Senez v. Grumman Flxible Corp.

518 So. 2d 574, 1987 La. App. LEXIS 10901, 1987 WL 2819
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedDecember 15, 1987
DocketCA-7448
StatusPublished
Cited by17 cases

This text of 518 So. 2d 574 (Senez v. Grumman Flxible Corp.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Senez v. Grumman Flxible Corp., 518 So. 2d 574, 1987 La. App. LEXIS 10901, 1987 WL 2819 (La. Ct. App. 1987).

Opinion

518 So.2d 574 (1987)

Henry SENEZ
v.
GRUMMAN FLXIBLE CORP., et al.

No. CA-7448.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Fourth Circuit.

December 15, 1987.
Rehearing Denied January 14, 1988.
Writ Denied March 18, 1988.

*575 Lawrence J. Centola, Jr., Carmouche, Gray and Hoffman, New Orleans, for defendant-appellee, Bendix Corp.

Sidney D. Torres, III, Gregory J. Noto, Law Offices of Sidney D. Torres, III, Chalmette, for plaintiff-appellee, Henry Senez.

Madeleine Fischer (appeal counsel), Jones, Walker, Waechter, Poitevent, Carrere & Denegre, New Orleans, John A. Cvejanovich, Guinan and Cvejanovich, Springfield, Mass., for defendant-appellant, Grumman Flxible Corp.

James Maher, III, New Orleans, for defendant-intervenor-appellant, New Orleans Public Service, Inc.

Before BARRY, LOBRANO, and WARD, JJ.

WARD, Judge.

In this products liability suit, Grumman Flxible Corporation appeals a judgment in favor of Henry Senez which held that there was a design defect in the air brake system of a bus manufactured by Grumman and sold to New Orleans Public Service, Inc. NOPSI also appeals, seeking modification of the portion of the judgment granting reimbursement for worker's compensation benefits and medical expenses it paid to Senez. The suit was filed as the result of an accident which occurred on the evening of June 5, 1981 while Senez was performing his assigned duties as a service worker at the NOPSI bus "barn." Senez's job was to check the oil level and the tires on each bus as it was driven through his service aisle. As he was closing the engine compartment door at the rear of one bus, Senez turned around and saw Bus 315, with another NOPSI employee at the wheel, coming toward him—about an arm's length away. Senez attempted to jump onto the bumper of the approaching bus, but he was crushed between the two buses.

Senez sued Grumman, the manufacturer of NOPSI Bus 315, and Bendix Corporation, the manufacturer of components of the bus's air brake system, alleging that Bus 315 was unreasonably dangerous in normal use because of its propensity toward unexpected brake failure. NOPSI intervened in the suit for reimbursement of worker's compensation paid to Senez.

*576 A jury found Grumman liable for the defective design, manufacture or construction of the brake system on Bus 315. Bendix was found not liable. The Trial Judge rendered judgment in accordance with the $800,000.00 en globo verdict in favor of Senez. Out of this amount, NOPSI recovered reimbursement in the amount of $72,149.68.

In its appeal, Grumman assigns error in: (1) the Trial Judge's refusal to strike the jury venire after its members allegedly heard remarks prejudicial to Grumman; (2) the exclusion of certain photographs from evidence; (3) the Judge's failure to instruct the jury to assign negligence to NOPSI; and (4) the excessiveness of the damage award. Senez answered the appeal, requesting an increase in the damages. We affirm the Trial Court judgment but amend it to clarify NOPSI's reimbursement and credit for compensation payments.

In its first assignment of error, Grumman contends that it is entitled to a new trial because the entire jury venire allegedly heard prejudicial remarks made by a prospective juror during voir dire. The prospective juror, a former NOPSI employee, was asked by Grumman's counsel whether he had an opinion or bias concerning the safety of the Grumman buses. According to Grumman, instead of answering yes or no to the question, the man made a series of derogatory remarks about the Grumman buses. The Trial Judge excused the man for cause, and admonished the venire to disregard the remarks.

The voir dire was not recorded by the court reporter, and the parties were unable to agree upon a stipulation as to the content of the remarks or as to the circumstances surrounding them. After the incident, Grumman asked for a new venire. The Trial Judge denied the request, and Grumman made a general objection. On appeal, Grumman contends that the derogatory remarks were heard by the entire jury venire and that all the jurors were therefore prejudiced against Grumman's case.

In order to provide this Court with something more than its general objection to review, Grumman's appeal counsel moved to correct an omission of the trial record as permitted by Article 2132 of the Code of Civil Procedure:

A record on appeal which is incorrect or contains misstatements, irregularities or informalities, or which omits a material part of the trial record may be corrected even after the record is transmitted to the appellate court, by the parties by stipulation, by the Trial Court or by the order of the appellate court.

Claiming that the voir dire is an omission of a material part of the trial record, Grumman asks this Court to "correct" the omission because attempts to obtain a stipulation or to elicit a statement from the Trial Judge were unsuccessful. After the record has been transmitted to the appellate court, however, the general rule is that it can be corrected or supplemented only if the omitted evidence was actually introduced at trial. Bullock v. Commercial Union Insurance Co., 397 So.2d 13 (La.App. 3rd Cir. 1981). Not only was the voir dire not recorded in the Trial Court, but even Grumman's trial counsel makes only a generalized and conclusory statement of the incident. We are not presented with a specific and verified account of the incident which occurred during voir dire; hence we cannot construct the facts.

Moreover, having apparently failed to question other jurors about the effect the remarks had on them, Grumman has not proved that the jurors were influenced by the remarks. Also, Grumman has not shown that the Trial Judge's admonition plus his excusing the NOPSI employee for cause were insufficient to alleviate any potential prejudice. A trial judge is given broad discretion in defining the scope of voir dire, and his rulings will not be disturbed absent abuses of that discretion. Mobley v. General Motors Corp., 482 So.2d 1056, 1060 (La.App. 3rd Cir.1986). We find no abuse of discretion in the Trial Judge's refusal to strike the jury venire.

Grumman's second assignment of error is that the Trial Judge erred by excluding certain photographs from evidence. The photographs, taken two years after the *577 accident, showed improperly positioned valves on several NOPSI buses. Although the photographs did not depict Bus 315, Grumman argues that the photographs supported its defense that NOPSI did not properly maintain the buses and that improper maintenance, rather than a design defect, caused the brake failure.

There is testimony in the record indicating that NOPSI may not have always followed the manufacturer's specifications as to the positioning of the valves, but that evidence does not show that improper positioning of the valves would necessarily lead to brake failure. More important, there is testimony that a photograph of Bus 315 taken shortly after the accident shows its valves in the proper position. The photographs Grumman sought to introduce were therefore irrelevant and potentially misleading, and the Trial Judge correctly denied their admission into evidence.

Grumman's third assignment of error challenges the Trial Judge's refusal to instruct the jury on the doctrine of comparative negligence and his refusal to submit an interrogatory to the jury which would have required the jury to consider any negligence of NOPSI. The Trial Judge did not err in failing to give instructions on comparative negligence.

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Bluebook (online)
518 So. 2d 574, 1987 La. App. LEXIS 10901, 1987 WL 2819, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/senez-v-grumman-flxible-corp-lactapp-1987.