Smith v. Holloway Sportswear, Inc.

704 So. 2d 420, 97 La.App. 3 Cir. 698, 1997 La. App. LEXIS 2881, 1997 WL 775204
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedDecember 17, 1997
DocketNo. 97-698
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 704 So. 2d 420 (Smith v. Holloway Sportswear, Inc.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Smith v. Holloway Sportswear, Inc., 704 So. 2d 420, 97 La.App. 3 Cir. 698, 1997 La. App. LEXIS 2881, 1997 WL 775204 (La. Ct. App. 1997).

Opinion

JiCOOKS, Judge.

Holloway Sportswear, Inc., appeals the trial court’s denial of their exception of prescription and subsequent judgment awarding Lowandia Smith damages and attorney’s fees for a retaliatory discharge.

FACTS

Lowandia Smith was employed as a bun-dler for Holloway Sportswear, Inc. when she sustained injuries to her wrists while engaged in the course and scope of her employment on September 19, 1989. Smith missed work from October 3, 1989 through April 2, 1990. Smith asserted a claim and received weekly workers’ compensation benefits and necessary medical treatment. She returned to work on April 3, 1990 with a medical release. On that date she was told by the employer that there was no available work and she should “go home.” Smith testified she was told when Rwork became available she would receive a call. The employer denied making this statement.

On June 5, 1990, Smith filed a 1008 claim with the Office of Workers’ Compensation (OWC), asserting her right to benefits and also alleging a claim for retaliatory discharge under La.R.S. 23:1361. Smith sought one-year’s salary plus reasonable attorney fees for Holloway’s alleged violation of La.R.S. 23:1361, which prohibits an employer from discharging an employee who asserts a workers’ compensation claim.

Subsequently, Smith filed suit on January 9, 1991 in the district court asserting the same cause of action for retaliatory discharge. Holloway filed a lack of subject matter jurisdiction exception to the petition. On April 15, 1991, counsel for Smith voluntarily dismissed the suit in district court when another unrelated suit pending against Holloway in the same court was dismissed by the trial court after the filing of a similar exception. Counsel for Smith reurged and intended to litigate the retaliatory discharge claim before the OWC. However, the Louisiana Supreme Court held in Sampson v. Wendy’s Management, Inc., 593 So.2d 336 (La.1992), that jurisdiction in a retaliatory discharge suit was vested in the district court and not the OWC. As a result of Sampson, Smith filed a second suit in the district court on February 27, 1992, alleging the identical cause of action asserted in the first suit. Holloway then filed an exception of prescription seeking dismissal of the action. The court denied the exception finding the initial filing of Smith’s claim with the OWC interrupted prescription.

A trial was held on the retaliatory discharge claim. The trial court concluded Smith was unlawfully discharged for asserting a worker’s compensation claim. She was awarded $9,000, plus $3,500 as attorney’s fees. Holloway appealed the trial court’s judgment relying upon the following assignments of error as grounds |3for reversal:

1. The trial court erred in dismissing the peremptory exception of prescription.
2. The trial court erred when it denied, following the plaintiffs case in chief, the motion to dismiss made by defendant.
3. The trial court erred in awarding judgment in favor of plaintiff because the plaintiff failed to prove her case of retaliatory discharge by a preponderance of the evidence.

[422]*422Smith answered Holloway’s appeal alleging the trial court erred by. rendering an abusively low attorney’s fee award and in determining the date when interest should begin to run.

ANALYSIS

I. Prescription

As a delictual action, an action for retaliatory discharge is governed by the one-year prescription found in La.Civ.Code art. 3492. It must be filed within one year from the date of discharge. Maquar v. Transit Management of Southeast Louisiana, Inc., 593 So.2d 365 (La.1992); Arvie v. Century Tel. Enterprises, Inc., 452 So.2d 392 (La.App. 3 Cir.1984).

In Maquar, 593 So.2d 365, the Supreme Court considered whether the filing of a claim with OWC interrupted prescription on the delictual action for retaliatory discharge penalties; and, thus, satisfied the requirements of La.Civ.Code art. 3462. The Court found that OWC was not a court, either competent or incompetent, and that at the time the claim was filed in 1989, OWC had no binding adjudicatory powers. It concluded that the action was not commenced in a court or the equivalent of a court so as to interrupt prescription on the discharge action under La.Civ.Code art. 3462. However, the court stated:

Nevertheless, under the narrow and particular facts of the instant ease, assuming that the claim filed with OWCA | ¿included a claim for retaliatory discharge and that the employer received notice of this claim, the purposes of the laws of prescription and the interruption thereof have been served. Liberative prescriptive statutes, intended to protect defendants from prejudice in preparing and conducting defenses, are to be strictly construed. Parker, [v. Southern American Insurance Co.] supra [590 So.2d 55 (La.1991) ]. Here, based on the foregoing assumptions, the claim was formally filed in an official forum in accordance with a statutory procedure and the defendant - employer was given notice of the claim within the one-year prescriptive period. An action was commenced in court only a few days after the one-year period and within the time period provided for worker’s compensation actions.

The supreme court, under the narrow and particular facts of Maquar, found prescription on plaintiffs wrongful discharge claim was interrupted by defendant’s notification of plaintiffs claim within the one year prescriptive period even though suit was filed in a court without subject matter jurisdiction. We find the same situation applies here.

A review of the petition filed in the OWC shows Smith set out a claim for retaliatory discharge under La.R.S. 23:1361. Holloway’s answer in the OWC proceedings indicates an awareness that Smith was asserting a claim for retaliatory discharge. Paragraph 4 of the answer stated the following:

Lowandia Smith was terminated due to a reduction in work force and based on a reorganization of Holloway Sportswear, Inc.’s Ville Platte factory wherein the cutting department was disbanded.

Holloway was aware of Smith’s intent to bring suit for retaliatory discharge within the prescriptive period of one year. Further, Smith did not dismiss the suit pending before the OWC.

Holloway’s main contention on appeal is that because Smith voluntarily dismissed the first retaliatory discharge suit filed in district court, the interruption of prescription is considered never to have occurred. In support of this contention, Holloway relies on La. Civ. Code art. 3463, which provides:

_[sAn interruption of prescription resulting from the filing of a suit in a competent court- and in the proper venue or from service of process within the prescriptive period continues as long as the suit is pending. Interruption is considered never to have occurred if the plaintiff abandons, voluntarily dismisses, or fails to prosecute the suit at trial. (Emphasis added.)

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

Nicholson v. Transit Management of Southeast Louisiana
781 So. 2d 661 (Louisiana Court of Appeal, 2001)
Greeson v. Acceptance Insurance Co.
738 So. 2d 1201 (Louisiana Court of Appeal, 1999)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
704 So. 2d 420, 97 La.App. 3 Cir. 698, 1997 La. App. LEXIS 2881, 1997 WL 775204, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/smith-v-holloway-sportswear-inc-lactapp-1997.