5 6 7 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 8 EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 9 10 VALERIE DENNISON, Case No. 1:21-cv-00484-EPG 11 Plaintiff, ORDER GRANTING UNOPPOSED MOTION FOR ATTORNEY’S FEES PURSUANT TO 12 v. EQUAL JUSTICE ACT 28 U.S.C. § 2412(d) 13 COMMISSIONER OF SOCIAL (ECF No. 22). SECURITY, 14
15 Defendants.
16 17 On October 19, 2022, Attorney Jonathan Pena, counsel for Plaintiff Valerie Dennison, 18 filed a motion for an award of attorney’s fees under the Equal Access to Justice Act (EAJA), 28 19 U.S.C. § 2412(d). (ECF No. 22). On October 21, 2022, the Court ordered the Commissioner to 20 file an opposition or statement of non-opposition to Plaintiff’s request for EAJA fees by no later 21 than November 28, 2022. (ECF No. 23). Plaintiff and the Commissioner of Social Security were 22 each served with a copy of the motion. (ECF No. 25; ECF No. 22, p. 7). The Commissioner has 23 not filed an objection or otherwise responded to the motion. 24 For the reasons set forth below, the motion for an award of attorney’s fees is GRANTED 25 in the amount of $7,268.78. 26 I. BACKGROUND 27 Plaintiff filed the complaint in this case on March 23, 2021. (ECF No. 1). The parties 28 1 consented to this case proceeding before the undersigned. (ECF No. 11). After Plaintiff filed her 2 opening brief (ECF No. 17), the parties’ filed a stipulation for voluntary remand pursuant to 3 Sentence Four of 42 U.S.C. § 405(g). (ECF No. 19). On July 21, 2022, the Court issued an order 4 approving the parties’ stipulation and entering judgment in favor of Plaintiff. (ECF No. 20). This matter is now before the Court on Plaintiff’s counsel’s motion, seeking an award of 5 $7,268.78. (ECF No. 22, p.1). In support of this amount, counsel provides an itemized list of 6 hours billed. (ECF No. 22-2). Additionally, counsel requests that “[i]f the Plaintiff has no debt 7 registered with the Department of Treasury subject to offset that the fees be made payable to the 8 attorney” pursuant to the written fee agreement between Plaintiff and Plaintiff’s counsel. (Id. at 1- 9 2; see ECF No. 22-1). 10 II. DISCUSSION 11 The Equal Access to Justice Act provides: 12 Except as otherwise specifically provided by statute, a court shall award to a 13 prevailing party other than the United States fees and other expenses, in addition to any costs awarded pursuant to subsection (a), incurred by that party in any civil 14 action (other than cases sounding in tort), including proceedings for judicial review of agency action, brought by or against the United States in any court 15 having jurisdiction of that action, unless the court finds that the position of the United States was substantially justified or that special circumstances make an 16 award unjust. 17 28 U.S.C. §2412(d)(1)(A). 18 A. The Commissioner’s Position was not “Substantially Justified” 19 The government has the “burden to show that its position was substantially 20 justified.” Meier v. Colvin, 727 F. 3d 867, 870 (9th Cir. 2013). The government's position includes both its “litigation position and the underlying agency action giving rise to the civil 21 action.” Id. Thus, if the underlying agency action, here the ALJ's determination, was not 22 substantially justified, an award of attorney fees is warranted. Id. at 872 (“Because the 23 government's underlying position was not substantially justified, we need not address whether the 24 government's litigation position was justified.”). And, even if the government's position at the 25 agency level was substantially justified, attorney fees are still warranted if the government's 26 subsequent litigation position was not substantially justified. Id. 27 “Substantial justification means justified in substance or in the main−that is, justified to a 28 1 degree that could satisfy a reasonable person.” Id. (internal quotation marks and citation omitted). 2 Put differently, to be substantially justified, “the government's position must have a reasonable 3 basis both in law and fact.” Id. (internal quotation marks and citation omitted). 4 Here, the Commissioner has not opposed nor otherwise responded to counsel’s motion for attorney fees. Moreover, the Commissioner filed a voluntary stipulation for remand (see ECF No. 5 20), indicating that the Commissioner’s position was not substantially justified. See Ulugalu v. 6 Berryhill, No. 17-CV-01087-GPC-JLB, 2018 WL 2012330, at *3 (S.D. Cal. Apr. 30, 2018) 7 (finding the Commissioner did not demonstrate substantial justification for her position where she 8 filed a voluntary stipulation for remand and the matter was referred to an administrative law judge 9 to make a new determination as to the plaintiff's disability). Accordingly, the Court finds that 10 Plaintiff is entitled to EAJA fees, provided that such fees are reasonable.1 11 B. Reasonableness of Plaintiff’s Requested Attorney Fees 12 Under the EAJA, attorney fees must be reasonable. 28 U.S.C. § 2412(d)(1)(A); Perez– 13 Arellano v. Smith, 279 F.3d 791, 793 (9th Cir. 2002). “The EAJA further provides district courts 14 discretion to adjust the amount of fees for various portions of the litigation, guided by reason and 15 statutory criteria.” Comm'r, I.N.S. v. Jean, 496 U.S. 154, 165-66 (1990). By statute, hourly rates 16 for attorney fees under the EAJA are capped at $125 per hour, but district courts are permitted to 17 adjust the rate to compensate for increases in the cost of living. Sorenson v. Mink, 239 F.3d 1140, 18 1145 (9th Cir. 2001) (“On March 29, 1996, the statute was amended to increase the 19 maximum fee to $125 per hour, plus any ‘cost of living’ and ‘special factor’ adjustments. The 20 $125 per hour cap applies to cases commenced on or after March 29, 1996.”). In the Ninth Circuit, the statutory maximum EAJA rates for the year at issue, 2022, is $234.95. See Statutory 21 Maximum Rates Under the Equal Access to Justice Act, U.S. Courts for the Ninth Circuit, 22 https://www.ca9.uscourts.gov/attorneys/statutory-maximum-rates/ (last visited February 28, 23 2023). 24 Determining a reasonable fee “requires more inquiry by a district court than finding the 25
26 1 The government also bears the burden of demonstrating that no special circumstances exist that make the award unjust. 28 U.S.C. § 2412(d)(1)(A). The special circumstance exception applies when the case involves a novel but 27 credible interpretation of the law, an issue on which reasonable minds could differ, or an important and doubtful question. Grayson Elec. Co. v. NLRB, 951 F.2d 1100, 1103 (9th Cir. 1991). Since no opposition was filed by the 28 Commissioner, the Court finds that there are no special circumstances that would make an award of fees unjust. 1 ‘product of reasonable hours times a reasonable rate.’” Atkins v. Apfel, 154 F.3d 986, 988 (9th 2 Cir. 1998) (quoting Hensley v.
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5 6 7 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 8 EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 9 10 VALERIE DENNISON, Case No. 1:21-cv-00484-EPG 11 Plaintiff, ORDER GRANTING UNOPPOSED MOTION FOR ATTORNEY’S FEES PURSUANT TO 12 v. EQUAL JUSTICE ACT 28 U.S.C. § 2412(d) 13 COMMISSIONER OF SOCIAL (ECF No. 22). SECURITY, 14
15 Defendants.
16 17 On October 19, 2022, Attorney Jonathan Pena, counsel for Plaintiff Valerie Dennison, 18 filed a motion for an award of attorney’s fees under the Equal Access to Justice Act (EAJA), 28 19 U.S.C. § 2412(d). (ECF No. 22). On October 21, 2022, the Court ordered the Commissioner to 20 file an opposition or statement of non-opposition to Plaintiff’s request for EAJA fees by no later 21 than November 28, 2022. (ECF No. 23). Plaintiff and the Commissioner of Social Security were 22 each served with a copy of the motion. (ECF No. 25; ECF No. 22, p. 7). The Commissioner has 23 not filed an objection or otherwise responded to the motion. 24 For the reasons set forth below, the motion for an award of attorney’s fees is GRANTED 25 in the amount of $7,268.78. 26 I. BACKGROUND 27 Plaintiff filed the complaint in this case on March 23, 2021. (ECF No. 1). The parties 28 1 consented to this case proceeding before the undersigned. (ECF No. 11). After Plaintiff filed her 2 opening brief (ECF No. 17), the parties’ filed a stipulation for voluntary remand pursuant to 3 Sentence Four of 42 U.S.C. § 405(g). (ECF No. 19). On July 21, 2022, the Court issued an order 4 approving the parties’ stipulation and entering judgment in favor of Plaintiff. (ECF No. 20). This matter is now before the Court on Plaintiff’s counsel’s motion, seeking an award of 5 $7,268.78. (ECF No. 22, p.1). In support of this amount, counsel provides an itemized list of 6 hours billed. (ECF No. 22-2). Additionally, counsel requests that “[i]f the Plaintiff has no debt 7 registered with the Department of Treasury subject to offset that the fees be made payable to the 8 attorney” pursuant to the written fee agreement between Plaintiff and Plaintiff’s counsel. (Id. at 1- 9 2; see ECF No. 22-1). 10 II. DISCUSSION 11 The Equal Access to Justice Act provides: 12 Except as otherwise specifically provided by statute, a court shall award to a 13 prevailing party other than the United States fees and other expenses, in addition to any costs awarded pursuant to subsection (a), incurred by that party in any civil 14 action (other than cases sounding in tort), including proceedings for judicial review of agency action, brought by or against the United States in any court 15 having jurisdiction of that action, unless the court finds that the position of the United States was substantially justified or that special circumstances make an 16 award unjust. 17 28 U.S.C. §2412(d)(1)(A). 18 A. The Commissioner’s Position was not “Substantially Justified” 19 The government has the “burden to show that its position was substantially 20 justified.” Meier v. Colvin, 727 F. 3d 867, 870 (9th Cir. 2013). The government's position includes both its “litigation position and the underlying agency action giving rise to the civil 21 action.” Id. Thus, if the underlying agency action, here the ALJ's determination, was not 22 substantially justified, an award of attorney fees is warranted. Id. at 872 (“Because the 23 government's underlying position was not substantially justified, we need not address whether the 24 government's litigation position was justified.”). And, even if the government's position at the 25 agency level was substantially justified, attorney fees are still warranted if the government's 26 subsequent litigation position was not substantially justified. Id. 27 “Substantial justification means justified in substance or in the main−that is, justified to a 28 1 degree that could satisfy a reasonable person.” Id. (internal quotation marks and citation omitted). 2 Put differently, to be substantially justified, “the government's position must have a reasonable 3 basis both in law and fact.” Id. (internal quotation marks and citation omitted). 4 Here, the Commissioner has not opposed nor otherwise responded to counsel’s motion for attorney fees. Moreover, the Commissioner filed a voluntary stipulation for remand (see ECF No. 5 20), indicating that the Commissioner’s position was not substantially justified. See Ulugalu v. 6 Berryhill, No. 17-CV-01087-GPC-JLB, 2018 WL 2012330, at *3 (S.D. Cal. Apr. 30, 2018) 7 (finding the Commissioner did not demonstrate substantial justification for her position where she 8 filed a voluntary stipulation for remand and the matter was referred to an administrative law judge 9 to make a new determination as to the plaintiff's disability). Accordingly, the Court finds that 10 Plaintiff is entitled to EAJA fees, provided that such fees are reasonable.1 11 B. Reasonableness of Plaintiff’s Requested Attorney Fees 12 Under the EAJA, attorney fees must be reasonable. 28 U.S.C. § 2412(d)(1)(A); Perez– 13 Arellano v. Smith, 279 F.3d 791, 793 (9th Cir. 2002). “The EAJA further provides district courts 14 discretion to adjust the amount of fees for various portions of the litigation, guided by reason and 15 statutory criteria.” Comm'r, I.N.S. v. Jean, 496 U.S. 154, 165-66 (1990). By statute, hourly rates 16 for attorney fees under the EAJA are capped at $125 per hour, but district courts are permitted to 17 adjust the rate to compensate for increases in the cost of living. Sorenson v. Mink, 239 F.3d 1140, 18 1145 (9th Cir. 2001) (“On March 29, 1996, the statute was amended to increase the 19 maximum fee to $125 per hour, plus any ‘cost of living’ and ‘special factor’ adjustments. The 20 $125 per hour cap applies to cases commenced on or after March 29, 1996.”). In the Ninth Circuit, the statutory maximum EAJA rates for the year at issue, 2022, is $234.95. See Statutory 21 Maximum Rates Under the Equal Access to Justice Act, U.S. Courts for the Ninth Circuit, 22 https://www.ca9.uscourts.gov/attorneys/statutory-maximum-rates/ (last visited February 28, 23 2023). 24 Determining a reasonable fee “requires more inquiry by a district court than finding the 25
26 1 The government also bears the burden of demonstrating that no special circumstances exist that make the award unjust. 28 U.S.C. § 2412(d)(1)(A). The special circumstance exception applies when the case involves a novel but 27 credible interpretation of the law, an issue on which reasonable minds could differ, or an important and doubtful question. Grayson Elec. Co. v. NLRB, 951 F.2d 1100, 1103 (9th Cir. 1991). Since no opposition was filed by the 28 Commissioner, the Court finds that there are no special circumstances that would make an award of fees unjust. 1 ‘product of reasonable hours times a reasonable rate.’” Atkins v. Apfel, 154 F.3d 986, 988 (9th 2 Cir. 1998) (quoting Hensley v. Eckerhart, 461 U.S. 424, 434 (1983)). The district court must 3 consider “the relationship between the amount of the fee awarded and the results obtained.” Id. at 4 989. Counsel for the prevailing party should exercise “billing judgment” to “exclude from a fee request hours that are excessive, redundant, or otherwise unnecessary,” as a lawyer in 5 private practice would do. Hensley, 461 U.S. at 434; see also Moreno v. City of Sacramento, 534 6 F.3d 1106, 1111 (9th Cir. 2008) (“The number of hours to be compensated is calculated by 7 considering whether, in light of the circumstances, the time could reasonably have been billed to a 8 private client.”). 9 The Court must “provide a concise and clear explanation of the reasons” for its attorney 10 award calculation. Hensley, 461 U.S. at 433; Sorenson, 239 F.3d at 1145. A court has wide 11 latitude in determining the number of hours reasonably expended and may reduce the hours if the 12 time claimed is excessive, redundant, or otherwise unnecessary. Cunningham v. County of Los 13 Angeles, 879 F.2d 481, 484 (9th Cir. 1988); see also Comm’r, I.N.S., 496 U.S. at 163 (“[A] 14 district court will always retain substantial discretion in fixing the amount of an AJA award.”). 15 “Hours that are not properly billed to one's client are not properly billed to one's adversary 16 pursuant to statutory authority.” Hensley, 461 U.S. at 434. The applicant bears the burden of 17 demonstrating the reasonableness of the fee request. Blum v. Stenson, 465 U.S. 886, 897 (1984). 18 Here, Plaintiff requests an hourly rate of $231.49, which is within the maximum statutory 19 rates of $234.95 for work performed in 2022. (ECF No. 24, p. 4). Plaintiff requests compensation 20 for a total of 31.4 hours of work performed (2.75 hours of work in 2020 and 37.3 hours of work in 21 2022). (See ECF No. 22-1, p. 1). Multiplying the applicable hourly rate by the hours worked 22 yields a total of $7,268.78. The Commissioner does not contest the hourly rate, and the Court 23 finds it to be reasonable in light of the quality of counsel's work and results obtained for Plaintiff. See Guzman v. Comm'r of Soc. Sec., No. 20- CV-0468-KJN, 2021 WL 2534462, at *4 (E.D. Cal. 24 June 21, 2021) (finding a total of 38 hours for counsel spent prosecuting the Social Security 25 appeal to be reasonable in a case where, as here, the parties agreed to a sentence-four remand); 26 Costa v. Comm'r of Soc. Sec. Admin., 690 F.3d 1132, 1136 (9th Cir. 2012) (noting that “[m]any 27 district courts have noted that twenty to forty hours is the range most often requested and granted 28 1 | imsocial security cases”). 2} I. CONCLUSION AND ORDER 3 Based on the foregoing, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that: 4 1. Plaintiff's motion for attorney’s fees (ECF No. 22) is GRANTED; 5 2. Attorney fees and expenses in the amount of $7,268.78 pursuant to the Equal 6 Access to Justice Act, 28 U.S.C. § 2412(d) are awarded to Plaintiff. 4 3. Ifthe U.S. Department of the Treasury determines that Plaintiffs EAJA fees, 8 expenses, and costs are not subject to offset allowed under the Department of the 9 Treasury’s Offset Program (TOPS), then the check for EAJA fees, expenses, and
10 costs shall be made payable to Plaintiff's counsel’s firm, Pefia & Bromberg, PLC
2440 Tulare St., Suite 320 Fresno, CA 93721.
12 | IT IS SO ORDERED. 13 . | Dated: _March 1, 2023 hey — UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28