State of Louisiana v. Kari Shisler & Joseph Dyczewski

• Court: Louisiana Court of Appeal
• Decided: December 23, 2019
• Docket: 2019-K-1096
• Status: Published

Opinion

STATE OF LOUISIANA * NO. 2019-K-1096

VERSUS * COURT OF APPEAL KARI SHISLER & JOSEPH * DYCZEWSKI FOURTH CIRCUIT * STATE OF LOUISIANA *******

APPLICATION FOR WRITS DIRECTED TO CRIMINAL DISTRICT COURT ORLEANS PARISH NO. 543-065, SECTION “E” Honorable Keva M. Landrum-Johnson, Judge ****** Judge Regina Bartholomew-Woods ****** (Court composed of Judge Regina Bartholomew-Woods, Judge Paula A. Brown, Judge Dale N. Atkins)

Jeffrey Smith ATTORNEY-AT-LAW 700 Camp Street New Orleans, LA 70130

Gary Wainwright ATTORNEY-AT-LAW 2739 Tulane Avenue New Orleans, LA 70119 COUNSEL FOR DEFENDANTS/RESPONDENTS

Leon A. Cannizzaro, Jr. DISTRICT ATTORNEY, PARISH OF ORLEANS Donna R. Andrieu DISTRICT ATTORNEY’S OFFICE, CHIEF OF APPEALS Hannah Sharp DISTRICT ATTORNEY’S OFFICE 619 S. White Street New Orleans, LA 70119 COUNSEL FOR STATE OF LOUISIANA/RELATOR

WRIT GRANTED; STAY DENIED DECEMBER 23, 2019 Relator, the State of Louisiana, seeks supervisory review of the district

court’s December 18, 2019 ruling that granted Defendants’ motions to suppress

physical evidence and statements, as well as, the ruling that found no probable

cause to arrest Defendants Joseph Dyczewski and Kari Shisler. For the reasons that

follow, we grant the State’s writ and reverse the district court’s rulings. We also

deny the State’s request for a stay.

Background

Defendants were arrested and charged with possession with intent to

distribute controlled dangerous substances, to wit: Tetrahydrocannabinol (“THC”),

Methelyndioxymethamphetamine (“MDMA”), Cocaine, and more than two and

one-half pounds of Marijuana.1 Defendants filed a motion to suppress statements

and physical evidence. After an evidentiary hearing, the district court granted

Defendants’ motions.

At the September 24, 2019 hearing on the motions, Gretna Police

Department Detective Brad Cheramie, who is also a member of the multi-

1 Violations of La. R.S. 40:966 (B)(2)(a), (B)(1), and (B)(2)(b).

1 jurisdictional Major Crimes Task Force (“the task force”) testified, inter alia, to

having received information from a reliable and credible informant that Dyczewski

was distributing large quantities of marijuana. Acting on this information, the task

force conducted surveillance of Dyczewski during the months of March, April, and

May. As a result of that rolling surveillance, the task force was able to observe his

daily and nightly routines. The task force observed that Dyczewski would do the

following: make long trips up north; quick stops; stay at a business for less than

two minutes; drive at a slow rate of speed; and make “heat runs.”2 With regard to

the “heat runs” Det. Cheramie noted that Dyczewski would stop at random places,

but never go inside of them such as the Lowe’s close to his home. He also noted

that Dyczewski would go to Veterans and Harahan “very often” and make “quick

stops,” but “would never stay long, never come out with anything.”

After months of surveillance, and armed with the information provided by

the confidential informant, the task force elected to conduct an investigatory stop

of Dyczewski, outside of his home located on Lafaye Street.3 On the date in

question, Det. Cheramie testified that when he approached Dyczewski he detected

an odor of marijuana. After agents with the task force told him that they could

smell marijuana, Dyczewski told them he had a mason jar of marijuana in his

pocket. Dyczewski was Mirandized and placed under arrest.

2 Det. Cheramie explained that heat runs are when a person suspected of drug dealing “make several unexplained U-turn stops, pulling in somewhere, hurry in and pulling back out, just to get somebody—if the police were following you, that they couldn’t tail you, and you’d be able to see another car doing the same motions as you.” 3 Det. Cheramie testified that the task force devised a plan regarding the best and safest place to approach Dyczewski, which in fact proved to be his home, as opposed to “grabbing him at a bar at night when he’s drinking.”

2 Upon placing him under arrest, the agents noticed that Dyczewski had

digital cameras located on the outside of his residence. Det. Cheramie explained

that the task force then decided to do a protective sweep of the home. This was

done for safety purposes, because he knew that Dyczewski’s wife was inside, but

unsure of who else may be, as well as to prevent the destruction of any evidence

that may be located inside the home. As a result of the protective sweep, the task

force detained co-defendant Shisler. Det. Cheramie then obtained a search warrant

for the residence. Upon conducting a search of the home, pursuant to the search

warrant, Dyczewski told the task force that marijuana, cocaine, and ecstasy pills

were located inside, which the task force recovered. Dyczewski also stated that

Shisler was aware of his drug sales.

Question Presented

Whether the district court erred when it suppressed both the statements of

Defendant and evidence seized from Defendant’s home.

Standard of Review

The district court’s ultimate decision on a motion to suppress evidence “is

afforded great weight and will not be set aside unless there is an abuse of that

discretion.” State v. Wells, 2008-2262, p. 5, (La. 07/06/2010), 45 So.3d 577, 581.

The district court’s findings of fact are reviewed under a clearly erroneous

standard, and its ultimate determination of Fourth Amendment reasonableness is

reviewed de novo. State v. Guillot, 2012-0726, p. 4, (La. App. 4 Cir. 04/17/2013),

115 So.3d 624, 627.

3 Discussion

In Guillot, this Court considered whether the district court abused its

discretion in denying Defendant’s motion to suppress where Defendant alleged that

the arresting officer did not have reasonable suspicion to conduct an investigatory

stop and search of his car. Defendant argued that information received by the

officer, from a concerned citizen, combined with the officer’s observations were

insufficient to justify an investigatory stop. This Court, citing State v. Kalie, 1996-

2650, p.1 (La. 9/19/97), 699 So.2d 879, 880, noted “that the determination of

reasonable grounds for an investigatory stop, or probable cause for an arrest, . . .

turns on completely objective evaluation of all circumstances known to the officer

at the time of his challenged action.” This Court found that the officer was an

experienced narcotics detective and received information he was able to

corroborate as completely accurate through his surveillance. This Court further

found that based on the officer’s training and experience, as well as his

corroboration of the information he received, he had reasonable suspicion needed

to conduct an investigatory stop…and was justified in pursuing a means of

investigation that would confirm or dispel his suspicions. Guillot, 2012-0726, p. 8;

115 So.3d at 629.

Similarly, in the case sub judice, Det. Cheramie, an experienced narcotics

investigator, who is part of a multi-jurisdiction task force, testified that he received

information relative to Dyczewski’s drug-related activities from a confidential

informant. He was able to corroborate the information received regarding the

4 activities Dyczewski engaged in during the three-month surveillance time-frame.

An objective evaluation of all circumstances known to Det. Cheramie and his

agents at the time of the investigatory stop pointed to the fact that Dyczewski was

involved in drug activity, including, but not limited to, drug sales. His training and

experience as part of the drug task force corroborated the information received

from the confidential informant. As such, Det. Cheramie had reasonable suspicion

needed to conduct an investigatory stop. The subsequent admission by Dyczewski

that he had a mason jar of marijuana in his pocket, after agents with the task force

smelled the odor of marijuana emanating from his person, justified the task force to

place Dyczewski under arrest. The observation of the digital cameras on the

exterior of the home, gave the task force members the justification needed to

conduct a protective sweep of the home, and ultimately the basis for obtaining a

search warrant.

Thus, for the aforementioned reasons, we GRANT Relator’s writ and

REVERSE the of rulings of the district court, which suppressed the statement an

evidence. The Stay is DENIED.

WRIT GRANTED; STAY DENIED