Shattuck v. Zoning Hearing Board

501 A.2d 319, 93 Pa. Commw. 209, 1985 Pa. Commw. LEXIS 1454
CourtCommonwealth Court of Pennsylvania
DecidedNovember 26, 1985
DocketAppeal, No. 3207 C.D. 1984
StatusPublished
Cited by6 cases

This text of 501 A.2d 319 (Shattuck v. Zoning Hearing Board) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Shattuck v. Zoning Hearing Board, 501 A.2d 319, 93 Pa. Commw. 209, 1985 Pa. Commw. LEXIS 1454 (Pa. Ct. App. 1985).

Opinion

Opinion by

Judge Craig,

Landowner Robert Rieder has appealed three orders of the Court of Common Pleas of the 37th Judicial District of Pennsylvania, Warren County. ■

[211]*211- The first trial court order, issued-on September 21, 1983, reversed a decision of the Zoning Hearing Board of Warren County. The board had determined that section 1007 of the Pennsylvania Municipalities Planning Code (MPC)1 barred as untimely an appeal by objectors John and Nancy Shattuck alleging 'that the landowner’s garage situated on a neighboring vacant lot was not in compliance with the local zoning ordinance. The board’s decision also had determined that the landowner was using the garage in question for residential purposes in accordance with the Warren County Zoning Ordinance of 1965. The trial court disagreed; the September, 1983 order ruled that the landowner’s garage constituted a violation.

The second trial court order, dated June 5, 1984, resulted from the board’s petition (filed May 31,1984) to construe that September, 1983 reversal order. The court, by its second order, directed the landowner either to remove the garage or bring it into conformity with the zoning ordinance.

The third trial court order, dated October 29, 1984, resulted from the objectors’ petition for an order mandating destruction of the garage. The order instructed the-sheriff of Warren County to raze the building at the landowner’s expense.

The landowner did not appeal any of the trial court orders to this court until November 5, 1984. Hence we also have the objectors’ motion to quash the landowner’s appeal of the September 21, 1983 and June 5, 1984 orders as untimely under Pa. R.A.P. 903(a).2

The landowner and the objectors are neighbors in Pleasant Acres Subdivision, residing at lots No. 5 and [212]*212Ño.'4, respectively. The Zoning Ordinance of Warren County designated that subdivision as a single-family residential district. On June 12, 1981, the zoning officer issued a permit to the landowner allowing construction of a garage on his lot No. 5, which already had a garage attached to his house. The zoning officer later changed the permit to show permission to build a garage on lot No. 3, a vacant lot which the landowner also owned. That vacant lot is located two lots away from the landowner’s residence and next to the objectors’ residence. The record is unclear and the facts are disputed as to when and why the zoning officer made that change.

The landowner constructed a wood frame garage with aluminum siding, a dirt floor and without utility service. The objectors believed that the landowner was using the garage as a warehouse for his construction business and not for residential purposes. The trial court determined that the objectors had notice of the garage in October, 1981. Although the objectors made informal protests through their attorney to the zoning hearing board, they did not file an appeal with that board until January 17, 1983, well beyond the thirty-day appeal period established in section 915 of the Code.3 On February 28, 1983, the board barred the objectors’ appeal as untimely, but also resolved the merits in the landowner’s favor. The objectors’ subsequent appeal of the board’s decision led to the three court orders before us for review.

' ■ The objectors’ motion to quash the appeal of the two orders dated September 21, 1983 and June 5, 1984 [213]*213was directed4 for argument with the'merits of the appeal. We will first address the motion to quash.

1. Motion to Quash Appeal as to Two Trial Court Orders

' ■ The objectors assert that the common pleas order reversing the board’s decision, dated September 21, and entered on the docket on September 23, 1983, was a final order and therefore that the landowner’s appeal to this court on November 5, 1984 was untimely. The landowner characterizes the September, 1983 reversal order as not being final until the landowner’s counsel had it reduced to judgment as of November 5, 1984.

’ This court has held that appeals in zoning cases are governed exclusively by sections 1001-1011 of the MPC,5 and are not subject to the requirement that the common pleas court order be reduced to judgment before the filing of an appeal to this court. Roth v. Zoning Hearing Board of Springfield Township, 91 Pa. Commonwealth Ct. 445, 497 A.2d 295 (1985).

The landowner’s reliance upon Pa. R.A.P. 301 is misplaced. Pa. R.A.P. 301(a) clearly states that entry on the docket is the prerequisite for an appealable order, consistent with Pa. R.A.P. 903(a) which measures the thirty-day appeal time limit from the date of entry of the order from which the appeal is taken. The provisions for the reduction of decisions to judgment in Pa. R.A.P. 301(c) and 301(d) clearly pertain to the use of judgment entries in order to achieve finality with respect to undocketed decisions. Moreover, consistent with this court’s conclusion in Both, none of the Pennsylvania Rules of Civil Procedure [214]*214concerning the reduction of decisions to judgment— Pa. R.C.P. No. 227.4 and the various rules listed in the official Note to it — have any application to statutory zoning appeals in common pleas courts.

Consequently, the issue before us on the motion to quash is whether the September, 1983 common pleas .order, which reversed the decision of the board, was final in' its nature. We conclude that it was final because it constituted a complete resolution of the statutory zoning appeal before the trial court. It put the landowner “out of court” as to the zoning issue which the objectors had brought in the appeal. Pugar v. Greco, 483 Pa. 68, 72-74, 394 A.2d 542, 544-45 (1978).

Before 1978, the MPC authorized a common pleas court,- in reviewing an action of a zoning hearing board, to reverse, affirm or modify a board’s decision.6 The legislature revised that section of the Code in 19787 so that it applies now only to challenges of a zoning ordinance. In addressing the effect of that 1978 amendment, Mr. Ryan8 makes the following wholly sound observation:

The zoning Enabling Acts other than the Municipalities, Planning Code provide that in reviewing the action of a zoning board the lower court may reverse or affirm the board’s decision, in whole or in part, or may modify the decision. . . .
[215]*215Before 1978, Planning Code §1011 contained similar provisions. However the Act of October 5, 1978, P.L. 1067, No. 249, appropriated that section, revising it so that' it applies now only to challenges of the validity of a zoning, ordinance. As a result, there is no Code provision specifically governing the relief avail-, able in the case of an ordinary appeal. However, the existence of a right of appeal invests the court by implication with power to affirm, reverse or modify the action appealed from, in whole or in part, with or without specific au7 thorization. The same result flows directly from 2 Pa. C. S.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
501 A.2d 319, 93 Pa. Commw. 209, 1985 Pa. Commw. LEXIS 1454, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/shattuck-v-zoning-hearing-board-pacommwct-1985.