Sparkes v. Wright

547 A.2d 415, 377 Pa. Super. 374, 1988 Pa. Super. LEXIS 2492
CourtSuperior Court of Pennsylvania
DecidedSeptember 9, 1988
DocketNo. 206
StatusPublished
Cited by5 cases

This text of 547 A.2d 415 (Sparkes v. Wright) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Superior Court of Pennsylvania primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Sparkes v. Wright, 547 A.2d 415, 377 Pa. Super. 374, 1988 Pa. Super. LEXIS 2492 (Pa. Ct. App. 1988).

Opinion

CERCONE, Judge:

This appeal is from an order of the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County, granting appellees a permanent injunction. Appellants are the incumbent management [376]*376of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (the Society), a Pennsylvania nonprofit corporation. Appellees are part of a dissident faction of Society members.

This action commenced when appellees filed a complaint in equity and motion seeking to enjoin the holding of a special meeting of the Society. The meeting, which was to be held on December 4, 1987, had been called by the Board of the Society for the purpose of amending the Society’s bylaws to permit voting by proxy. Notice of the special meeting was sent by mail to the members. A letter from the Society’s president accompanied eighty percent (80%) of the notices, and urged the members to attend the special meeting or, if they could not attend, to sign and return an enclosed ballot as a vote in favor of the proposed bylaw amendment. Seven hundred forty-one (741) ballots were signed and returned, of which seven hundred twenty-seven (727) were in favor of the amendment.

A hearing on appellees’ motion for injunction was held on December 4, 1987, four hours before the scheduled special meeting. Judge Diaz of the Philadelphia Court of Common Pleas ordered that the voting by ballot be stayed pending a hearing on the preliminary injunction.

The special meeting was then held on December 4, 1987 as scheduled. A quorum was present and the members present voted by division on the proposed amendment to the bylaws; in accordance with Judge Diaz’ order, no ballots were counted. The results of the vote were thirty-four (34) members in favor of the proposed amendment, and eighteen (18) opposed.

Subsequent to the holding of the special meeting, on December 9 and 10, 1987, Judge DiBona of the Philadelphia common pleas court held a hearing on the appellees’ motion for injunction. Appellees claimed that the ballots which were mailed to the Society members were in fact “proxies” and could not be counted. Also before Judge DiBona at this hearing was appellees’ motion to hold the Society’s officers in contempt of Judge Diaz’ order of December 4, [377]*3771987, on the basis that his order had enjoined the special meeting from taking place.

On the latter motion, Judge DiBona informed the parties that Judge Diaz had not intended to preclude the holding of the special meeting, but only to stay the counting of the ballots submitted by mail. Appellees then filed a motion for clarification of Judge Diaz’ order. On January 14,1988, Judge Diaz denied appellees’ order for clarification, and stated that the December 4, 1987 order clearly enjoined voting by ballot only and no other activity.

On December 30, 1987, Judge DiBona permanently enjoined appellants from counting or otherwise considering the ballots mailed in conjunction with the December 4, 1987 meeting, declared a nullity the outcome of the vote on the proposed by-laws amendment, and declared that any further actions taken by the Board of Directors of the Society regarding the amendment of the by-laws should be in accordance with the requirements of the Pennsylvania Corporation Not-for-Profit Code. 15 Pa.C.S.A. § 7101 et seq. Judge DiBona cited section 7759(a)1 of the Code in support of his decision, holding that this statutory provision required that voting be in person. He concluded that appellants could amend the by-laws of the Society to permit proxy voting only by a properly noticed and convened special meeting of the members, and by obtaining a majority of the votes of the members present. Appellants filed a timely appeal of the December 30, 1987 order of Judge DiBona.

On appeal from an order granting permanent injunctive relief, the standard of review is whether the trial court, [378]*378in entering the final decree, abused its discretion or committed an error of law. Neshaminy Constructors v. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Bldg, and Construction Trades Council, 303 Pa.Super. 420, 449 A.2d 1389 (1982). The test is not whether there are any reasonable grounds for the action of the court below, as is the case in the review of preliminary injunctive relief, but is rather an abuse of discretion standard. Id., 303 Pa.Superior Ct. at 423, 449 A.2d at 1390.

We find no abuse of discretion or error of law in the trial court’s disposition of this case. We therefore affirm the lower court’s order.

Appellants have contended on appeal that mail balloting of the type utilized in connection with the special corporate meeting of December 4, 1987, is expressly permitted under the provisions of 15 Pa.C.S.A. § 7758(b).2 We do not agree that section 7758(b) is the dispositive statutory provision. At issue in this case is whether the members of a not-for-profit corporation may cast their votes by mail ballot for or against a proposed amendment to the corporate bylaws to permit proxy voting. Thus stated, the issue is governed squarely by the provisions of section 7504 of the Corporation Not-for-Profit Code, 15 Pa.C.S.A. § 7504. That statute provides in relevant part:

§ 7504. Adoption and contents of bylaws

(a) General rule. — The members shall have the power to adopt, amend and repeal the bylaws of a nonprofit corporation, but except as provided in subsection (b) of this section the authority to adopt, amend and repeal bylaws [379]*379may be expressly vested by the bylaws in the board of directors or other body, subject to the power of the members to change such action. Unless the bylaws otherwise provide, the powers hereby conferred shall be exercised by a majority vote of the members in office of the board of directors or other body, or by the vote of members entitled to cast at least a majority of the votes which all members present are entitled to cast thereon, as the case may be, at any regular or special meeting duly convened after notice to the members, directors or members of such other body of that purpose.
(b) Exception. — Except as provided in section 7320(a) of this title (relating to organization meeting), the board of directors or other body shall not have the authority to adopt a bylaw on any subject which is committed exclusively to the members by any of the following provisions of this article:
(13) Section 7759(a) (relating to voting and other action by proxy).

15 Pa.C.S.A. § 7504 (emphasis added).

As the express words of the statute make clear, section 7504 unequivocally provides that the adoption or amendment of a bylaw on the subject of proxy voting must be accomplished by a vote of members entitled to cast at least a majority of the votes which all members present at a duly noticed regular or special meeting are entitled to cast. Thus, there appears to be a clear legislative intent to require in person voting on any issue relating to bylaws amendment.

Appellants assert that section 7709 of the Corporation Not-for-Profit Code, 15 Pa.C.S.A. § 7709 indicates a legislative intent to provide a similar equivalent presence by mail balloting. However, we note no provision in that statute for presence in person at a corporate meeting to be [380]

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Bluebook (online)
547 A.2d 415, 377 Pa. Super. 374, 1988 Pa. Super. LEXIS 2492, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/sparkes-v-wright-pasuperct-1988.