State filed its response, asserting that relator’s claims of a
Napue violation and prosecutorial misconduct were procedurally barred under La.
C.Cr.P. art. 930.4(B) and (C), and nevertheless, the claims would fail on the merits.
In addition, the State maintained that relator’s claims of counsel’s ineffectiveness
were without merit.
On September 24, 2024, the trial court denied relief, first finding that
relator’s claims of a Napue violation and prosecutorial misconduct were
procedurally barred under La. C.Cr.P. art. 930.4(B) and (C). The trial court further
found that relator’s “vague and unsupported” allegations of counsel’s
ineffectiveness failed to meet his post-conviction burden of proof under La.
C.Cr.P. art. 930.2. According to relator, after he received a copy of the State’s response, but
before he received a copy of the trial court’s September 24, 2024 ruling denying
his APCR, he filed a supplemental APCR in the trial court, requesting that the trial
court provide him with the opportunity to state the reasons for his failure to raise
his claims of a Napue violation and prosecutorial misconduct at an earlier stage,
citing the prior version of La. C.Cr.P. art. 930.4(F), in effect at the time he filed his
APCR. On October 11, 2024, the trial court denied relator’s supplemental APCR.
The trial court found that it was unnecessary to permit supplementation to his
APCR since he utilized the Uniform Application for Post-Conviction Relief form
and he failed to state why he had not raised those claims previously. On
November 12, 2024, relator timely filed a subsequent writ application with this
Court, seeking review of the trial court’s October 11, 2024 ruling which denied his
Supplemental APCR. See 24-KH-539.
ANALYSIS
First, upon review, we find relator’s writ application is procedurally
deficient and untimely. Relator did not file a notice of intent with the trial court
and did not provide documentation of a return date with his writ application as
required by Uniform Rules–Courts of Appeal, Rules 4-2 and 4-3. Additionally,
relator’s writ application, signed and dated by relator on October 31, 2024 and
filed on November 6, 2024, was filed with this Court more than thirty days from
the trial court’s September 24, 2024 ruling from which he seeks review. See
Uniform Rules–Courts of Appeal, Rule 4-3.
In any event, in the instant application, relator first complains that the trial
court denied his APCR before his supplemental APCR was filed. He requests, “at
this juncture,” that this Court remand his case with an order directing the trial court
“to comply with the pre-August 31, 2024 mandate of La. C.Cr.P. art. 930.4(F), to
provide Defendant the opportunity to state reasons for his failure to raise claims One and Two in the proceedings leading to conviction and/or on appeal.” Upon
review, we find that by using the Uniform Application for Post-Conviction Relief
form, relator was given an opportunity to state the reasons for his failure to
previously raise the claims under La. C.Cr.P. art. 930.4(F). See State ex rel. Rice v.
State, 99-496 (La. 11/12/99), 749 So.2d 650. Therefore, the trial court did not err
in failing to order relator to state his reasons for his failure to previously raise the
claims. As such, we find relator’s request for a remand is unwarranted.
Additionally, we find no merit to relator’s claim of ineffective assistance of
counsel. In relator’s writ application, he claims his trial counsel was ineffective
because counsel failed to expose the false testimony elicited by the State from its
witness, Bairn Hartman, and further failed to “highlight” the illegal plea deal
received by Mr. Hartman. According to relator, Mr. Hartman’s false testimony
about his criminal history and the illegal plea deal he received from the State in
exchange for his testimony went unchallenged by counsel.
Under the Sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution and Article I,
§ 13 of the Louisiana Constitution, a defendant is entitled to effective assistance of
counsel. State v. Casimer, 12-678 (La. App. 5 Cir. 3/13/13), 113 So.3d 1129,
1141. To prove ineffective assistance of counsel, a defendant must satisfy the two-
prong test set forth in Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 104 S.Ct. 2052, 80
L.Ed.2d 674 (1984). Casimer, 113 So.3d at 1141. Under the Strickland test, the
defendant must show: (1) that counsel’s performance was deficient, that is, that the
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STATE OF LOUISIANA NO. 24-KH-523
VERSUS FIFTH CIRCUIT
JONATHAN BROWN COURT OF APPEAL
STATE OF LOUISIANA
December 10, 2024
Linda Wiseman First Deputy Clerk
IN RE JONATHAN BROWN
APPLYING FOR SUPERVISORY WRIT FROM THE TWENTY-FOURTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT COURT, PARISH OF JEFFERSON, STATE OF LOUISIANA, DIRECTED TO THE HONORABLE R. CHRISTOPHER COX, III, DIVISION "B", NUMBER 19-6214
Panel composed of Judges Susan M. Chehardy, Jude G. Gravois, and Marc E. Johnson
WRIT DENIED
In this pro se writ application, relator, Jonathan Brown, seeks this Court’s
supervisory review of the trial court’s September 24, 2024 ruling which denied his
application for post-conviction relief (“APCR”). For the following reasons, we
find no merit to relator’s arguments, and thus deny the writ application.
FACTS AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND
On August 25, 2022, a jury found relator guilty of attempted second degree
murder (count one), possession of a firearm by a convicted felon (count two), and
obstruction of justice (count three). On September 23, 2022, the trial court
sentenced relator to fifty years imprisonment at hard labor without the benefit of
parole, probation, or suspension of sentence on count one; twenty years
imprisonment at hard labor without the benefit of parole, probation, or suspension
of sentence on count two; and forty years imprisonment at hard labor on count
three. The trial court ordered all of the sentences to run concurrently with each other. On October 21, 2022, the trial court adjudicated relator a third-felony
offender, vacated the original sentence on count one, and sentenced relator to
seventy years imprisonment at hard labor without the benefit of parole, probation,
or suspension of sentence. The trial court also ordered relator’s sentence to run
concurrently with his sentences on counts two and three. On June 21, 2023, this
Court affirmed relator’s convictions, the habitual offender adjudication, and his
sentences on counts one and two, but vacated his sentence on count three and
remanded for resentencing. State v. Brown, 22-562 (La. App. 5 Cir. 6/21/23), 368
So.3d 218. Relator did not file a writ application with the Louisiana Supreme
Court.
On July 12, 2024, relator filed his APCR with the trial court, asserting the
following claims: (1) the State elicited false testimony from its witness, Bairn
Hartman, in violation of Napue v. Illinois, 360 U.S. 264, 79 S.Ct. 1173, 3 L.Ed.2d
1217 (1959); (2) the State committed prosecutorial misconduct by providing Mr.
Hartman with a plea agreement containing an illegally lenient sentence in
exchange for his testimony; and (3) ineffective assistance of counsel. On
September 16, 2024, the State filed its response, asserting that relator’s claims of a
Napue violation and prosecutorial misconduct were procedurally barred under La.
C.Cr.P. art. 930.4(B) and (C), and nevertheless, the claims would fail on the merits.
In addition, the State maintained that relator’s claims of counsel’s ineffectiveness
were without merit.
On September 24, 2024, the trial court denied relief, first finding that
relator’s claims of a Napue violation and prosecutorial misconduct were
procedurally barred under La. C.Cr.P. art. 930.4(B) and (C). The trial court further
found that relator’s “vague and unsupported” allegations of counsel’s
ineffectiveness failed to meet his post-conviction burden of proof under La.
C.Cr.P. art. 930.2. According to relator, after he received a copy of the State’s response, but
before he received a copy of the trial court’s September 24, 2024 ruling denying
his APCR, he filed a supplemental APCR in the trial court, requesting that the trial
court provide him with the opportunity to state the reasons for his failure to raise
his claims of a Napue violation and prosecutorial misconduct at an earlier stage,
citing the prior version of La. C.Cr.P. art. 930.4(F), in effect at the time he filed his
APCR. On October 11, 2024, the trial court denied relator’s supplemental APCR.
The trial court found that it was unnecessary to permit supplementation to his
APCR since he utilized the Uniform Application for Post-Conviction Relief form
and he failed to state why he had not raised those claims previously. On
November 12, 2024, relator timely filed a subsequent writ application with this
Court, seeking review of the trial court’s October 11, 2024 ruling which denied his
Supplemental APCR. See 24-KH-539.
ANALYSIS
First, upon review, we find relator’s writ application is procedurally
deficient and untimely. Relator did not file a notice of intent with the trial court
and did not provide documentation of a return date with his writ application as
required by Uniform Rules–Courts of Appeal, Rules 4-2 and 4-3. Additionally,
relator’s writ application, signed and dated by relator on October 31, 2024 and
filed on November 6, 2024, was filed with this Court more than thirty days from
the trial court’s September 24, 2024 ruling from which he seeks review. See
Uniform Rules–Courts of Appeal, Rule 4-3.
In any event, in the instant application, relator first complains that the trial
court denied his APCR before his supplemental APCR was filed. He requests, “at
this juncture,” that this Court remand his case with an order directing the trial court
“to comply with the pre-August 31, 2024 mandate of La. C.Cr.P. art. 930.4(F), to
provide Defendant the opportunity to state reasons for his failure to raise claims One and Two in the proceedings leading to conviction and/or on appeal.” Upon
review, we find that by using the Uniform Application for Post-Conviction Relief
form, relator was given an opportunity to state the reasons for his failure to
previously raise the claims under La. C.Cr.P. art. 930.4(F). See State ex rel. Rice v.
State, 99-496 (La. 11/12/99), 749 So.2d 650. Therefore, the trial court did not err
in failing to order relator to state his reasons for his failure to previously raise the
claims. As such, we find relator’s request for a remand is unwarranted.
Additionally, we find no merit to relator’s claim of ineffective assistance of
counsel. In relator’s writ application, he claims his trial counsel was ineffective
because counsel failed to expose the false testimony elicited by the State from its
witness, Bairn Hartman, and further failed to “highlight” the illegal plea deal
received by Mr. Hartman. According to relator, Mr. Hartman’s false testimony
about his criminal history and the illegal plea deal he received from the State in
exchange for his testimony went unchallenged by counsel.
Under the Sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution and Article I,
§ 13 of the Louisiana Constitution, a defendant is entitled to effective assistance of
counsel. State v. Casimer, 12-678 (La. App. 5 Cir. 3/13/13), 113 So.3d 1129,
1141. To prove ineffective assistance of counsel, a defendant must satisfy the two-
prong test set forth in Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 104 S.Ct. 2052, 80
L.Ed.2d 674 (1984). Casimer, 113 So.3d at 1141. Under the Strickland test, the
defendant must show: (1) that counsel’s performance was deficient, that is, that the
performance fell below an objective standard of reasonableness under prevailing
professional norms; and (2) that the deficient performance prejudiced the defense.
Id. An error is considered prejudicial if it was so serious as to deprive the
defendant of a fair trial, or “a trial whose result is reliable.” Id. (quotations
omitted). To prove prejudice, the defendant must demonstrate that, but for counsel’s unprofessional conduct, the outcome of the trial would have been
different. Id. (citing Strickland v. Washington, supra).
Counsel cross-examined Mr. Hartman about his negotiated plea deal with
the State, as well as Mr. Hartman’s prior convictions, which counsel described as
“violent crimes.” During cross-examination, Mr. Hartman also admitted that he
never told the club’s owners that he was not supposed to be in possession of a
firearm because of his prior convictions. During closing argument, counsel
repeatedly asserted that Mr. Hartman identified relator as the shooter to avoid
prison. Trial counsel’s choices of which questions to ask on cross-examination fall
well within the ambit of trial strategy. See State v. Brooks, 94-2438 (La. 10/16/95),
661 So.2d 1333, 1337.
Additionally, the State disclosed before trial that Mr. Hartman’s plea
agreement was executed in accordance with La. C.Cr.P. art 890.1, by which a
defendant is provided a means via the plea agreement to seek a waiver of a
mandatory sentence which prohibits probation or a suspension of sentence. As
such, we find that relator cannot fault counsel for pointing out an illegal term that
did not exist. See State v. Williams, 613 So.2d 252, 256-57 (La. 1992).
CONCLUSION
Accordingly, based on the forgoing, we find no error in the ruling of the trial
court. The writ application is denied.
Gretna, Louisiana, this 10th day of December, 2024.
JGG SMC MEJ SUSAN M. CHEHARDY CURTIS B. PURSELL
CHIEF JUDGE CLERK OF COURT
SUSAN S. BUCHHOLZ FREDERICKA H. WICKER CHIEF DEPUTY CLERK JUDE G. GRAVOIS MARC E. JOHNSON STEPHEN J. WINDHORST LINDA M. WISEMAN JOHN J. MOLAISON, JR. FIRST DEPUTY CLERK SCOTT U. SCHLEGEL TIMOTHY S. MARCEL FIFTH CIRCUIT MELISSA C. LEDET JUDGES 101 DERBIGNY STREET (70053) DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL STAFF POST OFFICE BOX 489 GRETNA, LOUISIANA 70054 (504) 376-1400
(504) 376-1498 FAX www.fifthcircuit.org
NOTICE OF DISPOSITION CERTIFICATE OF DELIVERY I CERTIFY THAT A COPY OF THE DISPOSITION IN THE FOREGOING MATTER HAS BEEN TRANSMITTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH UNIFORM RULES - COURT OF APPEAL, RULE 4-6 THIS DAY 12/10/2024 TO THE TRIAL JUDGE, THE TRIAL COURT CLERK OF COURT, AND AT LEAST ONE OF THE COUNSEL OF RECORD FOR EACH PARTY, AND TO EACH PARTY NOT REPRESENTED BY COUNSEL, AS LISTED BELOW:
24-KH-523 E-NOTIFIED 24th Judicial District Court (Clerk) R. Christopher Cox, III (DISTRICT JUDGE) Thomas J. Butler (Respondent)
MAILED Jonathan Brown #617898 (Relator) Rayburn Correctional Center 27268 Highway 21 Angie, LA 70426