Smart v. . Rodgers

8 S.E.2d 833, 217 N.C. 560, 1940 N.C. LEXIS 289

• Court: Supreme Court of North Carolina
• Decided: May 8, 1940
• Status: Published

Opinion

Devin, J.

The appellants’ principal assignment of error related to the charge of the court below wherein the jury was instructed that the violation of a criminal statute “such as the court has read to you” was negligence per se. The court had just read to the jury the speed regulations prescribed by ch. 407, Public Laws 1937, the statute in force at the time of the injury complained of. Exceeding the speed limits mentioned in that act, however, is not made a substantive criminal offense but constitute merely "prima facie evidence that the speed is not reasonable or prudent and that it is unlawful.”

While it has been uniformly held by this Court that the violation of a statute imposing a rule of conduct in the operation of a motor vehicle and enacted in the interest of safety constitutes negligence per se and becomes actionable upon proof of injury proximately resulting therefrom (Holland v. Strader, 216 N. C., 436), this rule may not be held to apply to an act which the statute denominates merely prima facie evidence of want of due care.

Instructions to juries couched in language similar to that excepted to here have been held erroneous and new trials awarded in several recent cases. Morris v. Johnson, 214 N. C., 402, 199 S. E., 390; Fleeman v. Coal Co., 214 N. C., 117, 198 S. E., 596; Marsh v. Byrd, 214 N. C., 669, 200 S. E., 389; Woods v. Freeman, 213 N. C., 314, 195 S. E., 812; Latham v. Bottling Co., 213 N. C., 158, 195 S. E., 372; Sebastian v. Motor Lines, 213 N. C., 770, 197 S. E., 539; S. v. Webber, 210 N. C., 137, 185 S. E., 659; S. v. Spencer, 209 N. C., 827, 184 S. E., 835. See, also, Wooten v. Smith, 215 N. C., 48, 200 S. E., 921, and Exum v. Baumrind, 210 N. C., 650, 188 S. E., 200.

The fact that the court properly charged .as to proximate cause did not remove the injurious effect of the instruction quoted. Templeton v. Kelley, 216 N. C., 487. The appellants’ motion for judgment of non-suit was properly denied. However, for the error in the judge’s charge herein pointed out, there must be a new trial. This disposition of the appeal renders unnecessary discussion of other exceptions noted by defendants.

New trial.