Smiley, Shane v. Four Seasons Coach Leasing and Live Soul Touring

2016 TN WC 128
CourtTennessee Court of Workers' Compensation Claims
DecidedMay 25, 2016
Docket2015-06-0104 and 2015-06-0105
StatusPublished

This text of 2016 TN WC 128 (Smiley, Shane v. Four Seasons Coach Leasing and Live Soul Touring) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Tennessee Court of Workers' Compensation Claims primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Smiley, Shane v. Four Seasons Coach Leasing and Live Soul Touring, 2016 TN WC 128 (Tenn. Super. Ct. 2016).

Opinion

TENNESSEE BUREAU OF WORKERS’ COMPENSATION IN THE COURT OF WORKERS’ COMPENSATION CLAIMS AT NASHVILLE

SHANE SMILEY, ) Employee, ) Docket No. 2016-06-0104 v. ) State File No. 2435-2016 FOUR SEASONS COACH LEASING ) and LIVE SOUL TOURING, ) Docket No. 2016-06-0105 ) State File No. 6196-2016 Employers, ) and ) Judge Joshua Davis Baker ACCIDENT FUND INSURANCE ) and FIREMANS FUND, ) Carriers. )

EXPEDITED HEARING ORDER FOR MEDICAL AND TEMPORARY DISABILITY BENEFITS

This matter came before the Court on May 5, 2016, upon the Request for Expedited Hearing filed by the employee, Shane Smiley, pursuant to Tennessee Code Annotated section 50-6-239 (2015). Mr. Smiley alleged back and shoulder injuries, which arose primarily out of and in the course and scope of his employment as a tour bus driver. The present focus of this case is Mr. Smiley’s entitlement to additional medical treatment and temporary disability benefits. The central legal question is whether Mr. Smiley was an employee or an independent contractor at the time of the incident. If the Court determines he was an employee, the Court must decide whether Mr. Smiley worked for Four Seasons Coach Leasing or Live Soul Touring and then determine whether his injury arose primarily out of and in the course and scope of his employment. For the reasons set forth below, the Court finds Mr. Smiley will likely succeed at a hearing on the merits in proving he suffered an injury arising primarily out of and in the course and scope of his employment with Four Seasons and in proving entitlement to medical treatment and temporary disability benefits.1

1 A complete listing of exhibits and the technical record admitted at the Expedited Hearing is attached to this Order as an appendix. History of Claim

Mr. Smiley is a forty-nine-year-old resident of Davidson County, Tennessee, who worked as a tour bus operator. In this case, Mr. Smiley drove the tour bus rented by Live Soul from Four Seasons. The bus rental agreement between Live Soul and Four Seasons provided Four Seasons would be responsible for paying the bus driver. Four Seasons and Live Soul, however, executed an addendum to the contract agreeing Live Soul would pay Mr. Smiley directly. (Ex. 7.) Although he was not pleased with the decision, Mr. Smiley accepted the arrangement, agreed to drive the tour bus and executed a 1099 tax form.

The tour began on November 28, 2015. That day, Mr. Smiley left from Lebanon, Tennessee, enroute to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to meet the members of the Live Soul touring party headlined by musician Jill Scott. The tour bus left Philadelphia on November 30, 2015, to begin the nineteen-day tour.

Mr. Smiley drove a bus a called “Widnes 15” on the Live Soul tour. He previously drove the same bus during a tour with singer Pat Benatar. According to his affidavit, following the conclusion of the Pat Bentar tour, he told the Four Seasons maintenance department that “the seat was pretty uncomfortable and made me sore.” He explained:

The seat has bolsters that made me sit funny. I attempted to improve the fit both with a separate pad and a sheepskin seat cover. The pad gave no relief and the seat cover helped a little. I believe the cover served as a cradle of sorts. Relieving pressure on my hips.

(Ex. 2.) Fortunately, the soreness resolved several days after completion of the Pat Benatar tour.

While driving the Widnes 15 for Live Soul, Mr. Smiley again began experiencing pain in his hips accompanied by neck and shoulder tension. He initially combatted the soreness through stretching and taking hot showers. According to his affidavit, however, the condition of his back deteriorated over the course of the tour. After completing a 512-mile trip from Boston, Massachusetts to Washington D.C. in windy and icy weather conditions, his back was tight and sore. He testified:

We got bounced around pretty good . . . We had a lot of cross winds, ah rain, freezing rain, a lot of debris it being like fall, early winter, being flung through the air, ah some spots of black ice. And in the northeast there is a great deal of bad highway. Their best highways in the northeast are worse

2 than what we have in anything . . . in this region at all. There’s some sections that are washboard no matter what you do . . .

In the course of that trip, in the higher winds and the weather you tend to tense up a little bit more. You do everything you can to stay relaxed but when you get tense, you get sore.

After arriving in Washington D.C., Mr. Smiley “took his normal steps” to heal his body. He had the day off on December 3, 2015, and testified he felt “pretty good.” On December 4, 2015, however, when he returned to his seat on the bus, he experienced “a sharp pain in my shoulder, and in my lower back and the left hip.” Mr. Smiley drove the bus from Washington D.C. to Atlanta, Georgia. When he arrived in Atlanta, he was in severe pain.

Mr. Smiley had a two-day layover in Atlanta. During the time off, he received a massage and testified he felt better. The pain, however, returned when he sat back down in the bus seat and worsened over the course of the trip. Thereafter, the pain would wax and wane until, “it became acute again” during travel between Charlotte, North Carolina, and Louisville, Kentucky.

Although his back condition was painful, Mr. Smiley testified he did not believe the condition endangered any of the passengers so he continued driving the bus. He also stated the following concerning quitting a driving job mid-tour:

There are two ways you come off the road in this industry, and its either you’re on your death bed or there’s a death in the family. Other than that you’re basically expected to stay put unless you feel that you are in a situation that’s causing a safety issue for everyone else.

The tour ended on December 15, 2015. After completing the tour, Mr. Smiley returned the bus to Four Seasons, completed his “end-of-tour work,” and let Four Seasons know of his displeasure with the seat. He advised Four Seasons of the condition of his back. However, he suggested waiting until the beginning of 2016 to see if his condition improved with rest.

Mr. Smiley testified his range of motion improved but the pain in his shoulder did not. He could not sleep comfortably or sit for more than forty-five minutes at a time. He contacted Four Seasons, which informed him they carried workers’ compensation for their drivers. Four Seasons submitted paperwork and provided him a panel the same day. Mr. Smiley chose Dr. Adhi Jayaraman of U.S. Healthworks and saw him the following day. (Ex. 1 at 5.)

3 Dr. Jayaraman diagnosed Mr. Smiley with neck and lumbar spine ligament sprains and disorders of the brachial plexus and intervertebral discs. He recommended x-rays, an MRI and physical therapy, and issued work restrictions that prohibited Mr. Smiley from “commercial driving.” Id. at 6-14.

After his visit with Dr. Jayaraman, an insurance adjuster interviewed Mr. Smiley. See Ex. 8. Following the interview, the adjuster determined Four Seasons was not responsible for providing medical care for Mr. Smiley’s injury and ended medical benefits. The adjuster opined Live Soul should be responsible for providing benefits. Mr. Smiley contacted Live Soul, who also denied responsibility for his injury. Mr. Smiley did not receive the treatment recommended by Dr. Jayaraman.

Mr. Smiley treated with Dr. Kevin Snead, a chiropractor, who operated Airport Wellness Center. Mr. Smiley explained he had a longstanding relationship with Dr. Snead, who had conducted Mr. Smiley’s annual Department of Transportation fitness for duty physical since 2006. In a letter dated March 4, 2016, Dr. Snead stated Mr. Smiley had no history of back problems prior to the work-related incident.

On March 15, 2016, Mr.

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Bluebook (online)
2016 TN WC 128, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/smiley-shane-v-four-seasons-coach-leasing-and-live-soul-touring-tennworkcompcl-2016.