Sorrentino v. Muse

14 Mass. L. Rptr. 77
CourtMassachusetts Superior Court
DecidedNovember 26, 2001
DocketNo. 014621B
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 14 Mass. L. Rptr. 77 (Sorrentino v. Muse) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Massachusetts Superior Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Sorrentino v. Muse, 14 Mass. L. Rptr. 77 (Mass. Ct. App. 2001).

Opinion

Gants, J.

The defendants, Patricia Muse and Leonard Caruso (“Muse and Caruso”), reside with their four young children at 290 North Street in the North End of Boston. In May 2001, they began construction on a four-story addition to their single-story home. The plaintiff, Albert Sorrentino (“Sorrentino”), owns a four-story building next door at 282 North Street. On December 29, 1999, when Muse and Caruso were seeking a zoning variance for their addition, Sorrentino signed a letter declaring that he did not object to their addition. He did not, however, ever grant permission to Muse or Caruso to use his roof as a staging area for the construction of their addition. Muse and Caruso nonetheless allowed their contractor to work off Sorrentino’s roof, who did so openly. On September 14, 2001 and again on September 19, 2001, Sorrentino, through counsel, wrote Muse and Caruso demanding that they cease their trespass upon his roof. The parties and their attorneys met to discuss the matter but, sadly, could not resolve it as neighbors. On October 10, 2001, Sorrentino commenced this action, seeking injunctive relief to bar Muse and Caruso and their contractors from continuing to trespass on his roof. ■

By the time the complaint was filed, Muse and Caruso needed to continue to encroach upon the roof of Sorrentino's building for only two reasons: (1) lead flashing and a rubber membrane needed to be placed between the two properties (and over two to five inches of the northern perimeter of Sorrentino’s roof) in order to prevent water and snow from seeping between the two buildings, and leaking into the Muse and Caruso home; and (2) the Muse and Caruso siding subcontractor needed to use the Sorrentino roof as a staging area for between five and ten business days (weather permitting) to install siding on the new fifth floor of the Muse and Caruso home.

After a hearing held on October 19,2001, this Court granted plaintiff s motion for a preliminary injunction and ordered the defendants, until further order of this Court, to refrain from trespassing on the plaintiffs property. This Court, however, specifically invited the defendants to move for reconsideration once they addressed the following issues:

1. The defendants have a legitimate need to use the plaintiffs roof for two purposes: (1) to seal the gap between the buildings to prevent water damage to the plaintiffs’ property after thunderstorms; and (2) to place vinyl siding on one outside wall of their newly constructed [fifth floor]. To accomplish the first goal, the defendants wish to place flashing that will touch the plaintiffs building and seal water out, but the defendants have failed to provide any expert affidavits establishing either where the water will go that previously fell between the buildings and what the extent of the intrusion of the flashing will be on the plaintiffs property. In short, the defendants have failed to establish that the flashing (and its diversion of rain water) will do no harm to the plaintiffs property and that the touching of the plaintiffs property will pose a minimal, inconsequential intrusion. To accomplish the second goal, the defendants plan to have its workmen stand on scaffolding that will sit on the plaintiffs roof, but the defendants have failed to provide any expert affidavits establishing that this scaffolding (bearing the weight of two men) risks no harm to the plaintiffs roof with the precautions planned. In short, the defendants have failed to identify what steps they will take to minimize the risk of damage to the plaintiffs roof, and what magnitude of risk inevitably remains.
2. Assuming that the defendants can establish that the risks to the plaintiff s property are minimal, the defendants still need to address who will bear the residual risk. The plaintiff should be insured and/or indemnified against any residual risk; the defendants should bear that risk if they are to use the plaintiffs roof for their own benefit.

Preliminary Injunction, October 22, 2001.

The defendants have now moved for reconsideration, filing additional affidavits that they contend have adequately addressed the issues raised by the Court. After hearing, this Court allows the motion for reconsideration and substantially modifies the preliminary injunction.

DISCUSSION

In Massachusetts, the general rule regarding encroachments is that “a landowner is ordinarily entitled to mandatory equitable relief to compel removal of a structure significantly encroaching on his land, even though the encroachment was unintentional or negligent and the cost of removal is substantial in comparison to any injury suffered by the owner of the lot upon which the encroachment has taken place.” Peters v. Archambault, 361 Mass. 91, 92 (1972). However, the Supreme Judicial Court has recognized that in “exceptional” cases, a court, exercising its equitable authority, may decline to grant an injunction and leave the plaintiff to pursue a remedy in damages. Goulding v. Cook, 422 Mass. 276, 277 & n. 3 (1996); Peters, 361 Mass. at 93. “What is just and equitable in cases of this sort depends very much upon the particular facts [79]*79and circumstances disclosed.” Goulding, 422 Mass. at 277 n. 3, quoting Peters, 361 Mass. at 93.

The Supreme Judicial Court has defined three categories of trespass that may be deemed so “exceptional” that an injunction barring the trespass may not be warranted:

1. “where the unlawful encroachment has been made innocently, and the cost of removal by the defendant would be greatly disproportionate to the injury to the plaintiff from its continuation,”
2. “where the substantial rights of the owner may be protected without recourse to an injunction,” or
3. “where an injunction would be oppressive and inequitable.”

Goulding, 422 Mass. at 277 n. 3, quoting Peters, 361 Mass. at 93. It is plain that the instant case does not present the first category of trespass, since the trespass at issue here is prospective and there cannot be any cost to removing a trespass that has yet to occur. Nor does this case fall into the second category, since Sorrentino’s property rights regarding his roof cannot be entirely protected without an injunction. The issue, then, is whether an injunction would be “oppressive and inequitable” if it barred either {1) the permanent trespass on two to five inches of the northern perimeter of Sorrentino’s roof from the placement of the lead flashing and rubber membrane needed to prevent water leaks, or (2) the temporary trespass on the roof needed to use the roof as a staging area for the placement of siding on the fifth floor of the Muse and Caruso building.

The Supreme Judicial Court has made it clear that trial courts, in determining whether an injunction would be “oppressive and inequitable,” cannot simply balance the hardship that an injunction would cause to the defendants against the hardship that its denial would cause to the plaintiff. Goulding, 422 Mass. at 279-80. Where the intrusion is permanent and significant, a court may not exercise “a general power of equitable adjustment and enforced good neighborliness.” Id. However, the Supreme Judicial Court has also made it clear that trial courts equitably need not “enjoin truly minimal encroachments, especially when the burden on a defendant would be very great.” Id. at 279. See also Peters, 361 Mass. at 93 (injunctions may be denied based “on the trivial nature of the encroachment or injury”).

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Bluebook (online)
14 Mass. L. Rptr. 77, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/sorrentino-v-muse-masssuperct-2001.