1 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 2 EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 3 4 KAREN LYNN REID, No. 1:20-cv-00732-GSA 5 Plaintiff, 6 v. ORDER GRANTING PLAINTIFF’S UNOPPOSED MOTION FOR EAJA 7 KILOLO KIJAKAZI, Commissioner of ATTORNEY’S FEES IN PART Social Security, 8 (Doc. 27) 9 Defendant. 10 I. Introduction and Procedural Background 11 On May 26, 2020 Plaintiff Karen Lynn Reid (“Plaintiff”) sought judicial review of a final 12 decision of the Commissioner of Social Security (“Commissioner” or “Defendant”) denying her 13 application for social security benefits. Doc. 1. Pursuant to the parties’ stipulation for voluntary 14 remand, on May 10, 2021 the Court issued an order remanding the matter to the agency under 15 sentence four of 42 U.S.C. 405(g) for further proceedings. Doc. 24. Judgment was entered the 16 same day. Doc. 25. 17 On August 3, 2021 Plaintiff moved for an award of attorneys’ fees pursuant to the Equal 18 Access to Justice Act (EAJA), 28 U.S.C. § 2412(d). Doc. 27. In support of the request for 19 $3,323.53 in fees and $17.25 in costs, Plaintiff’s counsel filed a declaration containing billing and 20 time records. Doc. 27-2. 21 II. Discussion 22 A. Substantial Justification 23 1. Legal Standard 24 A party seeking an award of fees and other expenses shall, within thirty days of final 25 judgment in the action, submit to the court an application for fees and other expenses 26 which shows that the party is a prevailing party and is eligible to receive an award under this subsection, and the amount sought, including an itemized statement from 27 any attorney or expert witness representing or appearing in behalf of the party stating the actual time expended and the rate at which fees and other expenses were 28 1 computed. The party shall also allege that the position of the United States was not substantially justified. Whether or not the position of the United States was 2 substantially justified shall be determined on the basis of the record (including the 3 record with respect to the action or failure to act by the agency upon which the civil action is based) which is made in the civil action for which fees and other expenses
4 are sought.
5 28 U.S.C. § 2412(d)(1)(B).
6 A plaintiff appealing a denial of Social Security benefits need not be awarded benefits to be
7 considered a prevailing party. Shalala v. Schaefer, 509 U.S. 292, 300 (1993). A plaintiff who
8 obtains a remand order pursuant to sentence four of 42 U. S.C. § 405(g) is also considered a 9 prevailing party under the EAJA. Id. A prevailing party is entitled to a fee award when the position 10 11 of the United States was not substantially justified. See 28 U.S.C. § 2412(d)(1)(B). While the 12 prevailing party must only allege that the position of the United States was not substantially 13 justified, the United States must carry the burden of establishing substantial justification. See 28 14 U.S.C. § 2412(d)(1)(B); Scarborough v. Principi, 541 U.S. 401, 414 (2004). 15 “To establish substantial justification, the government need not establish that it was correct 16 or ‘justified to a high degree’ . . . only that its position is one that ‘a reasonable person could think 17 it correct, that is, has a reasonable basis in law and fact.’” Ibrahim v. DHS, 912 F.3d 1147, 1167 18 19 (9th Cir. 2019) (en banc) (quoting Pierce v. Underwood, 487 U.S. 552 (1988)). The substantial 20 justification standard is satisfied if there is a “genuine dispute” of fact or law, even if the court 21 ultimately rules against the government. See Pierce, 487 U.S. at 565. The determination of 22 substantial justification is within the discretion of the district court. Pierce v. Underwood, 487 U.S. 23 552 (1988); McDonald v. Sec'y of Health & Hum. Servs., 884 F.2d 1468, 1473 (1st Cir. 1989). 24 Pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2412(d)(2)(D) ‘“position of the United States’ means, in addition 25 26 to the position taken by the United States in the civil action, the action or failure to act by the agency 27 upon which the civil action is based . . .’” Thus, the substantial justification standard applies not 28 1 only to the underlying agency action in denying benefits, but also to the legal and factual positions
2 advanced by the government’s attorneys during the litigation.
3 2. Analysis
4 On August 17, 2021, Defendant filed a response indicating no opposition to Plaintiff’s 5 motion. Doc. 28. As Defendant is not contesting the issue of substantial justification, a fee award 6 7 is warranted.
8 B. Fee Amount
9 1. Legal Standard 10 Having determined a fee award is appropriate, the Court must consider the reasonableness 11 of the fee request. See 28 U.S.C. § 2412(d)(2)(A). The Court has an “independent obligation for 12 judicial review of the reasonableness of the amount of fees sought under the EAJA regardless of 13 whether the request is opposed.” Douzat v. Saul, 2020 WL 3408706, at *1 (D. Nev. June 11, 2020), 14 15 citing Lucas v. White, 63 F. Supp. 2d 1046, 1060 (N.D. Cal. 1999). “This obligation is consistent 16 with Ninth Circuit precedent outside the EAJA context that similarly highlights the Court's duty to 17 review the reasonableness of a fee request.” Id, citing Gates v. Deukmejian, 987 F.2d 1392, 1401 18 (9th Cir. 1992) (in addressing request for fees under 42 U.S.C. § 1988, indicating that “the district 19 court is required to independently review [a] fee request even absent . . . objections”). 20 Under fee shifting statutes, the movant generally bears the burden of documenting hours 21 and establishing reasonableness of the fee request. See, e.g., Hensley v. Eckerhart, 461 U.S. 424, 22 23 434 (1983). In addition to the overall fee request, each individual billing entry is also subject to 24 scrutiny. Spegon v. Catholic Bishop, 175 F.3d 544, 552 (7th Cir. 1999). Counsel is entitled to 25 compensation for all work a reasonable and prudent lawyer would undertake to advance her client’s 26 interests. Moore v. Jas. H. Matthews & Co., 682 F.2d 830, 839 (9th Cir. 1982). 27 28 1 EAJA hourly rates are capped at $125.00 per hour plus annual cost of living adjustments
2 pursuant to the formula set forth in Thangaraja v.
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1 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 2 EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 3 4 KAREN LYNN REID, No. 1:20-cv-00732-GSA 5 Plaintiff, 6 v. ORDER GRANTING PLAINTIFF’S UNOPPOSED MOTION FOR EAJA 7 KILOLO KIJAKAZI, Commissioner of ATTORNEY’S FEES IN PART Social Security, 8 (Doc. 27) 9 Defendant. 10 I. Introduction and Procedural Background 11 On May 26, 2020 Plaintiff Karen Lynn Reid (“Plaintiff”) sought judicial review of a final 12 decision of the Commissioner of Social Security (“Commissioner” or “Defendant”) denying her 13 application for social security benefits. Doc. 1. Pursuant to the parties’ stipulation for voluntary 14 remand, on May 10, 2021 the Court issued an order remanding the matter to the agency under 15 sentence four of 42 U.S.C. 405(g) for further proceedings. Doc. 24. Judgment was entered the 16 same day. Doc. 25. 17 On August 3, 2021 Plaintiff moved for an award of attorneys’ fees pursuant to the Equal 18 Access to Justice Act (EAJA), 28 U.S.C. § 2412(d). Doc. 27. In support of the request for 19 $3,323.53 in fees and $17.25 in costs, Plaintiff’s counsel filed a declaration containing billing and 20 time records. Doc. 27-2. 21 II. Discussion 22 A. Substantial Justification 23 1. Legal Standard 24 A party seeking an award of fees and other expenses shall, within thirty days of final 25 judgment in the action, submit to the court an application for fees and other expenses 26 which shows that the party is a prevailing party and is eligible to receive an award under this subsection, and the amount sought, including an itemized statement from 27 any attorney or expert witness representing or appearing in behalf of the party stating the actual time expended and the rate at which fees and other expenses were 28 1 computed. The party shall also allege that the position of the United States was not substantially justified. Whether or not the position of the United States was 2 substantially justified shall be determined on the basis of the record (including the 3 record with respect to the action or failure to act by the agency upon which the civil action is based) which is made in the civil action for which fees and other expenses
4 are sought.
5 28 U.S.C. § 2412(d)(1)(B).
6 A plaintiff appealing a denial of Social Security benefits need not be awarded benefits to be
7 considered a prevailing party. Shalala v. Schaefer, 509 U.S. 292, 300 (1993). A plaintiff who
8 obtains a remand order pursuant to sentence four of 42 U. S.C. § 405(g) is also considered a 9 prevailing party under the EAJA. Id. A prevailing party is entitled to a fee award when the position 10 11 of the United States was not substantially justified. See 28 U.S.C. § 2412(d)(1)(B). While the 12 prevailing party must only allege that the position of the United States was not substantially 13 justified, the United States must carry the burden of establishing substantial justification. See 28 14 U.S.C. § 2412(d)(1)(B); Scarborough v. Principi, 541 U.S. 401, 414 (2004). 15 “To establish substantial justification, the government need not establish that it was correct 16 or ‘justified to a high degree’ . . . only that its position is one that ‘a reasonable person could think 17 it correct, that is, has a reasonable basis in law and fact.’” Ibrahim v. DHS, 912 F.3d 1147, 1167 18 19 (9th Cir. 2019) (en banc) (quoting Pierce v. Underwood, 487 U.S. 552 (1988)). The substantial 20 justification standard is satisfied if there is a “genuine dispute” of fact or law, even if the court 21 ultimately rules against the government. See Pierce, 487 U.S. at 565. The determination of 22 substantial justification is within the discretion of the district court. Pierce v. Underwood, 487 U.S. 23 552 (1988); McDonald v. Sec'y of Health & Hum. Servs., 884 F.2d 1468, 1473 (1st Cir. 1989). 24 Pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2412(d)(2)(D) ‘“position of the United States’ means, in addition 25 26 to the position taken by the United States in the civil action, the action or failure to act by the agency 27 upon which the civil action is based . . .’” Thus, the substantial justification standard applies not 28 1 only to the underlying agency action in denying benefits, but also to the legal and factual positions
2 advanced by the government’s attorneys during the litigation.
3 2. Analysis
4 On August 17, 2021, Defendant filed a response indicating no opposition to Plaintiff’s 5 motion. Doc. 28. As Defendant is not contesting the issue of substantial justification, a fee award 6 7 is warranted.
8 B. Fee Amount
9 1. Legal Standard 10 Having determined a fee award is appropriate, the Court must consider the reasonableness 11 of the fee request. See 28 U.S.C. § 2412(d)(2)(A). The Court has an “independent obligation for 12 judicial review of the reasonableness of the amount of fees sought under the EAJA regardless of 13 whether the request is opposed.” Douzat v. Saul, 2020 WL 3408706, at *1 (D. Nev. June 11, 2020), 14 15 citing Lucas v. White, 63 F. Supp. 2d 1046, 1060 (N.D. Cal. 1999). “This obligation is consistent 16 with Ninth Circuit precedent outside the EAJA context that similarly highlights the Court's duty to 17 review the reasonableness of a fee request.” Id, citing Gates v. Deukmejian, 987 F.2d 1392, 1401 18 (9th Cir. 1992) (in addressing request for fees under 42 U.S.C. § 1988, indicating that “the district 19 court is required to independently review [a] fee request even absent . . . objections”). 20 Under fee shifting statutes, the movant generally bears the burden of documenting hours 21 and establishing reasonableness of the fee request. See, e.g., Hensley v. Eckerhart, 461 U.S. 424, 22 23 434 (1983). In addition to the overall fee request, each individual billing entry is also subject to 24 scrutiny. Spegon v. Catholic Bishop, 175 F.3d 544, 552 (7th Cir. 1999). Counsel is entitled to 25 compensation for all work a reasonable and prudent lawyer would undertake to advance her client’s 26 interests. Moore v. Jas. H. Matthews & Co., 682 F.2d 830, 839 (9th Cir. 1982). 27 28 1 EAJA hourly rates are capped at $125.00 per hour plus annual cost of living adjustments
2 pursuant to the formula set forth in Thangaraja v. Gonzales, 428 F.3d 870, 876–77 (9th Cir. 2005),
3 and published electronically by the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals. See 9th Cir. R. 39-1.6. The
4 rate set was $207.78 per hour for 2020 and $213.74 for 2021.1 5 2. Analysis 6 7 Here, counsel seeks compensation for 18.6 hours of work between 2020 and 2021, including
8 11.4 hours of attorney time at the Ninth Circuit’s approved rates and 7.2 hours of paralegal time at
9 a rate of $125 per hour. 10 “Courts should generally defer to the ‘winning lawyer’s professional judgment as to how 11 much time he was required to spend on the case.’” See Costa v. Comm’r of Soc. Sec. Admin., 690 12 F.3d 1132, 1136 (9th Cir. 2012), quoting Moreno v. City of Sacramento, 534 F.3d 1106, 1112 (9th 13 Cir. 2008)). District courts often decline to do a line-by-line review of the fee petition where the 14 15 overall number of hours expended was reasonable. See, e.g., Allen v. Berryhill, Case No. 17-cv- 16 03384-SI, 2019 WL 343422 (N.D. Cal. January 28, 2019) (70.85 hours); Thompson v. Colvin (E.D. 17 Cal., Apr. 17, 2015, No. 2:12-CV-01850-AC) 2015 WL 1767733, at *2 (63.4 hours); Schneider v. 18 Colvin (E.D. Cal., Feb. 9, 2016, No. 1:14-CV-0034-SKO) 2016 WL 500595, at *4 (55.4 hours)). 19 Other courts do conduct line-by-line reviews of fee petitions and deduct time sought for 20 non-compensable work and for certain time entry practices. See e.g., Henderson v. Comm'r of Soc. 21 Sec., No. 1:20-CV-0562 JLT, 2021 WL 2457540, at *3 (E.D. Cal. June 16, 2021) (eliminating time 22 23 entries for duplicative tasks); Mallard v. Berryhill, No. 1:17-CV-01212 - JLT, 2019 WL 2389506, 24 at *3 (E.D. Cal. June 6, 2019) (same); Neil v. Comm’r of Soc. Sec., 495 F. App’x 845, 847 (9th Cir. 25 26 27 1 See United States Courts for the Ninth Circuit, Statutory Maximum Rates Under the Equal Access to Justice Act, 28 available at https://www.ca9.uscourts.gov/content/view.php?pk_id=0000000039 (last visited August 18, 2021). 1 2012) (unpublished) (affirming reductions for clerical tasks, vague narratives, block billing, and
2 use of quarter-hour billing increments).
3 Here, although merits briefs were never filed with the Court given the stipulation to remand,
4 18.6 hours is not an unreasonable amount of time for the initial case workup through the stage of 5 administrative record review and confidential letter briefing. Nevertheless, a line-by-line review 6 7 of counsel’s billing records reveals that some minor reductions are warranted for purely clerical
8 work.
9 Although paralegal work is often quasi-legal in nature and is not categorically excludable, 10 purely clerical or administrative tasks are generally not compensable. Courts have excluded billing 11 entries such as summons preparation, service of process, IFP applications, mailing preparations, 12 and ECF downloading or uploading. See Nadarajah v. Holder, 569 F.3d 906, 921 (9th Cir.2009) 13 (holding that clerical tasks such as filing and organization “should have been subsumed in firm 14 15 overhead rather than billed at paralegal rates”) Neil v. Comm’r of Soc. Sec., 495 F. App’x 845, 847 16 (9th Cir. 2012) (unpublished); Hicks v. Comm’r of Soc. Sec., No. 217CV02480TLNKJN, 2019 WL 17 2537953, at *3 (E.D. Cal. June 20, 2019); Cathey v. Comm’r of Soc. Sec., 2013 WL 1694950 at *8 18 (E.D. Cal. Apr. 18, 2013). 19 The following time entries are excludable, as they involve purely clerical tasks including 20 preparing service of process packets for mailing, other document preparation and PDF 21 manipulation: 22 23 • 8/7/2020 Fed Court-service of process-prepare service packets to USAO, OGC, AG (0.6) 24 • 8/17/2020 Combine proof of service, send to Local Counsel (0.1) 25 • 2/23/2021 Combine, OCR & live bookmark federal court transcript (1321 pages) (1.3) 26 Accordingly, 2.0 hours of paralegal time at a rate of $125 will be deducted, resulting in an 27 award of $3,090.78 in fees and costs. 28 1 III. Order
2 Plaintiff’s motion for attorney fees (Doc. 27) is granted in part. Fees and costs in an
3 amount of $3,090.78 are awarded in favor of Plaintiff Karen Lynn Reid and against Defendant
4 Kililo Kijakazi, Commissioner of Social Security. 5 Fees and costs shall be made payable to Plaintiff. The Department of the Treasury shall 6 7 determine whether Plaintiff owes a federal debt. If she does not, then the government shall cause
8 the payment of $3,090.78 in fees and costs to be made directly to Plaintiff’s Counsel, Olinsky Law
9 Group, pursuant to the assignment executed by Plaintiff (Doc. 27-6).2 10
11 IT IS SO ORDERED. 12 Dated: September 20, 2021 /s/ Gary S. Austin 13 UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
28 2 See Astrue v. Ratliff, 560 U.S. 586, 593, 597 (2010).