Smithdeal v. . Smith

64 N.C. 52

• Court: Supreme Court of North Carolina
• Decided: January 5, 1870
• Status: Published

Opinion

Peabson, C. J.

The position that land can pass by a nuncupative will, cannot be supported.

At common law, land could not be devised. Statute 32 Hen. YIII, allows any person having land held by military tenure, to devise two-thirds thereof, and any person having-land held by socage tenure, to devise the whole, provided the devise be made in writing, signed by the testator. By statute 12 Oar. II, all land held by military tenure, is converted into land held by free and common socage, and the legal effect is to make all land, except copy-hold, devisable by will in writing, signed by the testator. Soon after the passage of the statute of devises, the word “signed” was held by judicial construction to mean, the writing of his name by the testator in any part of the instrument. To prevent fraud, it is provided by 29 Car. II, that wills to be valid to pass land, must be subscribed by three or more credible witnesses in the presence of the testator. •

This reference to the statutes on the subject, is made for the purpose of showing that the use of the word “ estate ” in the act in regard to nuncupative wills, Nev. Code, ch. 119, s. 11, cannot be allowed the effect of embracing land; for although the word in its general sense is broad enough to include land, yet it is obviously not used here in so broad a sense. If the purpose had been to make an entire change in the law, and to depart from the policy of the statutes 32' Hen. "VTU, and 29 Car. II, plain and positive words were called for; and so great an effect cannot he allowed the incidental use of a single word, upon any sound principle of construction.

Peb Curiam. Judgment affirmed.