MEMORANDUM DECISION Pursuant to Ind. Appellate Rule 65(D), Mar 11 2016, 8:27 am this Memorandum Decision shall not be regarded as precedent or cited before any court except for the purpose of establishing the defense of res judicata, collateral estoppel, or the law of the case.
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE Thomas C. Allen Gregory F. Zoeller Fort Wayne, Indiana Attorney General of Indiana Angela N. Sanchez Deputy Attorney General Indianapolis, Indiana
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF INDIANA
Sanchez K. Williams, March 11, 2016 Appellant-Defendant, Court of Appeals Case No. 02A04-1508-CR-1125 v. Appeal from the Allen Superior Court State of Indiana, The Honorable Frances C. Gull, Appellee-Plaintiff Judge Trial Court Cause No. 02D06-1504-MR-2
Baker, Judge.
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 02A04-1508-CR-1125 | March 11, 2016 Page 1 of 6 [1] Sanchez Williams appeals his convictions for Murder,1 enhanced by the use of a
firearm,2 and Robbery, a Level 5 felony.3 He argues that the trial court’s
redaction of a deposition violated the doctrine of completeness. Finding that
the trial court committed no error—and that even if the trial court did err, it was
harmless—we affirm.
Facts [2] Twenty-one-year-old Moath Nassir was murdered on December 29, 2014, in
front of the convenience store he owned and operated in Fort Wayne. He and
Williams knew each other—Williams would occasionally walk in the store,
“look at the camera, stick his middle [finger] up, snatch something, and run out
the door.” Tr. 430. Williams also sometimes sold stolen electronics to Nassir.
Two weeks before December 29, Nassir kicked Williams out of the store for
stealing.
[3] The video surveillance cameras recorded a man in a black hoodie and white
tennis shoes walking near the store around 8 p.m. on December 29. Jacquease
Jeanty, who Williams encountered near the store, later identified Williams as
that man. Williams told Jeanty that he wanted to steal a hoodie from the store,
1 Ind. Code § 35-42-1-1. 2 Ind. Code § 35-50-2-11. 3 I.C. § 35-42-5-1.
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 02A04-1508-CR-1125 | March 11, 2016 Page 2 of 6 but Jeanty declined to participate. Jeanty was continuing toward his house
when he heard a single gunshot a few minutes later.
[4] A few moments after the surveillance cameras recorded Williams and Jeanty
walking near the entrance to the store, the cameras recorded Williams and
Nassir running out of the alley on the side of the store. The tape captured a
struggle in which Williams climbed on top of Nassir and punched and kicked
him several times. At some point during the fight, Williams shot Nassir in the
stomach. Later ballistics evidence confirmed that the bullet was fired from
within a few inches of Nassir’s body. Nassir bled to death from the wound.
[5] Around 9 p.m., Williams showed up at his friend’s house. He entered, but
exited a few minutes later to vomit outside. Henry Sweeney was at that house,
and would later testify that Williams said, “sh*t went bad” and “he tried to
fight and I shot him.” Tr. 232. Williams had told Sweeney before that he
thought Nassir’s store would be easy to rob. Williams also showed Sweeney an
iPhone and cash that he said he took from Nassir.
[6] Williams also told Paul Manuel, a former employee of Nassir, that he killed
Nassir. Williams showed Manuel the iPhone, and Manuel observed that
Nassir’s pictures were still on the phone. Williams also showed Manuel some
injuries that Williams sustained in his fight with Nassir.
[7] A DNA analysis disclosed Williams’s DNA on Nassir’s sweater. When the
police searched Williams’s residence, they found white tennis shoes, a black
jacket, and Nassir’s identification documents.
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 02A04-1508-CR-1125 | March 11, 2016 Page 3 of 6 [8] In January 2015, Manuel told the police what Williams had told him. On April
12, 2015, the State charged Williams with murder, felony murder, robbery, and
alleged an enhancement due to Williams’s use of a firearm.
[9] At trial, Manuel failed to appear, and the trial court ruled that his deposition
testimony would be read into the record. Counsel for Williams objected,
arguing that the admission of the deposition would violate Williams’s right to
confront and cross-examine,4 and that if it were admitted, it should be admitted
in its entirety with no redactions. The trial court eventually sided with the
State, allowing the following redactions: Manuel’s two prior felony convictions,
which were over twenty years old; some details regarding the stolen electronics
Williams would occasionally sell to Nassir; and the circumstances surrounding
Manuel’s initial statement to the police (he was in the back of a police car).
[10] On June 26, 2015, the jury found Williams guilty as charged. The trial court
vacated the felony murder conviction, and sentenced Williams to sixty-five
years for murder—enhanced by twenty years for the use of a firearm—and six
years for the robbery, to be served consecutively. Williams now appeals.
4 Counsel for Williams was present at the deposition, and, although Williams was not present himself, counsel for Williams did not request that Williams be present. Williams does not assert on appeal that the admission of this deposition violated his right to confront and cross-examine.
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 02A04-1508-CR-1125 | March 11, 2016 Page 4 of 6 Discussion and Decision [11] Williams has one argument on appeal: he argues that the omission of the
redacted portions of Manuel’s deposition was reversible error. The admission
or exclusion of evidence is a matter left to the sound discretion of the trial court,
and we will reverse only upon an abuse of that discretion. Greenboam v. State,
766 N.E.2d 1247 (Ind. Ct. App. 2002). An abuse of discretion occurs where the
decision is clearly against the logic and effect of the facts and circumstances. Id.
[12] We first find that the trial court did not err by admitting the redacted version of
Manuel’s deposition into evidence. Indiana Evidence Rule 106 provides that
“[i]f a party introduces all or part of a writing or recorded statement, an adverse
party may require the introduction, at that time, of any other part—or any other
writing or recorded statement—that in fairness ought to be considered at the
same time.” However, “a court need not admit the remainder of the statement,
or portions thereof, that are neither explanatory nor relevant to the portions
already introduced.” Lieberenz v. State, 717 N.E.2d 1242, 1248 (Ind. Ct. App.
1999).
[13] Here, the portions redacted did not add context to Manuel’s statement. The
redactions included (1) prior convictions that, because of their age, would not
have been admissible if Manuel had testified in person, (2) prejudicial
information regarding irrelevant illegal activities the victim and Williams were
allegedly involved in, and (3) the location of Manuel when he first spoke with
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MEMORANDUM DECISION Pursuant to Ind. Appellate Rule 65(D), Mar 11 2016, 8:27 am this Memorandum Decision shall not be regarded as precedent or cited before any court except for the purpose of establishing the defense of res judicata, collateral estoppel, or the law of the case.
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE Thomas C. Allen Gregory F. Zoeller Fort Wayne, Indiana Attorney General of Indiana Angela N. Sanchez Deputy Attorney General Indianapolis, Indiana
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF INDIANA
Sanchez K. Williams, March 11, 2016 Appellant-Defendant, Court of Appeals Case No. 02A04-1508-CR-1125 v. Appeal from the Allen Superior Court State of Indiana, The Honorable Frances C. Gull, Appellee-Plaintiff Judge Trial Court Cause No. 02D06-1504-MR-2
Baker, Judge.
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 02A04-1508-CR-1125 | March 11, 2016 Page 1 of 6 [1] Sanchez Williams appeals his convictions for Murder,1 enhanced by the use of a
firearm,2 and Robbery, a Level 5 felony.3 He argues that the trial court’s
redaction of a deposition violated the doctrine of completeness. Finding that
the trial court committed no error—and that even if the trial court did err, it was
harmless—we affirm.
Facts [2] Twenty-one-year-old Moath Nassir was murdered on December 29, 2014, in
front of the convenience store he owned and operated in Fort Wayne. He and
Williams knew each other—Williams would occasionally walk in the store,
“look at the camera, stick his middle [finger] up, snatch something, and run out
the door.” Tr. 430. Williams also sometimes sold stolen electronics to Nassir.
Two weeks before December 29, Nassir kicked Williams out of the store for
stealing.
[3] The video surveillance cameras recorded a man in a black hoodie and white
tennis shoes walking near the store around 8 p.m. on December 29. Jacquease
Jeanty, who Williams encountered near the store, later identified Williams as
that man. Williams told Jeanty that he wanted to steal a hoodie from the store,
1 Ind. Code § 35-42-1-1. 2 Ind. Code § 35-50-2-11. 3 I.C. § 35-42-5-1.
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 02A04-1508-CR-1125 | March 11, 2016 Page 2 of 6 but Jeanty declined to participate. Jeanty was continuing toward his house
when he heard a single gunshot a few minutes later.
[4] A few moments after the surveillance cameras recorded Williams and Jeanty
walking near the entrance to the store, the cameras recorded Williams and
Nassir running out of the alley on the side of the store. The tape captured a
struggle in which Williams climbed on top of Nassir and punched and kicked
him several times. At some point during the fight, Williams shot Nassir in the
stomach. Later ballistics evidence confirmed that the bullet was fired from
within a few inches of Nassir’s body. Nassir bled to death from the wound.
[5] Around 9 p.m., Williams showed up at his friend’s house. He entered, but
exited a few minutes later to vomit outside. Henry Sweeney was at that house,
and would later testify that Williams said, “sh*t went bad” and “he tried to
fight and I shot him.” Tr. 232. Williams had told Sweeney before that he
thought Nassir’s store would be easy to rob. Williams also showed Sweeney an
iPhone and cash that he said he took from Nassir.
[6] Williams also told Paul Manuel, a former employee of Nassir, that he killed
Nassir. Williams showed Manuel the iPhone, and Manuel observed that
Nassir’s pictures were still on the phone. Williams also showed Manuel some
injuries that Williams sustained in his fight with Nassir.
[7] A DNA analysis disclosed Williams’s DNA on Nassir’s sweater. When the
police searched Williams’s residence, they found white tennis shoes, a black
jacket, and Nassir’s identification documents.
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 02A04-1508-CR-1125 | March 11, 2016 Page 3 of 6 [8] In January 2015, Manuel told the police what Williams had told him. On April
12, 2015, the State charged Williams with murder, felony murder, robbery, and
alleged an enhancement due to Williams’s use of a firearm.
[9] At trial, Manuel failed to appear, and the trial court ruled that his deposition
testimony would be read into the record. Counsel for Williams objected,
arguing that the admission of the deposition would violate Williams’s right to
confront and cross-examine,4 and that if it were admitted, it should be admitted
in its entirety with no redactions. The trial court eventually sided with the
State, allowing the following redactions: Manuel’s two prior felony convictions,
which were over twenty years old; some details regarding the stolen electronics
Williams would occasionally sell to Nassir; and the circumstances surrounding
Manuel’s initial statement to the police (he was in the back of a police car).
[10] On June 26, 2015, the jury found Williams guilty as charged. The trial court
vacated the felony murder conviction, and sentenced Williams to sixty-five
years for murder—enhanced by twenty years for the use of a firearm—and six
years for the robbery, to be served consecutively. Williams now appeals.
4 Counsel for Williams was present at the deposition, and, although Williams was not present himself, counsel for Williams did not request that Williams be present. Williams does not assert on appeal that the admission of this deposition violated his right to confront and cross-examine.
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 02A04-1508-CR-1125 | March 11, 2016 Page 4 of 6 Discussion and Decision [11] Williams has one argument on appeal: he argues that the omission of the
redacted portions of Manuel’s deposition was reversible error. The admission
or exclusion of evidence is a matter left to the sound discretion of the trial court,
and we will reverse only upon an abuse of that discretion. Greenboam v. State,
766 N.E.2d 1247 (Ind. Ct. App. 2002). An abuse of discretion occurs where the
decision is clearly against the logic and effect of the facts and circumstances. Id.
[12] We first find that the trial court did not err by admitting the redacted version of
Manuel’s deposition into evidence. Indiana Evidence Rule 106 provides that
“[i]f a party introduces all or part of a writing or recorded statement, an adverse
party may require the introduction, at that time, of any other part—or any other
writing or recorded statement—that in fairness ought to be considered at the
same time.” However, “a court need not admit the remainder of the statement,
or portions thereof, that are neither explanatory nor relevant to the portions
already introduced.” Lieberenz v. State, 717 N.E.2d 1242, 1248 (Ind. Ct. App.
1999).
[13] Here, the portions redacted did not add context to Manuel’s statement. The
redactions included (1) prior convictions that, because of their age, would not
have been admissible if Manuel had testified in person, (2) prejudicial
information regarding irrelevant illegal activities the victim and Williams were
allegedly involved in, and (3) the location of Manuel when he first spoke with
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 02A04-1508-CR-1125 | March 11, 2016 Page 5 of 6 police. We cannot say that the trial court abused its discretion to find that
fairness did not require the inclusion of this information.
[14] But even if we were to assume that these portions of the deposition should have
been admitted, the error would clearly be harmless. An error is harmless if its
probable impact on the jury, in light of all of the evidence in the case, is
sufficiently minor so as not to affect the substantial rights of the parties. Griffin
v. State, 664 N.E.2d 373, 376 (Ind. Ct. App. 1996).
[15] In this case, the State presented the following evidence of Williams’s guilt: a
surveillance tape of the murder, a witness who identified Williams as the person
on the tape, multiple witnesses to whom Williams confessed, multiple witnesses
to whom Williams stated his intent to rob the store, multiple witnesses who saw
the victim’s phone in Williams’s possession, Williams’s extensive history of
previous robberies of the store, Williams’s DNA on the victim, the exact
matching outfit of clothes of the person caught on tape found in Williams’s
residence, and the victim’s identification papers found in Williams’s possession.
We cannot believe that the inclusion of three redacted portions of one witness’s
testimony, on matters tangentially related to the case, could have possibly
swayed the jury’s mind.
[16] The judgment of the trial court is affirmed.
Bradford, J., and Pyle, J., concur.
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 02A04-1508-CR-1125 | March 11, 2016 Page 6 of 6