State Dept., Natural Res. v. Sunset Realty

474 So. 2d 363
CourtDistrict Court of Appeal of Florida
DecidedAugust 9, 1985
DocketBD-389
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 474 So. 2d 363 (State Dept., Natural Res. v. Sunset Realty) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court of Appeal of Florida primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State Dept., Natural Res. v. Sunset Realty, 474 So. 2d 363 (Fla. Ct. App. 1985).

Opinion

474 So.2d 363 (1985)

STATE of Florida, DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES; and Elton J. Gissendanner, As Executive Director of the Department of Natural Resources, Appellants,
v.
SUNSET REALTY CORPORATION, Sunset Mainland Corporation, Sands, Inc., Sunset Gulf Corporation, and Boca Grande Club, Inc., All Florida Corporation, Appellees.

No. BD-389.

District Court of Appeal of Florida, First District.

August 9, 1985.

*364 Andrew S. Grayson, Asst. General Counsel, Dept. of Natural Resources, Tallahassee, for appellants.

Carlos Alvarez and Carolyn S. Raepple of Hopping, Boyd, Green & Sams, Tallahassee, for appellees.

JOANOS, Judge.

The Department of Natural Resources (DNR) has appealed from a final order granting partial summary judgment to Sunset Realty Corporation (Sunset), in Sunset's suit against DNR. (Sunset Realty Corporation is the predecessor in title of all the entities named as appellees in this suit.) Sunset had sought specific performance of a 1978 settlement agreement entered into between the parties. Sunset has cross-appealed that portion of the final order in which the trial court determined the settlement agreement has a 10-year duration. The questions before us are (1) whether the trial court erred in entering partial summary judgment in favor of Sunset, and (2) whether the trial court erred in determining that the settlement agreement was for a 10-year duration. We reverse.

This case had its genesis in DNR's 1977 rulemaking initiative wherein DNR established a coastal construction setback line in Charlotte County, pursuant to Section 161.053, Florida Statutes (1975). The statute provided in part that:

Setback lines established under the provisions of this section shall be subject to review by the department at 5-year intervals from time of establishment or at the written request of officials of affected counties or municipalities. (emphasis supplied).

*365 Sunset challenged the location of the setback line on its Gasparilla Island property in Sunset Realty Corporation v. Reubin O'D. Askew, et al., Case No. 77-464 (Fla. 2d DCA, filed March 15, 1977). DNR responded by filing, in the Florida Supreme Court, a suggestion for a writ of prohibition concerning Sunset's petition for review. Then, on February 20, 1978, Sunset and DNR executed a settlement agreement which the parties agreed "constitute[d] a full settlement of all issues, grievances, and rights alleged in the litigation previously referenced."

The purpose statement of the settlement agreement expresses the desire of Sunset and DNR "to establish a coastal construction setback line that will further the aims of Chapter 161, Florida Statutes, and specifically that will protect upland properties and control beach erosion consistent with private property rights." The agreement provided for a regulated coastal zone on Gasparilla Island wherein certain minimum construction standards would apply. Following a recitation of the minimum construction standards applicable to the regulated coastal zone, the agreement expressly provides:

(4) Only minor structures, including but not limited to, pile supported wooden, elevated dune overwalks, viewing platforms, beach huts and gazebos, may be constructed gulfward of the established coastal construction setback line and only then after complying with the provisions of Chapters 161.053, Florida Statutes. (emphasis supplied).

Paragraph (5) of the agreement required Sunset to incorporate the minimum construction standards set forth in the agreement in deed restrictions, "recorded in the official records of Charlotte County," with the express provision that the deed restrictions "may be enforced by the Department of Natural Resources, Bureau of Beaches and Shores."

In 1978 the terminology of the statute changed the phrase "coastal construction setback line" to "coastal construction control lines." (CCCL). Ch. 78-257, § 5, Laws of Florida. The statute was further amended in 1980 when the 5-year mandatory review by DNR was changed to provide for "review at the discretion of the department after consideration of hydrographic and topographic data." Ch. 80-183, § 3, Laws of Fla.; § 161.053, Fla. Stat. (1981).

In 1984 DNR initiated rulemaking proceedings to establish a new CCCL for Charlotte County. The new CCCL proposed by DNR is landward of the coastal construction setback line established in the 1978 settlement agreement, thus it affects more of Sunset's property.

Following DNR's rulemaking initiative, Sunset filed a complaint seeking declaratory judgment alleging that DNR "has recently demonstrated its intention to breach the Settlement Agreement (S/A) and it is attempting to unilaterally amend and modify the terms and conditions contained in that agreement." In Count I of the complaint, Sunset sought specific performance of the settlement agreement; in Count II, Sunset sought a declaration that the settlement agreement constitutes a waiver or variance; and in Count III, Sunset sought an order holding that DNR is equitably estopped from nullifying or modifying the settlement agreement. In its answer and affirmative defenses, DNR asserted as a defense that the settlement agreement at issue was based upon Section 161.053, Florida Statutes (1975), which required DNR to establish coastal construction setback lines and to review the lines every five years. DNR noted the 1983 change in the law, which provides for review at DNR's discretion, after consideration of shoreline changes or upon the written request of affected counties or municipalities. After studying such shoreline changes, DNR had designated Charlotte County as a priority county for reestablishment of the CCCL. DNR alleged that Sunset had actual notice of the 5-year time period for review and possible reestablishment of the CCCL, due to the reference in the settlement agreement to Section 161.053, Florida Statutes (1975) — which expressly mandated the 5-year restudy.

*366 In 1984, at the request of the governor and cabinet, DNR prepared a document entitled — "Coastal Construction Control Line Restudy/Reestablishment Process, pursuant to Section 161.053, Florida Statutes — Status Overview." This status report designated Charlotte County a high priority area, and rated the adequacy of its existing control line as "critical." DNR personnel rate the adequacy of a control line in terms of its effectiveness in beach dune preservation as well as its effectiveness in preservation of the adjacent property. Of the 24 counties reviewed in the Status Overview, only Charlotte County received a "critical" designation with regard to the effectiveness of its existing control lines.

Both Sunset and DNR filed motions for partial summary judgment. DNR's position was that the settlement agreement entered into between the parties expressly states the terms of the agreement were to operate in compliance with the provisions of Chapter 161.053, Florida Statutes — which mandated a review of the control lines every five years. Sunset's position was that the 1978 settlement agreement did not provide for duration of the contract, therefore the agreement should be construed as in effect for a "reasonable time," i.e., the 15 to 20 year build-out period contemplated by Sunset. The trial court entered final partial summary judgment in favor of Sunset, finding the 1978 settlement agreement a valid, enforceable contract effective for ten years from the date of its execution.

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

Evans Packing Co. v. Dept. of Agriculture
550 So. 2d 112 (District Court of Appeal of Florida, 1989)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
474 So. 2d 363, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-dept-natural-res-v-sunset-realty-fladistctapp-1985.