South Cent. Bell Tel. v. Miss. Employment SEC. Comm.

357 So. 2d 312
CourtMississippi Supreme Court
DecidedApril 5, 1978
Docket50145
StatusPublished
Cited by4 cases

This text of 357 So. 2d 312 (South Cent. Bell Tel. v. Miss. Employment SEC. Comm.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Mississippi Supreme Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
South Cent. Bell Tel. v. Miss. Employment SEC. Comm., 357 So. 2d 312 (Mich. 1978).

Opinion

357 So.2d 312 (1978)

SOUTH CENTRAL BELL TELEPHONE COMPANY
v.
MISSISSIPPI EMPLOYMENT SECURITY COMMISSION et al.

No. 50145.

Supreme Court of Mississippi.

April 5, 1978.

*313 Butler, Snow, O'Mara, Stevens & Cannada, George H. Butler, Stephen W. Rosenblatt, Roger M. Flynt, Jr., Jackson, for appellant.

Fred J. Lotterhos, Jackson, for appellees.

Before SMITH, P.J., and ROBERTSON and LEE, JJ.

SMITH, Presiding Justice, for the Court:

This is an appeal by South Central Bell Telephone Company from a judgment of *314 the Circuit Court of the First Judicial District of Hinds County, Mississippi affirming an order of the Mississippi Employment Security Commission Board of Review granting unemployment compensation benefits to ten persons employed by Bell, appellees here, and charging these benefits to Bell's experience rating.

In the Fall of 1973, South Central Bell notified its long-distance telephone operators in its Cleveland office that their positions would be phased out in approximately eighteen months. On April 19, 1975, South Central Bell closed its offices in Cleveland, Mississippi and, pursuant to its collective bargaining contract with Communication Workers of America, South Central Bell provided these operators with three alternatives. First, they might transfer to another office; second, they might terminate their employment and collect severance pay; and third, they might go on leave of absence for as much as one year.

There were approximately twenty-six operators who were affected by the closing of the Cleveland office. Of these twenty-six, sixteen elected to transfer to the Greenville, Greenwood or Clarksdale offices. The remaining ten declined to transfer, assigning as their reason the distance they would have to commute to and from work and the alleged uncertainty of their working hours if they did transfer and commute. Five of these ten operators who decided not to transfer chose to terminate their employment and accept severance pay. The other five elected to take a leave of absence.

Shortly after the Cleveland office closed, each of the ten former operators filed a claim with the Mississippi Employment Security Commission for unemployment compensation. After due investigation, the Claims Examiner found that each claimant was disqualified from receiving benefits because of their failure to accept an offer of suitable work. Each of the claimants appealed from that ruling to the Appeals Referee of the Employment Security Commission. The Appeals Referee reversed the decision of the Claims Examiner and held that each of the ten operators was entitled to benefits because the offer to transfer them to other towns did not constitute an offer of suitable work because of the distance each would have to travel.

South Central Bell appealed the Referee's decision to the Board of Review of the Employment Security Commission. The decision of the Referee was affirmed by the Board of Review following a hearing on the matter. From this decision, South Central Bell filed a Petition for Review in the Circuit Court of the First Judicial District of Hinds County, Mississippi. Mississippi Code Annotated section 71-5-531 (1972). On January 10, 1977, an order was entered in that court affirming the decision of the Board of Review.

Numerous grounds for reversal are assigned, but, since both appellant and appellees have organized their arguments on the propositions into three categories, they will be considered in the same manner.

1. Were the appellees disqualified from receiving benefits under Mississippi Code Annotated section 71-5-513(A)(4)(a) (1972) for failing to accept available, suitable work offered to them?

Mississippi Code Annotated, section 71-5-513(A)(4)(a) (1972), provides:

(4) If the commission finds that he has failed, without good cause, either to apply for available suitable work when so directed by the employment office or the commission, to accept suitable work when offered him, or to return to his customary self-employment (if any) when so directed by the commission, such disqualification shall continue for the week in which such failure occurred and for not more than the twelve (12) weeks which immediately follow such week, as determined by the commission according to the circumstances in each case.
(a) In determining whether or not any work is suitable for an individual, the commission shall consider among other factors the degree of risk involved to his health, safety, and morals, his physical fitness and prior training, his experience and prior earnings, his length of unemployment and prospects for securing local *315 work in his customary occupation, and the distance of the available work from his residence.

It is unquestioned, in the case sub judice, that appellees were offered the same type of employment in which they had been engaged, in other Bell offices, i.e., Clarksdale, Greenwood and Greenville. The Board of Review stated in its opinion that these offers were, in fact, made. The issue is whether the work offered constituted "suitable" work. The Board of Review found that the work offered was not suitable because of the distance each appellee would be required to travel. Evidence showed that from Cleveland to Clarksdale was forty-three miles; to Greenwood thirty-eight miles and to Greenville thirty-five miles.

The test used to determine whether the distance to be travelled rendered the available work "unsuitable" is whether it is unusual or uncommon for employees in the claimant's occupation or in the area in which claimant resides to drive that distance to work. See Graham v. Mississippi Employment Security Commission Decision No. 244-R-61 (1962). Consistent with the Graham decision is In re Foshe, 46 BR-75 (1975), which presented an almost identical fact pattern as the case now under consideration. In Foshe the claimant's job in New Albany, Mississippi was phased out and she was offered a transfer to the same job in Tupelo, Mississippi. This was a distance of approximately thirty-six miles, one way. The Board held that this was an offer of suitable work and as a result of claimant's refusing it, she was disqualified from receiving unemployment compensation benefits. See also In re Bolton, 60-63-BR-75 (1975).

Bell contends that the Board of Review used the wrong test in deciding whether the distance was so great as to render the work unsuitable. The Board decided that since most of the employees of appellant did not commute, then the work offered was unsuitable. Appellant contends that the proper rule is whether it is unusual or uncommon for a worker in that area to commute thirty or thirty-five miles to work. Evidence showed that twenty-six of the one hundred twenty employees at the Greenwood office commute daily from distances ranging from eight to forty-two miles one way; fourteen of the one hundred eighteen employees at the Greenville office commute a distance ranging from fifteen to fifty miles one way; and eleven of fifty-five employees at the Clarksdale office commute daily from a distance ranging from eight to thirty-seven miles one way.

Testimony further showed that ten of the operators who were employed at the Cleveland office transferred and now commute from Cleveland daily. (Eight go to Greenville and two go to Clarksdale). Although none of the cases cited in the argument relate a specific test to be applied, it seems that the "unusual or uncommon" rule is preferable over a mere "head count" rule where the majority wins.

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Bluebook (online)
357 So. 2d 312, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/south-cent-bell-tel-v-miss-employment-sec-comm-miss-1978.