Shortis v. Shortis

274 A.D.2d 880, 711 N.Y.S.2d 578, 2000 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 8298
CourtAppellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York
DecidedJuly 27, 2000
StatusPublished
Cited by19 cases

This text of 274 A.D.2d 880 (Shortis v. Shortis) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Shortis v. Shortis, 274 A.D.2d 880, 711 N.Y.S.2d 578, 2000 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 8298 (N.Y. Ct. App. 2000).

Opinion

—Lahtinen, J.

Appeal from an order of the Supreme Court (Connor, J.), inter alia, denying plaintiff a divorce, entered May 27, 1999 in Rensselaer County, upon a decision of the court.

The parties were married in 1986 and have one child, a son born in 1992. Plaintiff moved out of the marital residence in October 1995. In January 1996 the parties were granted joint legal custody of their son by Family Court, with plaintiff receiving primary physical custody. In April 1997 plaintiff commenced this action for divorce alleging cruel and inhuman treatment and constructive abandonment. In a written decision and order after the second nonjury trial,1 Supreme Court granted defendant’s motion to dismiss the complaint based on plaintiff’s failure to prove cruel and inhuman treatment or constructive abandonment finding that “[defendant has not abandoned the [p]laintiff actually or constructively and she has not been cruel and inhuman towards the [p]laintiff”. Supreme Court awarded defendant maintenance of $150 per week retroactive to the date of the commencement of this action, the arrears to be paid by payment of an additional $150 per month until paid in full, awarded the parties joint custody of their son, directed that all questions of child support be in compliance with the “Uniform Child Support Standards Act” and denied plaintiff possession of the marital residence. Plaintiff appeals.

In an action for divorce based on cruel and inhuman treatment, the party seeking the divorce must establish that the other party’s conduct so threatened his or her physical or [881]*881mental well-being that it would be unsafe or improper to continue to cohabit with the offending party (see, Bailey v Bailey, 256 AD2d 1030). Supreme Court is accorded broad discretion in determining whether the acts complained of constitute cruel and inhuman treatment and, as the trier of fact, its determination will not be lightly upset on appeal (see, id., at 1030; Gray v Gray, 245 AD2d 584, 585; Gaudette v Gaudette, 234 AD2d 619, 622, appeal dismissed 89 NY2d 1023) and deference is to be accorded the trial court on issues of credibility (see, Myers v Myers, 255 AD2d 711, 712; Newkirk v Newkirk, 212 AD2d 951, 952).

Plaintiff’s proof of cruel and inhuman treatment consisted solely of his own testimony. Plaintiff testified that the marital residence was disorganized and unkempt, with used paper towels, boxes and bags piled everywhere to the point that a person could not differentiate between the rooms and often could not see any floor space. When he attempted to clean the marital residence defendant threatened to “slit his throat” while he slept, causing him to move out of the marital residence the next day. Plaintiff also testified, without objection or contradiction, that after leaving the marital residence in October 1995 he obtained physical custody of their son upon the suggestion of the Department of Social Services after their investigation of the condition of the marital residence.

Plaintiff also described an incident in February 1997 in a local hotel parking lot when he brought their son to the agreed-upon meeting place for his visitation with defendant and she put her hands on his throat and applied pressure, causing him to feel threatened. However, plaintiff took no immediate action after either of these incidents. He remained overnight in the marital residence after defendant’s threat to slit his throat and did not seek either an order of protection or modification of the visitation order after the February 1997 incident. Upon cross-examination plaintiff admitted that he was physically larger and stronger than defendant and that he never became ill, never sought medical treatment or medications, never sought psychological or psychiatric counseling or court intervention as a result of the condition of the marital residence or either of the threats of physical harm made by defendant.2

This being a long-term (11-year) marriage with a child when this action was commenced (see, Newkirk v Newkirk, supra, at 951; cf., Israel v Israel, 242 AD2d 891), the transgressions constituting the cruel and inhuman treatment must withstand [882]*882a heightened scrutiny (see, Brady v Brady, 64 NY2d 339, 343) and be viewed within the scope of the entire marriage (see, Newkirk v Newkirk, supra, at 952). We have held that collecting junk and storing it in and around the marital residence causing deplorable living conditions does not amount to cruel and inhuman treatment (see, Wilson v Wilson, 244 AD2d 646). We note that while we have held that lack of medical proof may not be fatal to a claim for cruel and inhuman treatment (see, Allwell v Allwell, 252 AD2d 683, 685), it is relevant to a determination of the sufficiency of the proof (see, Mikhail v Mikhail, 252 AD2d 772). On this record we concur with Supreme Court that the proof fails to sustain a cause of action for cruel and inhuman treatment.

We reach a similar conclusion with regard to plaintiffs cause of action based on constructive abandonment, premised on his claim that defendant unjustifiably refused sexual relations with him for a period of 18 months. Supreme Court found that the parties had not been sleeping together for approximately a year prior to plaintiffs leaving the marital residence, but that it was not clear from the proof when they last had sexual relations or which party had refused to have them. Plaintiffs failure to establish by competent proof repeated requests by him for resumption of conjugal relations is fatal to his claim of constructive abandonment (see, Murphy v Murphy, 257 AD2d 798, 798-799; Silver v Silver, 253 AD2d 756, 757) and, as we found in Murphy v Murphy {supra), by maintaining separate sleeping areas plaintiff may have impliedly consented to a sex-limited relationship.

Plaintiff next challenges Supreme Court’s award of $150 per week to defendant for spousal maintenance. Plaintiff claims that the award of maintenance is not warranted by the proof and that Supreme Court also erred (1) in determining the lifetime duration of the award, (2) in holding that the maintenance award was retroactive to the date of commencement of plaintiffs action for divorce, and (3) by failing to credit him for the full amount of the mortgage payments on the marital residence he paid from October 1997 to the date of trial.

“The determination to award maintenance and the amount set are committed to the sound discretion of the trial court” (Myers v Myers, 255 AD2d 711, 716, supra [citations omitted]; see, Hartog v Hartog, 85 NY2d 36; see also, Lombardo v Lombardo, 255 AD2d 653, 654). A court is required to consider the statutory factors set forth in Domestic Relations Law § 236 (B) (6) (a) (see, Mulverhill v Mulverhill, 268 AD2d 948), including the parties’ marital standard of living (see, Hartog v Hartog, supra, at 50-51).

[883]*883The record reveals documentary evidence of plaintiffs income and his testimony regarding such statutory factors as his work history, health and financial situation. He currently has physical custody of the parties’ son and there was no proof of any child support being paid by defendant. At the time the parties separated they earned approximately the same annual wage, between $27,000 and $29,000.

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Bluebook (online)
274 A.D.2d 880, 711 N.Y.S.2d 578, 2000 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 8298, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/shortis-v-shortis-nyappdiv-2000.