State ex rel. J.T. v. James

765 So. 2d 1220, 2000 La. App. LEXIS 2090, 2000 WL 1194432
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedAugust 23, 2000
DocketNo. 34,024-JAC
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 765 So. 2d 1220 (State ex rel. J.T. v. James) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State ex rel. J.T. v. James, 765 So. 2d 1220, 2000 La. App. LEXIS 2090, 2000 WL 1194432 (La. Ct. App. 2000).

Opinion

LNORRIS, Chief Judge.

Debra James appeals the trial court’s ruling finding that her children were in need of care and that continuing custody with the State Office of Community Service (OCS) was in the best interest of J.T. and G.T. We amend and remand.

Facts

Debra married Bradley Thompson when she was 15 years old; they had a son, who is not involved in the instant matter. Four months after they were married, Debra left Thompson, met and moved in with Clyde Terrell, and G.T. was born November 16, 1987. Due to his physical and mental abuse, Debra left him, met and “married”1 Morris Woods, and J.T. was born October 30, 1990. Debra left Woods because he abused her, divorced Thompson and married Donnie James. Debra later left Donnie and is currently involved with another woman in what she described as a nurturing and stable relationship. The parents have never litigated legal custody of J.T. and G.T.

In December 1999, Debra was talking to a friend who informed her that Woods had been arrested for aggravated rape of a young girl and was currently incarcerated. Overhearing the conversation, J.T. started crying and told her mother that Woods had done the same thing to her and if she had said something she could have stopped him from hurting the other little girl. Debra reported the incident to the authorities and OCS set up an appointment for J.T. with Dr. Anne Springer, a pediatrician.

On the morning of J.T.’s appointment, G.T. and Debra got into a confrontation and G.T. threatened suicide. G.T. was admitted into Brentwood and it was discovered that while in her biological father’s physical custody, G.T. was sexually molested by him. G.T. lived with Terrell from the time she was five until [2she turned 11 years old. Dr. Springer examined both girls and confirmed that there had been penetration.

Pursuant to an Instanter Order, OCS removed J.T. and G.T. from Debra’s custody on December 14, 1999 for failure to supervise and protect the children against sexual abuse. OCS filed a petition on January 6, 2000, alleging the children were in need of care. At the Continued Custody Hearing on January 25, Terrell and Woods2 stipulated that the children were in need of care and Terrell expressed wishes to surrender his rights to G.T. Thompson denied being the biological fa[1222]*1222ther and as legal father, expressed plans to surrender his rights. At this hearing, the trial court continued custody of the children with OCS.

An adjudication hearing was conducted on March 27 and 30, at which time the District Court found that the children were in need of care because they had been sexually abused by their fathers and inadequately supervised by their mother. Custody of G.T. and J.T. was continued with OCS. Debra appeals this judgment.

Law

“Allegations that a child is in need of care must assert one or more of the following grounds: (1) The child is the victim of abuse3 perpetrated, aided, or tolerated by the parent ... (2) The child is a victim of neglect. (3) The child is without necessary food, clothing, shelter, medical care, or supervision. (4) As a result of a criminal prosecution, the parent has been convicted of a crime against the child who is the subject of this proceeding, or against another child of the parent, and the parent is unable to retain custody or control or the child’s welfare is otherwise endangered if left within the parent’s custody or control. (5) The conduct of the parent ... constitutes a crime against the child or against any other child of that Dparent.” La. Ch.C. art. 606. “A child whose parent is unable to provide basic support, supervision, treatment, or services due to inadequate financial resources shall not, for that reason alone, be determined to be a child in need of care.” La. Ch.C. art 606B. The state shall have the burden to prove the allegations of a child in need of care petition by a preponderance of evidence. La. Ch.C. art. 665; State in Interest of H.P., 98-1015 (La.App. 3d Cir.10/28/98), 721 So.2d 546.

After an adjudication that a child is in need of care, and prior to entering a judgment of disposition, the court shall conduct a disposition hearing. La. Ch.C. art. 678, et seq. The court shall not remove a child from the custody of his parents unless his welfare cannot be adequately safeguarded without such removal. La. Ch.C. art. 682; State in the Interest of A.R., 99 0813 (La.App. 1st Cir.9/24/99), 754 So.2d 1073.

Analysis: Burden of Proof

Debra argues that the trial court incorrectly shifted the burden of proof away from OCS and to her. She bases this allegation on comments made by the trial court, specifically the trial court stated that “[t]he fact that she’s up here now trying to get the children back without taking advantage of what’s being offered to her ... doesn’t speak well of her.... It’s almost like the harder she gets up here and tells me they ought to be returned to her quicker, the more I’m inclined to think that’s not an appropriate place to place the children.” The trial court further told her to “put your evidence on at your own risk.”

The state had the burden of proving that the children were in need of care by a preponderance of the evidence. We do not construe the trial court’s remarks |4as shifting the burden of proof to Debra. Additionally, even if the trial court had erred by shifting the burden, we would still find that the evidence clearly showed that G.T. and J.T. were children in need of care, as it was uncontested that they had been victims of sexual abuse by their bio[1223]*1223logical fathers. This assignment of error lacks merit.

Judgment of Adjudication

Debra argues that the trial court erred in finding that G.T. and J.T. were in need of care for her failure to supervise and protect them. She avers that there is no evidence she participated in any direct abuse or that she allowed, aided or tolerated any sexual abuse perpetrated by the girls’ natural fathers. Furthermore, when she discovered that her daughters were abused, she immediately informed the authorities and is doing all she can to help prosecute the offenders. Debra argues that Woods is in jail and Terrell has not had access to his daughter since she found out about the abuse, thus the men no longer present a danger to the girls and that they should be returned to her custody. OCS argues that by fading to supervise G.T. and J.T., Debra allowed the girls to be molested and has shown a pattern of choosing men who are prone to abuse young girls and she does not currently have the skills to protect her daughters.

According to testimony, while Debra was living with Terrell, she heard that he raped his oldest daughter. Debra testified that she asked Terrell and others about the accusation and did her best to find out if it was true; however, Terrell denied the allegations and Debra could not confirm them. In 1996, after Debra and Terrell separated, OCS investigated a report of physical abuse perpetrated on G.T. by Terrell. It was at this time that Debra told OCS about the allegation that Terrell had raped his oldest daughter. At that time, Debra assured OCS that G.T. would reside with her and she would not be returned to Terrell’s physical custody; OCS took no steps to remove G.T. from her father or follow up to ensure that Terrell 15would not regain physical custody of his child.

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881 So. 2d 764 (Louisiana Court of Appeal, 2004)

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Bluebook (online)
765 So. 2d 1220, 2000 La. App. LEXIS 2090, 2000 WL 1194432, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-ex-rel-jt-v-james-lactapp-2000.