Scarbrough v. Gagnon

480 F. Supp. 292, 1979 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 8213
CourtDistrict Court, E.D. Wisconsin
DecidedDecember 4, 1979
DocketCiv. A. No. 78-C-168
StatusPublished

This text of 480 F. Supp. 292 (Scarbrough v. Gagnon) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, E.D. Wisconsin primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Scarbrough v. Gagnon, 480 F. Supp. 292, 1979 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 8213 (E.D. Wis. 1979).

Opinion

DECISION AND ORDER

REYNOLDS, Chief Judge.

Petitioner Clyde James Scarbrough challenges his state court conviction for robbery contrary to § 943.32(1), Wis.Stats., claiming that he was denied his right to a speedy trial as guaranteed by the sixth and fourteenth amendments to the United States Constitution. Petitioner is currently in the custody of the State of Wisconsin and has exhausted his state court remedies. See Scarbrough v. State, 76 Wis.2d 87, 250 N.W.2d 354 (1977). The Court has jurisdiction to consider petitioner’s claim for habeas corpus relief pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2241(a) and 28 U.S.C. § 2254(a).

Petitioner was arrested on July 26, 1974, by Milwaukee City police. The following day he was charged by information with two counts of armed robbery. Count one of the information alleged that on July 25, 1974, petitioner robbed Robert Bruce Wills of $100 in cash while threatening Wills with a piece of broken glass. Count two of the information alleged that on July 24, 1974, petitioner robbed Thomas Richard Higdon of $35 in cash while threatening Higdon with a knife. At the initial appearance on July 27, 1974, petitioner was appointed counsel and bail was set at $30,000. Petitioner remained incarcerated in the Milwaukee County Jail until November 8, 1974, at which time he was transferred to the Wisconsin State Prison at Waupun following revocation of his parole from an earlier Wisconsin sentence.

On August 1, 1974, a preliminary hearing was held before County Judge Terence T. Evans who found probable cause as to both counts of the information and bound petitioner over for trial. On August 2, 1974, petitioner was arraigned before Circuit Judge Hugh R. O’Connell and at that time made a demand for a speedy trial. Petitioner’s case was assigned to Circuit Judge John F. Foley for trial. On September 17, 1974, Judge Foley scheduled a jury trial for December 4, 1974.

On December 4, Judge Foley, by motion of the Court, adjourned the case until December 9, 1974. On December 9, the Court adjourned the case until January 28, 1975. On January 28, the case was again adjourned by motion of the Court, this time until April 16,1975. On April 16, the Court adjourned the case until May 9, 1975. On May 9, Judge Foley ordered the case transferred to Circuit Judge Victor Manian who set a trial date for July 17, 1975. On July 17, the case was adjourned until July 23, 1975, over the objection of petitioner’s counsel. On July 21, 1975, petitioner filed a motion to dismiss on the ground that he had been denied his constitutional right to a speedy trial.

[294]*294On July 23, 1975, it appeared as if the case would finally proceed to trial. Judge Manian denied petitioner’s motion to dismiss, granted his motion to sever the two counts, and announced that the first count would be tried that day. At this point, petitioner asked to be heard and informed the Court that he wished to engage. new counsel and that he would need a continuance in order to do so. The request was denied, but as soon as the jury panel entered the courtroom, petitioner started loudly proclaiming his dissatisfaction with his attorney. Petitioner was removed from the courtroom, but apparently this outburst caused Judge Manian to reconsider petitioner’s request. Petitioner was brought into chambers and questioned at length. Petitioner repeatedly insisted on an adjournment, even though he was informed that the next available trial date was not until November. When asked to reconcile his demand for a speedy trial with his insistence on an adjournment, petitioner replied: “I am giving up those motions for a speedy trial. I was never in favor of that. At no time was I in favor of that for those motions that I was brought to the court on speedy trial. I had never heard of them. I never read those motions.” (Tr. at 85) Judge Manian then reluctantly granted the adjournment and set trial for November 3, 1975.

A jury trial was held on the first count of the information on November 3 and 4. At that time petitioner renewed his motion to dismiss on the ground that he had been denied a speedy trial, and the motion was again denied.

At trial, Robert Bruce Wills testified that he met petitioner about 10:00 P. M. on July 25, 1974, and agreed to accompany him to a party that petitioner knew of. Wills told the Court that he and petitioner took a taxi to the corner of 19th and Vine Streets in the City of Milwaukee and began walking across a field toward the supposed party. Petitioner then allegedly wrestled Wills to his knees and held a piece of broken glass to this throat. Petitioner then removed $100 from Wills’ wallet. Wills’ identification was corroborated by the testimony of Donald Shumann, the taxi driver who had driven them to 19th and Vine.

Petitioner testified in his own behalf and attempted to establish an alibi for the time in question. He stated that at 10:30 P. M. on the night of the robbery he was walking near an A & P store located on the corner of Fifth Street and North Avenue. As he was passing by, petitioner testified, a window was broken and the police immediately arrived on the scene. According to petitioner, he then spoke with Detective Lemoyne Richardson of the Milwaukee Police Department, one of the officers who answered the call at the A & P.

Detective Richardson was then called by the State as a rebuttal witness. Richardson testified that he had been summoned to the A & P on the night in question and while there had engaged in conversation with a black male. He further testified that he was unable to identify the man to whom he had spoken and that the time of the call had been about 9:30 P. M.

Following the completion of testimony, the jury retired and found petitioner guilty of robbery, contrary to § 943.32(1), Wis. Stats. Petitioner was sentenced to an indeterminate term of not more than eight years, to run consecutively to the term that petitioner was then serving. The second count of the information was dismissed by the Court on December 4, 1975.

Petitioner appealed his conviction by writ of error to the Wisconsin Supreme Court, specifically raising the issue of the denial of his right to a speedy trial. The judgment of the trial court was affirmed by the high court of Wisconsin on February 15, 1977, in Scarbrough v. State, 76 Wis.2d 87, 250 N.W.2d 354 (1977).

Any discussion of the constitutional right to a speedy trial must begin with Barker v. Wingo, 407 U.S. 514, 92 S.Ct. 2182, 33 L.Ed.2d 101 (1972). In that case, the United States Supreme Court rejected the idea that a uniform time limit could be fixed for determining at what point a defendant had been denied a speedy trial and, instead, adopted an ad hoc balancing test [295]*295based on certain enumerated factors. The factors identified by the Court were: (1) the length of the delay, (2) the reason for the delay, (3) whether or not the defendant asserted his right to a speedy trial, and (4) the extent to which the defendant was prejudiced by the delay. Petitioner’s claim, then, depends upon the application of these four factors to the factual circumstances of his case.

Length of Delay

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Related

Barker v. Wingo
407 U.S. 514 (Supreme Court, 1972)
United States v. Anthony MacIno and Robert Walensky
486 F.2d 750 (Seventh Circuit, 1973)
Scarbrough v. State
250 N.W.2d 354 (Wisconsin Supreme Court, 1977)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
480 F. Supp. 292, 1979 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 8213, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/scarbrough-v-gagnon-wied-1979.