SE FIDELITY INS. CO. v. Broughton

293 So. 2d 139
CourtDistrict Court of Appeal of Florida
DecidedApril 23, 1974
DocketS-385
StatusPublished
Cited by4 cases

This text of 293 So. 2d 139 (SE FIDELITY INS. CO. v. Broughton) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court of Appeal of Florida primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
SE FIDELITY INS. CO. v. Broughton, 293 So. 2d 139 (Fla. Ct. App. 1974).

Opinion

293 So.2d 139 (1974)

SOUTHEASTERN FIDELITY INSURANCE COMPANY, Appellant,
v.
Melton BROUGHTON, Appellee.

No. S-385.

District Court of Appeal of Florida, First District.

April 23, 1974.

James M. Weber, of Beggs, Lane, Daniel, Gaines & Davis, Pensacola, for appellant.

No appearance for appellee.

HOWELL, CHARLES COOK, Jr., Associate Judge.

This is not a reproduction of Charles Dickens' immortal "Tale of Two Cities."

This is a reproduction of Mr. Melton Broughton's (he was the plaintiff below and is the appellee here) "Tale of Two Houses"; in both of which he had an interest; on one of which there was a policy of fire insurance written by Southeastern Fidelity Insurance Company (the defendant below, the appellant here) and on the other of which, the one that burned, there was no such policy.

House No. 1: This was the one at 512 Washington Street in Cantonment, Escambia County, Florida; rented by Broughton as a tenant at the time he arranged for one William Bell of the Home Company, an individual engaged in the business of moving houses, to move for him the dwelling described in the next paragraph. 512 Washington Street was a duplex; of concrete block construction; and, according to the independent insurance adjuster, J.F. Smith, it had been "built right on the site" and "had not been moved" there. Southeastern wrote the policy for "Melton Broughton, 512 Washington Street, Post Office Box 236, Cantonment, Florida" in the face amount of $2,500.00 for which, the structure being in Class 8, Zone 3, territory, a $58.00 premium plus a $5.00 inspection fee, or a total of $63.00 premium, had been charged.

*140 House No. 2: This was the one located on the south side of Hicks Street in Cantonment; was owned and lived in by Broughton at fire time; was a single family dwelling of frame construction; green in color; and located between a quarter of a mile and a half mile from the home Broughton had been renting at 512 Washington Street. This Hicks Street house was in Class 10, Zone 3, territory; and $2,500.00 fire coverage for it would have cost $70.00, plus a $5.00 inspection fee, or a total premium of $75.00. This was the house destroyed, on January 31, 1971, by the fire.

After that tragic incident Broughton made claim for the proceeds of the policy against Southeastern, which promptly denied the claim, upon which Broughton as promptly brought a suit via the medium of reformation in the Court of Record of Escambia County, Florida. He there prevailed in a partial final judgment rendered after final hearing, reforming the policy to read "to cover property commonly known as `South side of Hicks Street, Cantonment, Florida', instead of 512 Washington Street, P.O. Box 236, Cantonment, Florida."

From said judgment Southeastern has appealed and, on the appeal, we find the judgment erroneous even though our Court, too, as wrote the Third District Court of Appeal in Sponholtz v. Sponholtz, 1965, 180 So.2d 497, 500, "will not lightly set aside the findings of the chancellor on the facts where the evidence is heard by him and the witnesses are before him unless shown to be clearly erroneous; yet where a decree is manifestly against the weight of the evidence, or contrary to, and unsupported by the legal effect of the evidence, then it becomes our duty to reverse such decree."

With deference we are persuaded that this "decree is manifestly against the weight of the evidence" and "contrary to, and unsupported by the legal effect of the evidence," because the record wholly fails, for the reasons now to be stated, to support the material allegations of the complaint that "it was the intention of plaintiff and defendant that said policy of insurance would cover plaintiff for losses occasioned and suffered by him through loss of plaintiff's property described herein." (e.s.) This is a charge of mutual mistake[1] as affording the predicate for the reformation suit, since there was again a dearth of evidence on an alternative allegation of the complaint of "fraud on the part of defendant that the policy of insurance did not correctly describe the loss herein."

When is a mistake "mutual?"

Our Supreme Court answered the question in Blumberg et al., v. American Fire and Casualty Co. et al., Fla., 1951, 51 So.2d 182, 184, when it explained that "there are conditions that determine when a mistake is mutual. There is no suggestion of fraud here. A mistake is mutual when it is shown that the parties agreed on one thing and when they put it in the contract they said something different." (e.s.)

These parties never "agreed on one thing." How can one "agree" as to something of which he is totally ignorant? Southeastern never knew, before or at the time the policy contract was written, that there was a house owned by Broughton, on *141 the south side of Hicks Street. Without that essential knowledge Southeastern couldn't possibly have "agreed" with Broughton to insure it.

Certainly no information about the Hicks Street house had ever been imparted to Southeastern in the application overtures preceding the actual writing of the policy. Those overtures had been conducted by Broughton's own agent,[2] with Conway-Spence Insurance Agency representing Southeastern. Wishing to stop renting at 512 Washington Street and acquire a home of his own on the south side of Hicks Street, and after having arranged with Bell to handle the moving, Broughton was told by Goldsmith, in Bell's office "who was going to be handling the insurance I called the insurance and asked the lady how — well, I called there to ask somebody who was responsible for the insurance and to see how my insurance was set up since I couldn't buy it myself and they were going to handle it, whoever holds the mortgage, they were going to have to be responsible for the insurance, I couldn't get it until — I had to keep it for at least 3 years, that is the way they had it drawed up ... ... I assume the mortgage company (actually applied for the insurance policy for him) ... whoever holds the mortgage because they were the ones that were going to have to be the loser in the case, that is the way I see it."

Kindly note, please, that there was nothing in the foregoing to red flag for Southeastern that Southeastern was to insure a frame dwelling on the south side of Hicks Street, or that Broughton owned that lot or that Broughton was having a frame building he intended to live in moved to the site!

Nothing, either, was told Southeastern, or Cecil Hartley, or anyone else connected with Conway-Spence or Southeastern about the house on the south side of Hicks Street in any of the later pre-policy negotiations. Broughton did subsequently call a female clerk in Conway-Spence's office "to find out what type of insurance I had, you know, and how it was going to benefit me if I got my furniture and stuff, you know, and see how it was going to work. I mostly wanted to see if it was going to pay my furniture off, you know, if something happened to my furniture." When asked, "What transpired during the course of your conversation with the lady about where you were living and what the address of the property was?", Broughton replied only, "Well, she didn't go too much into it because she was just the secretary. I didn't get a chance to talk to Mr. Hartley about it until later." Prior to the policy issuance Broughton simply, and with utter vagueness, ambiguity, and lack of specificity, "told" Mrs. Eula Mae Stewart, secretary for Conway-Spence, "I owned the house[3]

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