State ex rel. Bosch v. Industrial Commission

438 N.E.2d 415, 1 Ohio St. 3d 94, 1 Ohio B. 130, 1982 Ohio LEXIS 711
CourtOhio Supreme Court
DecidedJuly 28, 1982
DocketNos. 81-1658 and 81-1685
StatusPublished
Cited by61 cases

This text of 438 N.E.2d 415 (State ex rel. Bosch v. Industrial Commission) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Ohio Supreme Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State ex rel. Bosch v. Industrial Commission, 438 N.E.2d 415, 1 Ohio St. 3d 94, 1 Ohio B. 130, 1982 Ohio LEXIS 711 (Ohio 1982).

Opinions

William B. Brown, J.

No. 81-1685

The threshold question presented in case No. 81-1685 is whether a writ of mandamus would be proper relief in this cause. “In order for a writ of mandamus to issue, this court must find that relator has a clear legal right to the relief prayed for, that respondent is under a clear legal duty to perform the requested act, and that relator has no plain and adequate remedy at law.” State, ex rel. Heller, v. Miller (1980), 61 Ohio St. 2d 6, 7 [15 O.O. 3d 3].

R.C. 4123.519 provides, in pertinent part: “[t]he claimant or the employer may appeal a decision of the industrial commission * * * in any injury or occupational disease case, other than a decision as to the extent of disability, to the court of common pleas * * *.” (Emphasis added.) R.C. 4123.519 expressly provides, therefore, that the right of appeal is precluded in cases involving the extent of disability. Mandamus, then, is proper to challenge the commission’s decision on such a question. State, ex rel. General Motors Corp., v. Indus. Comm. (1975), 42 Ohio St. 2d 278 [71 O.O. 2d 255].

[97]*97“* * * [A]n order constituting a denial that is absolute and which goes to the basis of claimant’s right to participate in the fund is not a ‘decision as to the extent of disability,’ and is appealable pursuant to R.C. 4123.519.” Id., at page 280. Conversely, a decision affecting a claimant’s compensation, once claimant’s right to participate in the fund had previously been established, is a decision as to the extent of disability and is not appealable. State, ex rel. Commercial Motor Freight, v. Stebbins (1975), 42 Ohio St. 2d 389 [71 O.O. 2d 273].

In the case before this court, relator’s claim for temporary total disability was allowed in 1978. This injury formed the basis for his 1980 motion for additional compensation. That application did not involve the determination of his right to participate in the fund, which had been previously decided, but rather involved an increase in compensation based upon a previously compensable injury. Relator’s motion for additional compensation pertained to extent of disability and the decision of respondent to deny the motion is not appealable. Mandamus is, therefore, a proper form of relief in this case to test the Industrial Commission’s exercise of its discretion.

II

Industrial Commission Resolution No. R80-7-67, passed July 30, 1980, provides that the decision of this court in State, ex rel. Walker, v. Indus. Comm. (1979), 58 Ohio St. 2d 402 [12 O.O. 3d 347], “is not to be applied retroactively but shall apply only to claims where the date of injury is subsequent to June 20,1979 [the date of the decision].” The syllabus of Walker provides “[a] total and permanent loss of use of both legs constitutes a ‘loss’ within the meaning of R.C. 4123.57(C). (State, ex rel. Gassmann, v. Indus. Comm., 41 Ohio St. 2d 64 [75 O.O. 2d 157], followed; State, ex rel. Bohan, v. Indus. Comm., 146 Ohio St. 618 [33 O.O. 92], overruled.)”

Relator in case No. 81-1685 argues that Walker is a clarification of the original legislative intent in R.C. 4123.57(C) which establishes his right to the additional compensation. Furthermore, he argues that absent specific provision by this court, Walker should not be limited to injuries occurring after the date of the decision, but is applicable to all claimants sustaining injuries compensable under the statute. For the foregoing reasons, we agree.

In State, ex rel. Bohan, v. Indus. Comm. (1946), 146 Ohio St. 618 [33 O.O. 92], this court interpreted G.C. 1465-80 (predecessor section to R.C. 4123.57[C]) and concluded that “[t]he word ‘loss’ as used in Section 1465-80, General Code, and therein applied to certain members of the human body means loss by severance and not the loss of use of such members.” Id., at paragraph two of the syllabus.

The continuing validity of this holding was placed in some doubt, however, by State, ex rel. Gassmann, v. Indus. Comm. (1975), 41 Ohio St. 2d 64 [75 O.O. 2d 157], in which “loss” as used in R.C. 4123.58 was held to include “[t]otal and permanent paralysis of the body from the waist down * * This interpretation of R.C. 4123.58 was “fortified” by a 1973 amendment to the section [98]*98(135 Ohio Laws 1690, 1706) which specifically included “loss” and “loss of use” within the section. Id., at page 67. The amendment, in the view of this court, merely clarified the original legislative intent of the section.

Although Gassmann was careful to distinguish between the language and legislative histories of R.C. 4123.57 and 4123.58, this court in State, ex rel. Walker, v. Indus. Comm., supra, adopted the rationale of Gassmann, and explicitly followed it while overruling Bohan. We held that “ * * [f]or all practical purposes, relator has lost his legs to the same effect and extent as if they had been amputated or otherwise physically removed.’ ” Walker, at pages 403-404 (quoting Gassmann, at page 67).

The case before this court falls clearly within the purview of Walker, and but for respondent’s resolution to apply the case prospectively, relator would have a clear legal right to additional compensation. We turn, then, to the retroactivity of Walker.

It should be recognized that there is no specific provision in Walker that its interpretation of R.C. 4123.57(C) be applied prospectively only. Nor was the holding in Gassmann, upon which Walker is founded, so limited. In the absence of a specific provision in a decision declaring its application to be prospective only, see, e.g., Wolfe v. Wolfe (1976), 46 Ohio St. 2d 399 [75 O.O. 2d 474], the decision shall be applied retrospectively as well: “* * * [t]he general rule is that a decision of the court of supreme jurisdiction overruling a former decision is retrospective in its operation, and the effect is not that the former was bad law, but that it never was the law.” Peerless Electric Co. v. Bowers (1955), 164 Ohio St. 209, 210 [57 O.O. 411]. There was no basis, then, for the resolution of respondent applying Walker prospectively only, and, as such, respondent is under a clear legal duty to perform the requested act and award respondent additional compensation pursuant to R.C. 4123.57(C).3

Relator’s complaint also included a request for attorney’s fees. This request, however, was not addressed in his brief. Moreover, neither R.C. 4123.519 nor 2731.11 authorizes recovery of attorney’s fees. State, ex rel. Murphy, v. Indus. Comm. (1980), 61 Ohio St. 2d 312, 313 [15 O.O. 3d 386].4

No. 81-1658

The sole issue presented in case No. 81-1658 is whether appellant’s complaint for writ of mandamus was properly dismissed. Appellees assert, and the Court of Appeals so held, that State, ex rel. Foley, v. Greyhound Lines [99]*99(1968), 16 Ohio St. 2d 6 [45 O.O. 2d 223], is controlling and compels affirmance in this case.5 For the foregoing reasons, we disagree.

In Foley, the claimant was awarded permanent total disability for injuries to his back, shoulder and ankle pursuant to R.C. 4123.58.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
438 N.E.2d 415, 1 Ohio St. 3d 94, 1 Ohio B. 130, 1982 Ohio LEXIS 711, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-ex-rel-bosch-v-industrial-commission-ohio-1982.