Shows v. City of Hattiesburg

97 So. 2d 366, 231 Miss. 648, 1957 Miss. LEXIS 549
CourtMississippi Supreme Court
DecidedOctober 14, 1957
DocketNo. 40402
StatusPublished
Cited by4 cases

This text of 97 So. 2d 366 (Shows v. City of Hattiesburg) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Mississippi Supreme Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Shows v. City of Hattiesburg, 97 So. 2d 366, 231 Miss. 648, 1957 Miss. LEXIS 549 (Mich. 1957).

Opinion

Bobbrds, P. J.

Elton Jack Shows, a minor eight years of age, acting through L. D. Shows, his father and next friend, by his declaration in the circuit court, sought to recover a personal decree against the City of Hattiesburg, Mississippi, for personal injuries suffered by him when he fell into a drainage ditch, or drain basin, alleged to have been maintained by the City in a negligent manner, and which negligence was the cause of his injuries. The City, by its answer, denied that it was negligent, and also asserted that Jack’s own negligence produced his injuries.

The case was tried at the May 1955 term of the circuit court, resulting in a verdict for plaintiff-appellant (whom, for sake of brevity, we will call plaintiff) for $1,000.00. The learned circuit judge set that verdict aside’as not being supported by the evidence, and granted a new trial. The case was again tried at the July 1955 term of court, and the trial judge, on motion of the City, granted it a peremptory instruction.

On this appeal plaintiff contends we should reverse the trial court in both actions and re-instate the judgment entered on the verdict upon the first trial.

Both actions of the lower court may be considered together. They both rest upon the premise that the testimony failed to show any negligence on the part of the [653]*653City contributing to the injury, and presented no question for tbe jury to pass upon in that regard.

The record discloses no substantial dispute in the testimony on the question of negligence of the City.

Mclnnis and Frederick Streets intersect and cross each other. The drain basin is at one of these intersections. Two culverts, extending partly under the streets, empty into this ditch or basin. We will call it a ditch. The ends of the culverts lack some two feet of joining, or coming together. The culverts are fifteen inches in diameter. They are some four feet in length. They are used for street drainage purposes. The ditch was some thirty inches deep. At the time the injury occurred it was largely filled with leaves, weeds, sticks, broken glass bottles, brickbats and cans. From the photographs in the record the ditch appears to be some four or five feet long and two or three feet wide. On one side of it is a paved street. On the other side, and running parallel with the ditch, is a sidewalk. This is a dirt walkway. It is about five feet wide. There is a path used for walking located about the middle of this five foot strip. Between the walking path and the ditch grass has grown up. On the opposite side of the two and a half foot walking path is also grass, and on that side of the five foot sidewalk, and running parallel with the walkway, is a wire fence. There is no cover to the ditch; it is open. There are no guardrails, or other structure, to deter one from stepping or falling into the ditch.

This ditch is located just across the street from Eaton public school. Many pupils attend that school. Children going to and from the school travel the walking path in the middle of the sidewalk territory along beside the drainage ditch.

The two paved streets have been there for mpre than twenty-five years. The drainage ditch has existed longer than ten years. The streets and the ditch and the sidewalk and walking path in the middle of the walkway [654]*654were constructed by the City and have been maintained by the City since their construction. It is not shown when, if at any time, this situation had been inspected by the City before plaintiff fell into the ditch.

Plaintiff, Elton Jack Shows, was a pupil in the Eaton School. He and his family lived some two blocks from the school building. On November 13, 1954, just before twelve o’clock noon, he was leaving the school building to go to his home for lunch. He came along the walkway strip of the five foot walk beside the ditch. He says he got his feet tangled in the grass which was growing on the walk-strip between the beaten path and the ditch. He fell into the ditch. One of his arms was cut rather badly and he suffered other slight bruises. He was not able to again attend school during the 1954-55 session, and his hospital and doctor bills amounted to $414.15.

Was negligence on the part of the City a question for the jury? The rule prescribing the duty of municipalities in such cases is uniform in this state. It is that a municipality is liable for injuries resulting from its failure to exercise reasonable care to keep its streets and sidewalks in reasonably safe condition for use by persons exercising reasonable care. City of Laurel v. Hutto, 220 Miss. 253, 70 So. 2d 605; Birdsong v. City of Clarksdale, 191 Miss. 532, 3 So. 2d 827, and many other cases collected under the heading of “Municipal Corporations”, 11 Miss. Digest key number 763 (1). And in passing upon the questions we should take “the evidence and the record thereof in the light of the most favorable conclusions in behalf of appellant which the jury could reasonably have drawn therefrom, had the case been submitted to them on proper instructions”. Birdsong v. City of Clarksdale, supra. We need not again detail the facts. It is sufficient to say that the city had full authority and control over the streets, the ditch, culverts, walkways, and every physical thing at the scene where the accident happened. It construct[655]*655ed and maintained these things. The ditch was full of debris. There was no covering over, or protective bar rails about the ditch. It was just across the street from a large city school. Many school children daily passed by this opening. This situation had existed for many years. The City had full knowledge of the facts. The city engineers who testified in the case did not state when an inspection of this condition had been made before this accident occurred. Without belaboring the question we think this situation presented a question for the jury under proper instructions. The jury passed upon it on the first trial and found the City did not exercise the care required by law. The testimony justified that verdict.

But the City says that the negligence of plaintiff was the sole cause of his injury. Assuming, but not deciding, that a child, eight years of age, can be guilty of contributory negligence, such negligence under the evidence in this case, would only be contributory. “And if his negligence was contributory — and this is the most that can be said of it, even if that is to be said— this would not wholly bar him of recovery under our comparative negligence statute, Section 511, Code of 1930, which is applicable to municipalities as it is to other defendants. Jordan v. City of Lexington, 133 Miss. 440, 97 So. 758.” Birdsong v. City of Clarksdale, supra. Such negligence is not a bar to recovery, but should be considered by the jury in determining the amount of the damage. Section 1454, Miss. Code 1942. (Hn 5). We cannot say the jury did not do that in this case. Under the proof the injury to plaintiff was serious and painful. He was not able to return to school during the 1954-55 term, and there is evidence indicating that, to some extent, his injuries may be permanent. The bills of the doctor and hospital amounted to $414.15. The verdict of the jury was $1,000.00. Presumably the jurors, in [656]*656arriving at the amount of the verdict, took into consideration the actions of plaintiff.

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97 So. 2d 366, 231 Miss. 648, 1957 Miss. LEXIS 549, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/shows-v-city-of-hattiesburg-miss-1957.