Skoretz v. Cowden

707 S.W.2d 529, 1985 Tenn. App. LEXIS 3352
CourtCourt of Appeals of Tennessee
DecidedDecember 6, 1985
StatusPublished
Cited by7 cases

This text of 707 S.W.2d 529 (Skoretz v. Cowden) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Tennessee primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Skoretz v. Cowden, 707 S.W.2d 529, 1985 Tenn. App. LEXIS 3352 (Tenn. Ct. App. 1985).

Opinion

OPINION

GODDARD, Judge.

Rudolph Skoretz and his wife Estelle appeal a judgment of the Circuit Court for Hamilton County entered upon a jury verdict which awarded Mr. Skoretz $4400 as damages for personal injuries he suffered in an automobile accident, and awarded Mrs. Skoretz no damages in her suit for loss of consortium.

They raise the following issues on appeal:

I. Whether the trial court erred in overruling the Motion in Limine filed by the plaintiff.
II. Whether the trial court erred in allowing proof that the Seventh Day Adventist Church voluntarily paid the plaintiff while he was off work.
III. Whether the trial court erred in admitting evidence that certain of the doctors were Seventh Day Adventists, thus prejudicing the plaintiffs.
IV.Whether the trial court erred in not requiring the jury to bring back at least nominal damages for loss of consortium.
Y. Whether the trial court erred in allowing defense counsel to argue to the jury his personal feelings about the case and, after objection was made, in compounding the error by not correcting defense counsel.
VI. Whether the verdict is clearly inadequate under the proof and against the weight of the evidence.

On April 2, 1983, Mr. Skoretz was a passenger in an automobile which collided with one being operated by the Defendant. The Defendant conceded liability, and the only issue tried was the amount of damages, if any, suffered by the Plaintiffs.

Mr. Skoretz has been a Seventh-Day Adventist minister for some 26 years. Since 1976 he has worked as an evangelist with the church, giving nightly lectures for periods of five weeks at a time.

As a result of the impact with the Defendant’s vehicle, Mr. Skoretz’s head hit the windshield and his feet were jammed against the floorboard. He was taken by ambulance to Park Ridge Hospital, treated and released in time for him to give his lecture that night. The format of the lectures is for Mr. Skoretz to speak from a lectern, with a number of screens to his rear and overhead upon which pictures are projected illustrating his text.

The night after the accident he was not able to deliver the lecture personally, but was able to be present and operate a tape of his lecture which was synchronized with various pictures shown upon the screens.

He did not lecture the following night, and the next day went to his family physician, a Dr. Bishop, who later referred him to a neurosurgeon, Dr. Pittman. At this time he had complaints of his neck, heels, a tooth which was chipped, and problems with his knee. At the suggestion of Dr. Pittman he did not work for two weeks, but [531]*531did receive his regular salary which was $1800 per month. Over the next year and a half he visited various doctors and received various treatments.

His treating dentist testified that he had chipped a tooth which might eventually result in damage to the nerve necessitating a root canal. An orthopedic doctor testified that in his opinion, based almost entirely on subjective complaints, Mr. Skoretz sustained a 10 percent permanent partial disability due to his neck injury.

Dr. Pittman, a neurosurgeon who saw Mr. Skoretz two days after the accident, on April 4, again on April 18, and a third time in April of the following year, felt that the Plaintiff “did not suffer a permanently disabling injury.” Medical bills incurred were approximately $2400.

The proof as it relates to Mrs. Skoretz’s claim shows that her husband was unable to pick up his shoes, take walks with her, and do chores as he formerly had. It also shows that his injury had affected their “intimate life.”

We turn now to the issues on appeal and will treat the first two together.

The Plaintiffs rely on the case of Illinois Central Railroad Co. v. Porter, 117 Tenn. 13, 94 S.W. 666 (1906), in support of their motion in limine and objection to evidence that Mr. Skoretz received his regular pay during the two weeks he was unable to work. In Porter a mail clerk employed by the United States of America was injured in a railway accident. He was paid his regular pay, but the trial court excluded this evidence when offered by the defendant. In affirming the trial court the Supreme Court quoted with approval from Watson’s work on Damages for Personal Injuries as follows (117 Tenn. at 28; 94 S.W. at 670):

Mr. Watson, in his work on Damages for Personal Injuries, after citing cases holding against the right to recover for loss of time where wages have been paid, says: “On the other hand, there is authority for the position that the fact that the employer did not deduct the plaintiff’s salary during the time he was disabled does not affect the plaintiff’s right of recovery for the value of his time. This is unquestionably the sounder view. The tort-feasor has no right to invoke in his own defense the liberality of the plaintiff’s employer, whose course in this respect is especially for the benefit of the injured party, and not for that of the author of the wrong. Certain it is, finally, that few employers would continue the salary of a valued employe during a term of incapacity from injuries if the effect of this was merely to relieve pro tanto the party liable in damages for the tort.”

The Court did suggest that if it had been shown the plaintiff’s employment contract required payments to be made while he was unable to work because of injury, the result might be different.

Shelton v. Milam, 492 S.W.2d 917 (Tenn.App.1972), citing Porter with approval, is in accord. Porter is also cited with approval, although admittedly in different factual contexts, in at least three later cases which stress the fact that the real measure of damages is the loss of the capacity to earn rather than loss of earning. Southern Coach Lines, Inc. v. Wilson, 31 Tenn.App. 240, 214 S.W.2d 55 (1948) (plaintiff not working at time of injury); Dixie Feed & Seed Co. v. Byrd, 52 Tenn.App. 619, 376 S.W.2d 745 (1963) (evidence regarding retirement benefits and accumulated sick leave in mitigation of damages); Asbill v. Franklin, 57 Tenn.App. 633, 423 S.W.2d 279 (1967) (evidence of sick leave benefits).

The Defendant counters this argument by stating that the proof was offered to shed light on Mr. Skoretz’s impaired earning capacity. We believe, however, in the factual context of the present case, that this proof does not tend to illuminate this matter. Consequently, the evidence was erroneously admitted.

We concede, as argued by the Defendant, that it was for the jury to determine whether it was necessary or proper for Mr. Sko-retz to be off work two weeks after the [532]*532accident, but the fact that he was paid his regular salary does not, in our view, have any probative value as to this question.

We do not believe the question propounded to the Plaintiffs’ expert witnesses as to their church affiliation was error.

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Bluebook (online)
707 S.W.2d 529, 1985 Tenn. App. LEXIS 3352, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/skoretz-v-cowden-tennctapp-1985.