State ex rel. Sharma v. Meyers

803 S.W.2d 65, 1990 Mo. App. LEXIS 1781, 1990 WL 199871
CourtMissouri Court of Appeals
DecidedDecember 11, 1990
DocketWD 43729
StatusPublished
Cited by4 cases

This text of 803 S.W.2d 65 (State ex rel. Sharma v. Meyers) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Missouri Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State ex rel. Sharma v. Meyers, 803 S.W.2d 65, 1990 Mo. App. LEXIS 1781, 1990 WL 199871 (Mo. Ct. App. 1990).

Opinion

LOWENSTEIN, Judge.

The issue presented in this action in prohibition is whether under § 537.060, RSMo 1986 a tort-feasor who has settled with the plaintiff, who despite not having been sued is subject to contribution by a joint tort-feasor against whom the plaintiff has obtained a judgment. Section 537.060, which became effective on September 28, 1983, reads as follows:

Defendants in a judgment founded on an action for the redress of a private wrong shall be subject to contribution, and all other consequences of such judgment, in the same manner and to the same extent as defendants in a judgment in an action founded on contract. When an agreement by release, covenant not to sue or not to enforce a judgment is given in good faith to one of two or more persons liable in tort for the same injury [66]*66or wrongful death, such agreement shall not discharge any of the other tort-fea-sors for the damage unless the terms of the agreement so provide; however such agreement shall reduce the claim by the stipulated amount of the agreement, or in the amount of consideration paid, whichever is greater. The agreement shall discharge the tort feasor to whom it is given from all liability for contribution or noncontractual indemnity to any other tort-feasor. The term “non-contractual indemnity” as used in this section refers to indemnity between joint tort-feasors culpably negligent, having no legal relationship to each other and does not include indemnity which comes about by reason of contract, or by reason of vicarious liability. (Emphasis added).

In 1981 Debbe Goff filed a petition in negligence against defendants St. Luke’s Hospital and Dr. Crouch arising out of her husband Gary’s death. But Debbe did not sue either Dr. Sharma who had treated Gary or the medical group of doctors who formed a professional corporation (Dr’s. Arms, Dodge, Robinson, Wilber and Crouch, Inc., referred to in this opinion as the “group”) to which Crouch and Sharma belonged. Dr. Crouch admitted Gary to St. Luke’s because of complications from an attempted kidney transplant. Dr. Sharma actually treated Gary, who suffered a dramatic drop in his red blood cell count and died. The plaintiff’s suit against Crouch was based on the doctor’s professional relationship with Sharma.

A jury verdict was returned in January 1986 for $2,000,000 against St. Luke’s and Crouch. The judgment was affirmed as to St. Luke’s but reversed and remanded as to Crouch. Goff v. St. Luke’s Hospital of Kansas City, 753 S.W.2d 557 (Mo. banc 1988). Just after the Supreme Court opinion, Goff and St. Luke’s settled on a guaranteed payout schedule. St. Luke’s reserved its claims against Sharma and the group in the Goff release. Crouch then gave notice to Sharma and the professional medical group that he was still an active defendant subject to liability. In May of 1989, Crouch, Sharma and the group settled with Goff for a total of $100,000. This settlement reached the limits of a St. Paul policy that covered the two doctors and the medical group. Since this was a wrongful death case, under § 537.095.3 the circuit court was required to and did approve the settlement entered judgment for $100,000. As an aside it should be noted § 538.230 covers apportionment of fault against a health care provider, but this statute affects causes arising on or after February 3, 1986. Section 538.235.

The following month St. Luke’s filed the underlying suit in the case at bar, an action against Sharma and the medical group “for contribution and/or indemnity pursuant to ... Safeway Stores, Inc. v. City of Ray-town, 633 S.W.2d 727 (Mo. banc 1982).” In Safeway, the Supreme Court allowed a tortfeasor-defendant whom judgment had been entered against, to make a claim in a separate action against a joint tort-feasor the plaintiff had not chosen to sue. The respondent here refused to grant a judgment for Sharma and the group despite their reliance on the emphasized portion of the contribution statute.

This court issued a preliminary writ in favor of Sharma and the group, which is today made absolute, but also in the form of mandamus, since the relief sought was to compel the trial court to grant judgment to the relators because the effect of the settlement under § 537.060 was to end any efforts to obtain contribution.

An extraordinary remedy is appropriate on these facts. A discretionary writ in prohibition lies to stop a circuit court from proceeding on a claim asserted against a party where the claim is clearly barred and proceeding on the claim will produce useless and unwarranted litigation. State ex rel. New Liberty Hospital District v. Pratt, 687 S.W.2d 184, 187 (Mo. banc 1985); State ex rel. Rope v. Borron, 762 S.W.2d 427, 430 (Mo.App. 1988).

In a nutshell, the court has no qualms with the right of a joint tort-feasor like St. Luke’s to pursue a suit in contribution against a “tort-feasor originally liable to the plaintiff-injured party,” but who has [67]*67had judgment taken against it by the plaintiff. Such an action is clearly contemplated under Safeway, supra, at 730. What the court finds, as applicable to these facts, is a legislative intent in § 537.060 to foster a public policy to encourage settlements between tort-feasors and injured claimants— with the incentive being a settling tort-fea-sor can put the incident to rest and will not be subject to a later action for contribution.

The principle of “contribution” is that a tort-feasor against whom a judgment is rendered is entitled to recover proportional shares of the judgment from other joint tort-feasors whose conduct contributed to the injury and who were also liable to the plaintiff.

U.S. v. Conservation, 619 F.Supp. 162, 224 (W.D.Mo.1985). As stated earlier, a tort-feasor may be liable for contribution even though “no action has been brought against him by the injured plaintiff.” Id. at 225. Hampton v. Safeway Sanitation Services, Inc., 725 S.W.2d 605 (Mo.App. 1987), interpreted § 537.060 in the context of “whether a non-settling tort-feasor which is found by the jury to be partially at fault, is relieved from liability when the verdict is less than the settlement between the plaintiffs and one of the settling tort-feasors.” Id. at 606. In Hampton, one tort-feasor settled for more than the jury brought in as total damages against all the remaining tort-feasors. The court in holding the non-settling tort-feasor’s obligation satisfied, stated at page 609:

It is now clear that under this statute that a settling tort-feasor is immune from any action or liability in contribution by the non-settling tort-feasor.

In Lowe v. Norfolk and Western Ry. Co., 753 S.W.2d 891 (Mo. banc 1988), our Supreme Court examined the statute saying § 537.060, “permits alleged tort-feasors to buy their peace by good faith settlement with the claimant” (footnote omitted).

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Bluebook (online)
803 S.W.2d 65, 1990 Mo. App. LEXIS 1781, 1990 WL 199871, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-ex-rel-sharma-v-meyers-moctapp-1990.