Soldwisch v. Berryhill

Opinion

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 9 SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 10 11 STEPHANIE T. SOLDWISCH, Case No.: 19cv1127 JM (BLM)

12 Plaintiff,

13 v. ORDER ON PLAINTIFF’S MOTION FOR ATTORNEY FEES, COSTS 14 ANDREW SAUL, Commissioner of AND EXPENSES Social Security, 15 Defendant. 16

17 Plaintiff Stephanie T. Soldwisch moves the court to award attorney fees, costs, and 18 expenses pursuant to the Equal Access to Justice Act (EAJA), 28 U.S.C. § 2412(d). (Doc. 19 No. 21.) The motion has been fully briefed and the court finds it suitable for submission 20 without oral argument in accordance with Civil Local Rule 7.1(d)(1). For the below 21 reasons, the motion is GRANTED. 22 I. BACKGROUND 23 Plaintiff requests attorney fees, costs, and expenses related to her appeal of the denial 24 of her application for disability benefits by the Social Security Administration (SSA). On 25 February 5, 2020, the Magistrate Judge recommended that the case be remanded to the 26 SSA for additional administrative proceedings. (Doc. No. 17.) The Magistrate Judge 27 issued a Report and Recommendation (“R&R”) finding that the case should be remanded 28 because 1.) the SSA found Plaintiff disabled on a subsequent application for benefits 1 apparently based on the same evidence that the SSA considered in conjunction with the 2 application at issue, and 2.) the SSA failed to provide the court with a complete 3 administrative record upon which to review the SSA’s final decision. (Id.) The SSA did 4 not object to the R&R. On March 20, 2020, the court fully adopted the R&R. (Doc. No. 5 18.) Plaintiff timely filed the instant motion on June 19, 2020. (Doc. No. 21.) The SSA 6 filed an opposition on July 6, 2020, (Doc. No. 22), to which Plaintiff replied on July 11, 7 2020, (Doc. No. 23). 8 II. LEGAL STANDARDS 9 “Under EAJA, a litigant is entitled to attorney’s fees and costs if: (1) [s]he is the 10 prevailing party; (2) the government fails to show that its position was substantially 11 justified or that special circumstances make an award unjust; and (3) the requested fees and 12 costs are reasonable.” Carbonell v. I.N.S., 429 F.3d 894, 898 (9th Cir. 2005); 28 U.S.C. 13 §2412(d)(1)(A). An applicant for disability benefits becomes a prevailing party for the 14 purposes of the EAJA if the denial of her benefits is reversed and remanded regardless of 15 whether disability benefits ultimately are awarded.” Gutierrez v. Barnhart, 274 F.3d 1255, 16 1257 (9th Cir. 2001) (citation omitted). 17 “[T]he fee applicant bears the burden of establishing entitlement to an award and 18 documenting the appropriate hours expended.” Hensley v. Eckerhart, 461 U.S. 424, 437 19 (1983). “[T]he most useful starting point for determining the amount of a reasonable fee 20 is the number of hours reasonably expended on the litigation multiplied by a reasonable 21 hourly rate.” Id. at 433. Hours that are excessive, redundant, or otherwise unnecessary 22 should be excluded from an award of fees. Id. at 434. “There is a strong presumption that 23 the ‘lodestar figure’ represents a reasonable fee,” and it should be reduced only in “rare 24 instances.” Morales v. City of San Rafael, 96 F.3d 359, 364 n.8 (9th Cir. 1996); see also 25 Doan v. Berryhill, Case No. 16-cv-00841-BAS-AGS, 2018 WL 2761733, at *3 (S.D. Cal. 26 June 7, 2018) (“Generally, the court should defer to the winning lawyer’s professional 27 judgment as to how much time was required for the case.”). If the government disputes 28 the reasonableness of the fee, then it “has a burden of rebuttal that requires submission of 1 evidence to the district court challenging the accuracy and reasonableness of the hours 2 charged or the facts asserted by the prevailing party in its submitted affidavits.” Gates v. 3 Deukmejian, 987 F.2d 1392, 1397-98 (9th Cir. 1992). 4 III. DISCUSSION 5 Plaintiff requests a total of $12,397.10 in attorney fees for 60.4 hours of work at a 6 rate of $205.25 per hour. She also requests $540.35 in costs and expenses. In support of 7 her request, Plaintiff attached itemized records of the time her counsel spent on each task 8 for which she billed. (See Doc. No. 21-2.) She also attached a declaration from her counsel 9 citing eight EAJA cases outside of this district in which she was awarded more than the 10 amount sought here. (See Doc. No. 21-2 at 2-3.) 11 The SSA does not dispute, and the court agrees, that Plaintiff is the prevailing party, 12 that the SSA’s position was not substantially justified, and that no special circumstances 13 make the award unjust. The SSA also does not dispute, and the court agrees, that Plaintiff’s 14 counsel’s $205.25 hourly rate is reasonable and consistent with the EAJA. See Beatriz B. 15 v. Saul, Case No.: 3:19-cv-785-AHG, 2020 WL 5203371, at *2 (S.D. Cal. Sept. 1, 2020) 16 (“The Ninth Circuit’s hourly EAJA rate for attorney work performed in 2019, factoring in 17 an increase in the cost of living, was $205.25.”). 18 From an overall perspective, similar cases in this district involving similarly 19 experienced attorneys support the reasonableness of the total hours worked and amount 20 requested here. See Truong v. Berryhill, Case No.: 3:17-cv-02179-BEN-RNB, 2019 WL 21 1863655, at *5 (S.D. Cal. Apr. 24, 2019) (77.75 hours and $19,476.52); Minh Doan v. 22 Berryhill, Case No.: 3:17-cv-02179-BEN-RNB (S.D. Cal. 2018) (97.5 hours and 23 $ 23,642.76); Alzayadie v. Astrue, No. 09-CV-1886 JLS (JMA), 2011 WL 940766, at *1 24 (S.D. Cal. Mar. 14, 2011) (noting that courts have found it reasonable to spend 60, 69, 72, 25 and 73 hours litigating social security cases). The SSA nonetheless takes issue with several 26 specific aspects of Plaintiff’s motion. 27 28 1 A. Clerical Tasks 2 The SSA argues that Plaintiff’s counsel unreasonably billed for 5.2 hours, or 3 $1,067.30, performing clerical tasks. (Doc. No. 22 at 3-4.) In motions for attorney fees in 4 social security cases, district courts have found a variety of tasks to be unreasonably 5 clerical, two of which are included in Plaintiff’s counsel’s bill. See Keovongsa v. Colvin, 6 Case No.: 3:16-CV-00842-BTM-NLS, 2019 WL 354621, at *3 (S.D. Cal. Jan. 28, 2019) 7 (preparing summonses and cover sheets); Kirk v. Berryhill, 244 F. Supp. 3d 1077, 1084 8 (E.D. Cal. 2017) (preparing service of process and consent forms). Here, however, the 9 bulk of the disputed entries, i.e. eight of the 23 disputed entries, or 2.1 hours’ worth of 10 work, involve communications with Plaintiff via letter, phone, and e-mail. Although 11 Plaintiff’s counsel does not state the reason for each communication with her client, 12 communicating with her client is part of her professional responsibilities and is not, as the 13 SSA suggests, per se clerical. The SSA does not explain why any of these communications 14 were clerical or otherwise undeserving of compensation. Additionally, the amount of time 15 Plaintiff’s counsel billed for communicating with her client is within the reasonable range. 16 See Yesipovich v. Colvin, 166 F. Supp. 3d 1000, 1008 (N.D. Cal. 2015) (finding it 17 reasonable for Plaintiff’s counsel to have spent 2.3 hours communicating with her client 18 via letter, phone, and e-mail). 19 Additionally, the remaining entries challenged by the SSA, though perhaps routine, 20 involve tasks that are just as much legal as they are clerical, if not more so. These include 21 communicating with referring counsel, drafting the complaint, preparing documents for 22 service, drafting a certificate of service, preparing a declination of assignment to a 23 magistrate judge, communicating with opposing counsel, reviewing an ex parte motion, 24 and attempting to settle the instant dispute. To the extent these tasks did not necessarily 25 require the work of an attorney, the amount of time billed by Plaintiff’s counsel is within 26 the reasonable range. See Nelson v. Berryhill, Case No.: 17-cv-00614-AJB-KSC, 2019 27 WL 2232954, at *1 (S.D. Cal. May 23, 2019) (“[M]inimal time spent on litigation-related 28 tasks may be reasonable in some circumstances.”). For example, Plaintiff’s counsel billed 1 a total of 2.3 hours for preparing an engagement letter and drafting a letter to the client 2 (1 hour), drafting the complaint and civil cover sheet (24 minutes), drafting a letter to the 3 client and SSA (30 min), preparing documents for service on the SSA (12 minutes), 4 drafting a certificate of service (6 minutes), and preparing a declination of assignment to a 5 magistrate judge (6 minutes). (See Doc. No. 21-2 at 8.) Accordingly, based on the 6 documentation provided by Plaintiff’s counsel, and the minimal argument put forth by the 7 SSA, the court declines to find that any of Plaintiff’s counsel’s billing entries were 8 unreasonably clerical. 9 B. Duplicative Billing 10 The SSA argues that six minutes of Plaintiff’s counsel’s bill, or $20.53 worth of 11 work, were unreasonably duplicative. The SSA complains that Plaintiff’s counsel billed 12 12 minutes of work for drafting a declaration, and four days later, billed for six minutes of 13 work “redrafting” the declaration. (Doc. No. 22 at 4.) Plaintiff’s counsel states she 14 redrafted the declaration after reviewing an e-mail from the referring attorney. (Doc. No. 15 23 at 4.) Although this does not explain why the declaration needed to be “redrafted,” 16 spending a total of 18 minutes on a declaration is reasonable. 17 C. Drafting the Instant Motion 18 Plaintiff’s counsel billed a total of 7.5 hours, or $1,539.38, for researching and 19 drafting the instant motion. (Doc. No. 21-2 at 8, 12.) Plaintiff also requests an additional 20 4.5 hours, or $923.63, for drafting her reply to the SSA’s opposition, for a total of 12 hours, 21 or $2,463.01, related to litigating the instant motion. (Doc. No. 23 at 7.) The SSA argues 22 that, based on Plaintiff’s counsel’s extensive experience, she should only be awarded two 23 hours, or $410.50, for researching and drafting the instant motion. (Doc. No. 22 at 4-5.) 24 Certainly, some courts have reduced the amount of time experienced social security 25 attorneys can bill for preparing motions for attorney fees. See Anh Tuyet Thai v. Saul, Case 26 No.: 18cv2647-JAH-RBM, 2020 WL 4697971, at *3 (S.D. Cal. Aug. 13, 2020) (reducing 27 9.5 hours spent preparing motion to 2 hours); see also Adams v. Saul, No. 19CV335-BLM, 28 2020 WL 1332473, at *5 (S.D. Cal. Mar. 20, 2020) (approving 4.5 hours for filing a motion, 1 not including the reply). Here, however, Plaintiff’s counsel submits declarations attesting, 2 under the penalty of perjury, that she spent 12 hours litigating the instant motion. (Doc. 3 Nos. 21-2, 23-1.) Nothing in the record suggests she did not reasonably do so. See Guzman 4 v. Berryhill, Case No.: 17cv2593-CAB-AGS, 2019 WL 1923932, at *2 (S.D. Cal. Apr. 29, 5 2019) (“[T]he Court sees no reason to dispute Plaintiff’s counsel’s representation that all 6 hours were reasonably expended”). Although Plaintiff’s counsel is undoubtably 7 experienced and has previously filed similar motions that may have been used as templates, 8 she still had to gather the supporting documents, fill-in the relevant party and factual 9 information, address particularized legal issues, edit supporting declarations, update case 10 citations, proof-read, file the motion, etc. This could reasonably occupy 7.5 hours. 11 Additionally, replying to the SSA’s opposition could reasonably occupy 4.5 hours given 12 that replies depend on the arguments raised in the opposition, which in this case appear to 13 be at least somewhat particularized. The SSA also provides no specific reason to impose 14 a two-hour cap on preparing the instant motion. See Costa v. Comm. of SSA, 690 F.3d 15 1132, 1134 (9th Cir. 2012) (“[I]t is improper for district courts to apply a de facto cap on 16 the number of hours for which attorneys may be compensated under the EAJA in a ‘routine’ 17 case challenging the denial of social security benefits.”); see also Gates, 987 F.2d at 1397- 18 98 (if challenging the reasonableness of fees supported by affidavit, the SSA has the burden 19 of submitting evidence). Accordingly, the requested fees related to drafting the instant 20 motion appear reasonable. 21 D. Costs 22 Under 28 U.S.C. § 1920(a), “[a] judge . . . . may tax as costs . . . . [f]ees of the 23 clerk[.]” The SSA argues that the $400 filing fee for which Plaintiff seeks reimbursement 24 is a cost pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1920, not an expense under the EAJA. (Doc. No. 22 at 25 5.) The SSA does not dispute, however, that Plaintiff is entitled to a total of $540.35, in 26 costs and/or expenses, which includes the $400 filing fee. In her reply, Plaintiff does not 27 address whether the $400 filing fee is an expense under the EAJA or a cost under 28 U.S.C. 28 § 1920. Based on the documentation provided by Plaintiff in support of her request for 1 costs, and because the SSA does not dispute that Plaintiff is entitled to $504.35 in costs 2 and/or expenses, the court finds this amount is reasonable without deciding which authority 3 is more applicable. See Thorne v. Saul, Case No.: 18cv1874-MMA (LL), 2019 WL 4 3974088, at *2 (S.D. Cal. Aug. 22, 2019) (doing the same). 5 E. Payment 6 Finally, Plaintiff’s counsel requests that payment be made directly to her, rather than 7 to Plaintiff. (Doc. No. 21 at 14.) The SSA argues that under the EAJA, fees are payable 8 only to the “prevailing party.” (Doc. No. 22 at 5 (citing 28 U.S.C. § 2412(d)(1)(A)).) The 9 SSA explains: 10 To comply with the Treasury Offset Program, when a court issues an order for EAJA fees (ordered payable to the plaintiff, not counsel), the government 11 considers any assignment of EAJA fees to determine whether they are subject 12 to any offset. If the plaintiff does not owe a government debt that qualifies for offset, then payment may be made in counsel’s name based on the 13 government’s discretionary waiver of the requirements of the Anti- 14 Assignment Act, 31 U.S.C. § 3727.

15 (Id. at 5-6.) Plaintiff responds by arguing that “[t]his Court and others have issued orders 16 for EAJA fees, costs, and expenses to be paid directly to a Plaintiff’s counsel, subject to 17 administrative offset due to the Plaintiff’s government debt, if any exists, in accordance 18 with the Supreme Court’s decision in Astrue v. Ratliff, 130 S. Ct. 2521 (2010).” (Doc. No. 19 23 at 8 (listing cases).) 20 District courts have repeatedly addressed this specific issue by ordering that payment 21 be made directly to plaintiff’s counsel after it is determined that the plaintiff owes no debt 22 subject to offset. See Beatriz B., 2020 WL 5203371, at *4 (“[S]hould Plaintiff not have a 23 debt that is subject to offset, the award of fees may be paid directly to counsel.”); Toni 24 Lynn B. v. Saul, Case No.: 3:19-cv-925-AHG, 2020 WL 4001981, at *4 (S.D. Cal. July 15, 25 2020) (“[S]hould Plaintiff not have a debt that is subject to offset, the award of fees may 26 be paid directly to counsel.”); Truong, 2019 WL 1863655, at *6 (S.D. Cal. Apr. 24, 2019) 27 (“This award shall be payable directly to the Plaintiff and is subject to offset to satisfy any 28 preexisting debt that Plaintiff owes the United States pursuant to Astrue[.]”); Guzman, 2019 1 || WL 1923932, at *2 (“Pursuant to Astrue, if the government determines Plaintiff does not 2 a federal debt, then the government shall cause the payment of the award to be made 3 || directly to Plaintiff’s attorney.”). Accordingly, as ordered below, payment will be directed 4 a similar manner. 5 IV. CONCLUSION 6 Plaintiff is entitled to attorney fees, expenses, and costs because she is the prevailing 7 ||party and the SSA’s position was not substantially justified. See 28 U.S.C. 8 2412(d)(2)(H). Plaintiff’s counsel’s fees, costs, and expenses are reasonable in light of 9 tasks performed and results achieved. Accordingly, Plaintiff’s Motion for Attorney 10 || Fees, Costs, and Expenses (Doc. No. 21) is GRANTED. Plaintiff is awarded $12,397.10 11 |/in attorney fees and $540.35 in costs and/or expenses. Payment shall be made payable to 12 || Plaintiff and delivered to Plaintiff’s counsel, unless Plaintiff does not owe a federal debt. 13 ||If the United States Department of the Treasury determines that Plaintiff does not owe a 14 || federal debt, the government shall accept Plaintiff’s assignment of EAJA fees and pay fees 15 || directly to Plaintiff’s counsel. See Beatriz B., 2020 WL 5203371, at *4. 16 IT IS SO ORDERED. 17 || DATED: September 14, 2020 OO) Xircoby,

Upfied States District Judge 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28